1、Period Four Grammar Review of verb forms(2)感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题1No one asked him to do the job ，and no one pays him for it.2Before he volunteered to direct the traffic，Timoteo had had lots of jobs.3Then one day while he was working as a lorry driver he had a close encounter with death.4He was driving a
2、 lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain.5This last experience had a profound effect on Timoteo.1句 1 的第一个分句、句 2 的从句和句 5 用了一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作。2句 2 的主句用了过去完成时，表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经完成的动作。3句 3 的从句和句 4 的主句用了过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作。一、一般过去时
3、(一)构成：主语动词过去式(二)用法：1主要用于过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。I saw him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上看见他了。2表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和 often，always 等频度副词连用。When I was a teenager，I played table tennis almost every day.十几岁时，我几乎每天都打乒乓球。3在以下句型中，常用一般过去时表示虚拟语气。It is (high/about) time (that) you went to bed.你该睡觉了。I would rather they came
4、 tomorrow.我宁愿他们明天来。4一般过去时与现在完成时的区别(1)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在造成的影响，强调的是影响。(2)一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday，last week，.ago，in 1980，just now 等具体的时间状语；现在完成时的时间状语有：for，since，so far，ever，never，just，yet，till/until，up to now，in past years 等不确
5、定的时间状语。二者共用的时间状语有：this morning，tonight，once，before ，already，recently，lately 等。I saw this film yesterday.我昨天看了这部电影。(强调看的动作发生过了。 )I have seen this film.我已看过这部电影了。(强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。)Why did you get up so early?你为何起床这么早？(强调起床的动作已发生过了。 )Who hasnt handed in his paper?谁还没交上试卷？(强调对现在的影响，还没交。 )二、过去进行时(一)构
6、成：主语was/were 现在分词(二)用法：1表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在发生的动作。I was having a shower at that time.那时我正在冲澡。We were having a class meeting from 7 to 9 last night.昨天晚上 7 点到 9 点我们正在开班会。2某些非延续性动词，如 go，come，start ，leave ，return 等用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。She wanted to know when we were starting this task.她想知道我们什么时候开始这项任务。3在语境中的运用
7、。I waved to her but she wasnt looking.我向她挥手但她没往这边瞧。She didnt hear the doorbell.She was listening to the radio.她没听见门铃响，她在听收音机。注意 与 always，forever，frequently 等副词连用，可表示某种感情色彩。She was forever complaining.她老是抱怨。(厌烦)She was always thinking of others.她老是想着别人。(赞扬)三、过去完成时(一)构成：主语had 过去分词(二)用法：1表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前
8、完成了的动作，即表示“过去的过去” 。这个过去的时刻常用 by，before 等介词短语或时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可以通过上下文来表示。He had learned English for a few years before he went to the United States.在去美国之前，他已学习了几年英语。2表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和 for，since构成的时间状语连用。I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.当公交车
9、终于来了的时候，我在车站已等了 20 分钟。He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.他说自从 1949 年以来他就在那家工厂工作。3叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。Mr Smith died yesterday.He had been a good friend of mine.史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。I didnt know a thing about the verbs，for I had not studied my lesson well.我对动
10、词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。4在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。I returned the book that I had borrowed.我归还了我借的书。She found the key that she had lost.她找到了她丢的那把钥匙。5过去完成时常常用在宾语从句(或间接引语) 中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。He said that he had known her well.他说他很熟悉她。I thought I had sent the letter a week before.我认为我一星期
11、前就把信寄出去了。6在含有 when，until 等连词的复合句中，如果主句谓语动词和从句谓语动词所表示的过去动作不是同时发生的，那么先发生的动作通常用过去完成时表示。When I woke up，it had already stopped raining.我醒来时雨已停了。She didnt go to bed until she had finished her work.直到把工作做完之后她才睡觉。注意 如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含 before 和 after 的复合句中，因为这时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，可以用一般过去时代替过去
