1、Period Four Grammar The Restrictive and NonRestrictive Attributive Clauses感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题1This gift was the Amber Room，which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.2The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellowbrown colour like honey.3However，the next King of
2、Prussia，Frederick William ， to whom the amber room belonged，decided not to keep it.4Later ，Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.5This was a time when the two countries were at war.6There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train f
3、or Knigsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.句 1、3、6 为非限制性定语从句；句 2、4、5 为限制性定语从句；在形式上非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别在于：关系词前是否有逗号。1限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的不同(1)限 制 性 定 语 从 句 用 来 修 饰 和 限 定 先 行 词 ， 如 果 去 掉 ， 主 句 的 意 思 就 不 完 整 或 失 去 意 义 ，它 与 主 句 关 系 十 分 密 切 ， 不 用 逗 号 分 开 ； 而 非 限 制 性 定 语 从 句 与 主 句 的 关
4、 系 不 十 分 密 切 ，只 是 对 先 行 词 作 附 加 的 说 明 ， 即 使 去 掉 ， 主 句 的 意 思 依 然 清 楚 完 整 ， 它 与 主 句 之 间 通 常 用逗 号 分 开 。The person whom/who you were looking for is downstairs.(限制性定语从句)你找的那个人正在楼下。This note was left by Tom，who was here a moment ago.(非限制性定语从句)这个便条是汤姆留下的，刚才他还在这里。(2)限制性定语从句的先行词一般为单个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是单个
5、的名词或代词，也可以是整个句子。Tom had made great progress， which made us very happy.汤姆取得了很大的进步，这使我们很高兴。(3)that 可用来引导限制性定语从句，但一般不用来引导非限制性定语从句；限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略，在某些表示时间(year)、地点(place)、原因(reason)的词后，关系副词在口语中可省略；而非限制性定语从句中，关系词不可省略。I have been to the city twice(that/which) you just visited.你刚参观完的那座城市我去过两次。I dont l
6、ike the way (that/in which) you speak to me.我不喜欢你对我讲话的方式。This is the place (where) we met years ago.这就是我们多年前相遇的地方。The reason (why/for which) he did that is quite clear.他那样做的原因是非常明显的。(4)翻译时限制性定语从句通常被翻译到先行词的前面，而非限制性定语从句常常单独译成一句话放在主句之后，用来补充说明主句。The new bicycle which/that my brother rides was bought thi
7、s year.(限制性定语从句)我哥哥/弟弟骑着的那辆新自行车是今年买的。My brother rides a new bike，which was bought this year.(非限制性定语从句 )我哥哥骑着一辆新自行车，这车是今年买的。2使用非限制性定语从句时应注意的事项(1)当 关 系 代 词 指 代 整 个 主 句 内 容 时 ， 用 非 限 制 性 定 语 从 句 。 从 句 的 谓 语 动 词 要 用 第 三 人 称单 数 。He seems not to have grasped what I meant，which greatly upsets me.他似乎没领会我的意思
8、，这使我很心烦。The girl is often late for work，which makes her boss angry.这个女孩上班经常迟到，这使得她的老板很生气。(2)as 可引导先行词是整个主句的非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语。它引导的从句可以位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后，还可以位于主句中间。He is a great hero，as is described in the report.正如在报道中描述的那样，他是一位伟大的英雄。(as 作主语，位于主句之后 )As we had expected，the plan worked out very well.正如
9、我们所预料的，这个计划进展得非常顺利。(as 作宾语，位于主句之前 )单句语法填空1The government started a soiltesting program that/which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers.(2018全国)2Kate，whose sister I shared a room with when we were at college，has gone to work in Australia.(2018天津)3Many westerners who/that come to China
10、 cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.(2018浙江)4Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both，which is not good for the health.(2017全国)5But Sarah， who has taken part in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as wel
11、l as beauty.(2017全国)6The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.(2017北京)7I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.(2016北京)8 We will put off the picnic in the park until next week， when the weather may be better.(2016天津 ).