12、完成时。After he arrived in England，Marx worked hard to improve his English.到达英格兰之后，马克思努力提高他的英语水平。7动词 think，want，hope ， mean，plan，intend 等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.他 们 本 来 打 算 去 帮 忙 ， 但 没 有 及 时 赶 到 那 里 。8过去完成时还可用在 hardly.when.，no sooner.than.，It
13、 was the first/second/.time (that)等固定句型中。Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.他 刚 开 始 演 讲 ， 听 众 就 打 断 了 他 。No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他刚到就又走了。It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.这是他那一年第三次失业了。.单句语法填空1Hi，Im Peter.Are you new here
14、？I havent seen you around.Hello，Peter.Im Bob.I just started(start) on Monday.(2018北京)2Susan had quit her wellpaid job and was working(work) as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.(2018北京)3Later ，engineers managed(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道)
15、，which became known as the Tube.(2017全国)4Silk had become(become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.(2016浙江)5Jack was working(work) in the lab when the power cut occurred.(2016北京)6When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I hadnt seen(not，see) for years.(
16、2016天津)7Then ，after two and a half years，the mother drove(drive) the young panda away.(2016四川).单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )8During my last winter holiday，I went to the countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.I a big change there.(2018全国，短文改错 )findfound9I didnt realize how right my parents until I
17、entered high school.arewere(2018全国，短文改错)10It was Monday morning，and the writing class had just .(2018全国，短文改错)beginbegun11Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructors orders，but once I started the car， my mind blank.(2017全国，短文改错)goeswent12I entered my second year of high school
18、 and a new member of the school music becomebecameclub.(2017全国，短文改错)13They always me what to do and how to do it.At one time，I even felt my parents telltoldcouldnt understand me so I hoped I could be free from them.(2016全国，短文改错)14While they ，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit on the top
19、 of the chatchattedfridge.(2016浙江，短文改错)15We up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house，and then went shopping.getgot(2016四川，短文改错).单句语法填空1The reporter said that the UFO was traveling(travel) from east to west when he saw it.2He said he would tell her about the news as soon as hemet(meet) her.3She
20、had finished(finish) writing the composition by 10 oclock this morning.4I would rather you went(go) shopping tomorrow.5They wanted to know when we were leaving(leave) for Shanghai.6When Jane arrived at the station，her whole family were waiting(wait) for her there.7By the end of yesterday ，we had rec
21、eived(receive) over 1,000 letters from all over the world.8Mary took(take) a photo of Professor Smith while he was making a speech.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )9No sooner he come into the room than it began to rain heavily.didhad10As I you last time，I made three new friends here.telltold11The holiday we were l
22、ooking forward to at ingcame12The moment the doctors have heard about the accident， they all came to help.13I had studied in this primary school for six years then I went to No.1 Junior School.14It was not long before I why they were so fascinated with tennis.understandunderstood15The nurses being t
23、aught how to look after the patients at this time yesterday.arewere16It was the first time I attended such an important meeting. had基础巩固.单句语法填空1I watched (watch) the football match broadcast on TV yesterday evening.2I had intended(intend) to call on you yesterday，but I had an unexpected visitor.3She