12、单句语法填空1In Xian，I met a college student，who had a strong love for cultural relics.2They went to London，where they lived for six months.3As we had expected，the boy finally won the first prize.4His best movie，which won several awards，was about the life of Grandhi.5We take pity on these children，whose p
13、arents died in the earthquake.6He gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday，which pleased her a lot.7She is a kind girl，who often helps those in trouble.8Some of them dont like the activity where they must sit still.9I will arrive there in October，when there are fallen leaves on the ground.10T
14、he woman always shows off her new clothes，which makes her husband angry.语法填空(用适当的关系词填空 )The very film 11.that is called Titanic is such a beautiful and sad love story 12.as is popular with the public,13.whose hero and heroine are Jack and Rose.Rose is a young beautiful woman with 14.whom her mother
15、went to America.Jack,15.who won a ship ticket by playing cards，is a poor painter.They met and fell in love with each other on Titanic 16.where they had a happy time.Sadly，the nice journey was destroyed by a huge iceberg,17.when Jack lost his life for saving Rose(Everyone will be moved by the selfles
16、s way in 18.which most people cant behave in real life)Before Jack left Rose forever，he encouraged Rose to live well for him.19.As is known to all，love is the strongest strength.And thats the reason 20.why Rose could live alone and tell us the moving story.基础巩固.用适当的关系词填空1This is the room where my gr
17、andma used to live.2This is the room that/which my grandma used to live in.3Mr Green said that Suzhou was the first city that he had visited in China.4The boy who was often absent from class was present at the party.5This is my glasses，without which I cant see clearly.6He，who is your good friend，wil
18、l of course try his best to help you out.7This was the reason why he took apart the machine.8This is the farm where we picked apples last year.9Do you still remember the summer holiday when we made a journey to Beijing?10The famous singer，who is from Britain，has a number of devoted fans in China.完成句
19、子11As is known to us all(众所周知)，books are the source of knowledge.12Taobao is a website where you can buy what you want (在那里你可以买到你想要的东西) at a good price.13The school shop，whose customers are mainly students(其主要顾客是学生)，is closed for the holidays.14Do you know the number of people who lost their lives(失
20、去了他们的生命) in the traffic accident?15The reason why he missed the class(他为什么缺课) was quite different from the one that you explained to me.16It rained hard yesterday，which prevented/stopped me from going to the park(这阻止了我去公园)能力提升.完形填空One day，on my way to work，I pulled into the Dunkin Donuts drivethru(汽
21、车餐厅) I was tired， 17 and worried about money and billsas usual.I was 18 the woman in a car with a “Life Is 19 ！” picture on the back window.As she put her hand out of the window to 20 ，I saw her beautiful nails and the 21 looking jewelry on her arm.Her hair 22 like shed just been to the salon.My env
22、y 23 kicked in and I started growling.“Must be nice！” And various other meanspirited thoughts 24 my mind.I was angry with her 25 possessions and her “Life Is Good！” 26 .When it was my turn to pay， the 27 told me that the lady in the car had paid for my 28 ！I was told she often goes through the drive
23、thru，gets a cup of coffee，pays with a $20 bill and 29 the rest to those behind her in line.I felt grateful and very 30 of my judgmental attitude.I tried to catch up with her to give her a thankyou wave， 31 she disappeared into traffic.Since then，I have done 32 things on occasionpaying the toll for s
24、omeone behind me， or buying a lonely man a Thanksgiving meal at Cracker Barrel.Each time，I remember the lady in the car and her 33 and realise little things do 34 a difference because they have the same effect.Now my mother makes a 35 of buying meals for people in restaurants，thanks to the 36 in the
25、 car.Life is good，indeed!语篇解读 作者开车去汽车餐厅时，看到排在她前面的一位穿着时尚的女士，很是嫉妒，但是当作者得知她为自己和别人付账单的事情后，不禁为自己动辄指责人的态度而感到羞愧，从此以后也改变态度，助人为乐。17A.busy BhungryCcalm Drich答案 B解析 从第一段第一句“One day，on my way to work，I pulled into the Dunkin Donuts drivethru(汽车餐厅) ”可知，作者去的是汽车餐厅，故应是感觉“饿了” ，所以此处要用hungry。18A.around BinCbehind Dto答
26、案 C解析 从 后 文 可 得 知 ， 作 者 的 饭 钱 是 那 位 女 士 提 前 付 的 ， 因 此 可 以 推 知 那 位 女 士 在 作 者 的 前面 ， 而 作 者 则 是 在 她 的 后 面 ， 所 以 此 处 要 用 behind； 第 四 段 中 的 “behind her in line”也 是 提示 。19A.Terrible BSadCDifficult DGood答案 D解析 根据第三段中的“Life Is Good！”可知，那位女士的车的后窗户上有一张写着“生活是美好的！”的图片，所以此处选 D。20A.listen BchooseCpay Dwatch答案 C解析
27、 那位女士买吃的东西，她把手伸出车窗外是为了“付款” ，所以此处要用 pay。listen听；choose 选择；watch 观看。21A.large BtallCexpensive Dordinary答案 C解析 根据第三段中的“Must be nice！”可知，那位女士戴的珠宝看起来很“昂贵” ，所以此处要用 expensive。22A.looked BtestedCtasted Dchecked答案 A解析 她的头发看起来好像刚去过美发厅一样。look like 看起来像，符合语境。23A.lately BslowlyCimmediately Dangrily答案 C解析 从后面的“ki
28、cked in and I started growling”和“various other meanspirited thoughts”可知，作者“立刻”有了嫉妒心，所以此处要用 immediately。lately 最近；slowly 慢慢地；angrily 愤怒地。24A.took off Bbroke intoCput off Dwent through答案 D解析 作者嫉妒那位女士，因此各种想法在心头闪过。go through 经历，通过，符合语境。take off 脱下，起飞；break into 破门而入；put off 推迟。25A.material BexperienceCk
29、nowledge Dspace答案 A解析 作者看到了那位女士的穿着，对她能拥有那么多的“物质”而感到气愤。所以此处要用 material。experience 经验，经历；knowledge 知识； space 空间，太空。26A.attitude BmindCplan Dview答案 A解析 “生活是美好的！”是那位女士的生活态度，所以此处要用 attitude。mind 思想，思维；plan 计划；view 观点。27A.driver BcashierCcleaner Dguide答案 B解析 从前面的“When it was my turn to pay”可知，作者要付款给收银员，所以
30、此处要用cashier。 driver 司机；cleaner 清洁工；guide 向导。28A.order BseatCability Dquality答案 A解析 那位女士已经为作者的点餐付了款。order 点餐，符合语境。29A.offers BborrowsCcounts Dsettles答案 A解析 从第五段第二句中的“give her a thankyou wave”可知，此处是指她把自己剩余的钱“提供”给排在她后面的人，所以要用 offer。borrow 借入；count 计数；settle 定居。30A.ashamed BfrightenedCdisappointed Dsurp
31、rised答案 A解析 从空格后面的“judgmental attitude”可知，作者为自己动辄指责人的态度而感到“羞愧” ，所以此处要用 ashamed。frightened 恐惧的，害怕的；disappointed 失望的；surprised 惊讶的，吃惊的。31A.because BbutCif Dand答案 B解析 作者想感谢那位女士，但是她在车流中消失了。此处是转折关系，所以要用 but。32A.polite BsimilarCspecial Dprivate答案 B解析 从后面的“paying the toll for someone behind me”可知，作者也开始做类似的
32、事情来帮助他人，此处要用 similar。polite 礼貌的；special 特殊的，特别的；private 私人的。33A.sight BdisabilityCgenerosity Dpossibility答案 C解析 那位女士把自己剩余的钱用来帮助他人，所以作者能记住的是她的“慷慨” ，所以此处要用 generosity。sight 视觉；disability 残疾；possibility 可能性。34A.produce BbuyCget Dmake答案 D解析 make a difference 为固定搭配，意为 “有关系，有影响 ”，所以此处要用 make。35A.line Bpro
33、miseCrecord Dhabit答案 D解析 作者的母亲也养成了帮助别人的习惯。habit 习惯，符合语境。36A.man BladyCgirl Dboy答案 B解析 此处指那位乐于助人的女士，所以要用 lady。.语法填空Several days ago， on my way home from work， my car had a tire blowout(轮 胎 爆 裂 ) It was nearly midnight and little traffic 37. (see) on the road.I called the roadside assistance(援 助 )Abou
34、t an hour and a quarter 38. my car broke down，a car pulled over.39. gentleman asked me if I was OK and I told him I 40. (wait) for roadside assistance to come.He then parked his car ahead of mine and offered 41. (change) my tire for me.This was not an easy task.The man 42. (careful) took off the tir