24、 went(go) to the cinema last night with her boyfriend.4I felt very tired when I got home，so I took(take) a rest.5It was ten years since we had had(have) such a wonderful time.6He opened his eyes，put on his clothes quickly and jumped(jump) down from the bed.7Invited to give a lecture on English learn
25、ing，he was preparing(prepare) his lecture all day yesterday.8Oh，its you，Mr Johnson! I didnt recognize(not，recognize) you.9Hardly had she gone to bed when the bell rang.10He was reading a novel when I came into the room.完成句子11This was the first time that they had met in thirtynine years.这是 39 年里他们第一次
26、见面。12He was reading a newspaper at that moment.那时他正在看报。13We had hoped to help but we were too busy then.我们原本希望去帮忙，但那时太忙了。14We didnt go to the zoo yesterday.We went to the park.我们昨天没去动物园，我们去了公园。15Was he doing his homework this time yesterday?他昨天这个时候正在做作业吗？16Years ago you offered (to give) me some use
27、ful advice about learning.多年前你给我提供了一些关于学习的有用建议。17She was always helping others when she lived here.她住在这里时，总是乐于帮助别人。18She told me that she was leaving for Italy the next day.她告诉我她第二天要出发去意大利。19After he got off the bus，he realized that he had left his bag on it.他下车后意识到把包落在车上了。20I had planned to go on a
28、 trip to Beijing but I couldnt afford the time.我本打算去北京旅行，但是没有时间。能力提升.阅读理解Finding a job is difficult.But what might be even more untoward is figuring out how to get used to the new environment that you are working in when you do finally manage to get a new job.Here are some tips for dealing with the
29、adjustment period.Be friendly to people.Any job is better when you are friends of the people that you are working with.You should be friendly to everyone that you are meeting.Actually listen to what these people tell you.Most people like making friends with those who are willing to listen.Stay posit
30、ive.One of the things that makes it difficult to adjust to a new job is negativity.If you automatically make judgments about things at the office that you arent going to like，then youre going to find it difficult to approach the job with a positive attitude.Try to focus on the things that you like a
31、bout the work and stay away from anyone that is saying negative things on the job.Keep relaxed.Accept the fact that you probably arent going to get used to the new job immediately.You are going to make some mistakes.You are going to get confused or youre going to confuse others by doing things diffe
32、rently than what theyre used to.Be relaxed.The thing that you really need to get used to a new job is just time.Getting used to a new job or a new work environment isnt easy，but it doesnt have to be particularly difficult either.Get to know the people that you are working with and the unspoken rules
33、 of the place by paying attention to what is going on around you and accepting that its going to take some time to get used to it all！After you have adjusted to your new job，the way to do the job well is coming to the first question.语 篇 解 读 本 文 主 要 讲 述 的 是 如 何 适 应 新 的 工 作 环 境 。21The underlined word
34、“untoward” in Para.1 probably means “ ”Adifficult BimpressiveCimportant Dshocking答案 A解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文的“Finding a job is difficult.”以及画线词前的“even more”可推断，画线词所在句意为“获得新工作之后，如何适应新的工作环境更难。 ”即画线词含义是“困难的” 。22In the authors opinion，you can learn unspoken rules by .Aasking for others helpBcopying others beha
35、viorCfollowing others instructionsDnoticing whats going on in the workplace答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句可知，通过注意你周围发生的事来了解与你一起工作的人和潜规则。23If the passage continues，what may be talked about?AHow to keep relaxed.BHow to do your job well.CHow to make fewer mistakes in your job.DThe importance of adjusting to y
36、our new job.答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，适应了新工作之后，如何做好这份工作就成为随之而来的首要问题。由此推断，文章接下来会阐述如何做好你的工作。24What would be the best title for this passage?AWhat to Do in an InterviewBWays to Find a Satisfactory JobCTips for Adjusting to a New JobDHow to Get Along Well with Others答案 C解析 标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段最后一句“Here a
37、re some tips for dealing with the adjustment period.”可知，本文主要讲述的是如何适应新的工作环境。.完形填空Recently I understood the true meaning of love.The 25 was Kane，my neighbor Jolines twoyearold son.Kane was born with a physical problem on his 26 .And I witnessed(目 睹 )the 27 that Kanes physical shortcomings had on his f
38、amily.I also witnessed much more than that.I saw a 28 family that embraced(拥抱) this special child.A family that wouldnt allow Kane to know he was 29 .Joline had constructed a small cart(手推车 ) just a few inches off the floor for his son to 30 .Kane used his hands to move about，and the cart 31 him to
39、“go to” any place just as everyone else was able to do.Kane was not just a member of the family， but the 32 of the family.With a wide smile，it was easy to see that even at the age of two，Kane liked to 33 with people very much.With wisdom of an individual，this boy even 34 the most complex of human em
40、otions.Later I came to 35 that this child was sent to help some of us who werent just getting what love was all about.Kane demanded attention， 36 not because of his mobility(移动能力) challenges or other apparent shortcomings.In his mind，he had no 37 or shortcomings.The 38 was that he received attention
41、 because he was alive and real and had so much to offer.Kane 39 me in a deep way.His ability to refuse to be different has 40 me.Kane was and is 41 lots of warm and powerful energy to me.From him and his family I learnt the 42 ： Love surpasses(超越) all things.I can only imagine that as the parent of
42、a child like Kane one might be filled with 43 .But I believe that having a child like Kane is actually a(n) 44 .The parents of such special babies are angels too，just as the babies are.语 篇 解 读 作 者 通 过 邻 居 一 家 人 照 顾 残 疾 孩 子 的 故 事 说 明 ：爱 能 战 胜 一 切 。25A.problem BreasonCmatter Dpressure答案 B解析 最近我理解了爱的意义
43、。原因是。problem 问题；reason 原因，理由；matter 问题；pressure 压力。故选 B。26A.hands BeyesClegs Darms答案 C解析 从下文的“Kane used his hands to move about”可知，凯恩天生腿有毛病。故选 C。27A.effect BcommentCdemand Dlook答案 A解析 have an effect on sth.固定搭配，对有影响。故选 A。28A.similar BwonderfulCpractical Dfair答案 B解析 由空后的“拥抱这个特殊的孩子”可推知前面应该填一个褒义词。故选 B。
44、29A.irregular BdifficultCdifferent Dterrible答案 C解析 作者见到一个了不起的家庭，一个不愿意让孩子知道他与别人不同的家庭。故选C。30A.go ahead Bspeed upCturn out Dget around答案 D解析 给他儿子造了一个手推车让他四处移动。故选 D。31A.invited BallowedCadvised Dcaused答案 B解析 车子“允许”他去任何地方。故选 B。32A.symbol BsignalCcenter Dmark答案 C解析 凯恩不仅仅是一名家庭成员，他也是这个家庭的中心。故选 C。33A.communi
45、cate BcompareCagree Dcompete答案 A解析 凯恩虽然只有两岁，但他很喜欢与人交流。故选 A。34A.reminded BunderstoodCdiscovered Dtrusted答案 B解析 这个男孩子甚至理解了人们的复杂情感。故选 B。35A.recognize BexperienceCimagine Drealize答案 D解析 后来我逐渐意识到上帝派这个孩子来帮助我们中的一些不知道爱是什么的人。故选D。36A.and BorCbut Das答案 C解析 凯恩需要关注，但是不仅是因为他的行动困难和其他明显的缺陷，这里表示转折关系。故选 C。37A.challen
46、ges BexpectationsCpromises Dchances答案 A解析 前面已经提到了 challenges or other apparent shortcomings。故选 A。38A.goal BresultCpossibility Dtruth答案 D解析 事实是因为他活着，他是真实存在的，而且他带给别人很多而得到了大家的注意。故选 D。39A.touched BstoppedCcaught Dkept答案 A解析 凯恩深深地触动了我。故选 A。40A.puzzled BshockedCamused Dinspired答案 D解析 他拒绝与众不同的能力激励了我。puzzle
47、 使困惑；shock 使震惊；amuse 使开心，逗笑；inspire 激励。故选 D。41A.even ByetCstill Dalmost答案 C解析 凯恩过去是，现在仍然是。故选 C。42A.lesson BsubjectCnotice Dskill答案 A解析 冒号后面的内容“Love surpasses all things.”是作者要讲的道理。故选 A。43A.excitement BdeterminationCanger Danxiety答案 D解析 我能想象到，有像凯恩这样的孩子的家长内心可能也充满了焦虑。故选 D。44A.ability BadvantageCproblem
48、Dexception答案 B解析 但是我相信，有这样的孩子也是一个优势。故选 B。.语法填空Recently a really strange thing happened in a middle school in Chinas Hubei Province.Over 600 students at the school took part in a “caring for an egg like a baby”45. (active)，in which they were asked to keep an egg close at hand for a month 46. breaking it.“Its hard for parents to bring up their children 47. many students just