35、e and replaced it.Once the tire was changed，he said he wanted to follow me to a nearby gas station for my 43. (safe)After we arrived at the gas station，he asked me to stay in my car.He put air in my tire and we were all ready then.I said that I did not have much cash 44. me，or I would give him some
36、for 45. (be) so helpful.He said he didnt do that for money.I was 46. (luck) to meet so kind a person like him.语篇解读 作者在回家的路上车爆胎了，她幸运地得到了一位好心人的帮助。37答案 was seen解析 考查时态和语态。这里是讲过去的事，且 traffic 与 see 之间是被动关系，故要用一般过去时的被动语态。38答案 after解析 考查连词。after 意为“在之后” 。这里表示在作者的车坏了的一小时十五分钟后。39答案 A解析 考查冠词。gentleman 是第一次提到的
37、单数可数名词，故用 a 修饰，表泛指。40答案 was waiting解析 考查时态。句意为：我告诉他我正在等待援助。41答案 to change解析 考查非谓语动词。offer to do sth.意为“主动提出做某事” 。42答案 carefully解析 考查副词。修饰动词词组要用副词形式。43答案 safety解析 考查名词。这里是指为了作者的安全，要用名词作介词的宾语。44答案 on解析 考查介词。on 表示“在身上” 。45答案 being解析 考查非谓语动词。for 是介词，后跟动名词形式。46答案 lucky解析 考查形容词。此处用形容词作表语。.读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情
38、节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。A farmer grew some vegetables in his garden.One day his wife was ill and he had no money.He had to sell some cabbages and carrots in the market.The next morning he took two baskets of vegetables to town.But it was raining hard that afternoon and there were few people in the street.
39、When his vegetables were sold out, it was dark.He bought some medicine and hurried to his village.On his way home he saw a person lying on the snow.He placed his baskets on the ground and was going to help the person to get up.At that time he found it was a dead man and there was much blood on his b
40、ody.He was so afraid that he ran away quickly, without taking the baskets with him.The next afternoon the farmer was sent to the police station.Having shown the baskets, an officer asked， “Are these yours？” “Yes, sir， ” the farmer answered timidly(胆怯地) “Have you killed the man？” “No, no, sir， ” the
41、farmer said in a hurry.“When did you see the dead man？” “About seven last evening.”“Did you see who killed the man？” “No, sir.” The officer brought out a knife and asked, “Have you seen it yet？” “No, sir.” The officer became angry and told the policemen to beat him up and sent him into prison.The of
42、ficer wanted to trap the farmer into the confession(供认), but the farmer didnt admit he was the murderer.注意：1所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；2至少使用 5 个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1：The officer was so angry that he asked the policeman to beat him up again. Paragraph 2：The fa
43、rmer was lucky.A few days later， 参考范文The officer was so angry that he asked the policeman to beat him up again.The farmer was very afraid, for he thought he would be sentenced to death by killing people.But he was innocent.He wanted to tell people the truth, but no one could hear his voice.He hoped
44、that someone could come and save him.The farmer was lucky.A few days later，a young man came to the police station with a lot of journalists, saying that he saw the murderer.It was the police officer who killed the man on the snow！ He saw the police officer used a knife killing the man late in the ev
45、ening.He was very frightened and ran away.But the young man thought the farmer was innocent.So he took the great courage to expose the real criminal.After the investigation, the young man was right.The police officer was sent into prison and the policeman who beat up the farmer was fired, and the brave young man was regarded as the hero by the villagers.
