1、Period Four Grammar Review of the passive voice感知课文原句，完成方框下的小题1In Europe，where it began，carnival was followed by forty days without meat.2As time passed，however，the carnival period was extended，so that it began just after Christmas.3Men were not allowed to wear masks at night；and they were not allow
2、ed to dress up as women.4Today ，carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.1以上句中，句 1、2、3 用了一般过去时的被动语态。2句 4 用了一般现在时的被动语态。一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被” 、 “受” 、 “给”等词来表示被动意义。二、被动语态
3、的各种时态形式时态 被动语态一般现在时 am/is/aredone一般将来时 will/shall/be going to/be tobedone现在进行时 am/is/arebeingdone一般过去时 was/weredone现在完成时 have/hasbeendone过去完成时 hadbeen done将来完成时 will/shallhavebeendone过去进行时 was/werebeingdoneThe classroom is cleaned by us every day.教室每天都由我们打扫。(一般现在时的被动语态 )The school sports meeting wil
4、l be held next week.校运动会将在下星期举行。(一般将来时的被动语态)The road is being repaired by construction workers.建筑工人正在修路。(现在进行时的被动语态 )The letter was typed on the computer.这封信是用电脑打出来的。(一般过去时的被动语态)So far my thesis has been completed.到目前为止我的论文已经完成了。(现在完成时的被动语态)The room had been broken into before we came.我们来之前已经有人强行闯入了
5、这个屋子。(过去完成时的被动语态)The design will have been done by the end of this week.这个设计在本周末会被做完。(将来完成时的被动语态)The room was being painted when I left.我离开时，房间正在被粉刷。(过去进行时的被动语态)注意 1.情态动词的被动结构：情态动词be过去分词。The baby should be taken good care of by the babysitter.这个孩子应该受到保姆的精心照顾。2 “get过去分词”也可表示被动语态。He was knocked down b
6、y a car and got killed.他被一辆车撞死了。三、不用于被动语态的情况1一些动词或短语不能用于被动语态：come true，consist of，take place， happen，become ，rise，occur，break out，appear，arrive，die，fall，exist，fail，succeed，agree with，belong to，have on，keep up with，lose heart 等。The meeting takes place next Monday.会议下周一举行。The war broke out in 1937.战争爆
7、发于 1937 年。2表示状态的动词：benefit，cost，contain，equal，fit，fail ，have，lack ，last，mean，seem，resemble，suit，belong to，look like 等也不能用于被动语态。This room belongs to me.这房子属于我。It lacks the power of the Italian cars.它没有意大利轿车动力强劲。四、主动语态表示被动意义的几种情况1lock，open，shut，move，read，sell，wash ，write 等动词，可用来说明主语的内在“品质”或性能，在句中常用主动形
8、式表达被动意义。这种词后常有副词修饰。The door doesnt open easily.这个门不容易开。The new product sells well.这个新产品很畅销。2feel，look，sound，smell，taste ，prove，remain 等系动词，用主动形式表达被动意义。The soup smells good but tastes terrible.这种汤闻起来不错，但太难喝了。3need，want，require 等动词以及形容词 worth 后面，常跟动词 ing形式，用主动形式表达被动意义。This dictionary is well worth buy
9、ing.这本字典非常值得购买。4easy ，difficult，hard，heavy 等形容词后面跟动词不定式，用主动形式表达被动意义。What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.将来的生活如何很难预测。5be to blame 或 be to let 也是主动形式表示被动意义。He is to blame for the broken window.因为打破了窗户他应该受到责备。.单句语法填空1My washing machine is being repaired(repair) this week，so I h
10、ave to wash my clothes by hand.(2018天津)2A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped(trap) in the mountains for two days.(2018北京)3I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan had been carried(carry) out in the past two years.(2018江苏)4When fat and s
11、alt are removed(remove) from food， the food tastes as if it is missing something.(2017全国)5Steam engines were used(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers， with all the smoke and noise.(2017全国)6Sarah has been told/was told(tell) that she could be Britains
12、 new supermodel，earning a million dollars in the next year.(2017全国)7He hurried home，never once looking back to see if he was being followed(follow)(2017江苏)8I was allowed (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre.(2016全国).单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )9About one month after this photo w
13、as I entered my second year of high school and tooktakenbecame a new member of the school music club.(2017全国，短文改错)10Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are for cooking.usingused(2015全国，短文改错)11Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very
14、 serious problem.(2015全国，短文改错).单句语法填空1Tai Chi is called(call) “shadow boxing” in English.2He is hurt (hurt)，and hes too heavy for me.3Her mother was excited.“Your father has at least decided to stop smoking， ” Jane was informed(inform)4Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement has been reach
15、ed(reach) so far by the two sides.5All the discoveries in human history have been made (make) as a result of curiosity.6The machine is equipped(equip) with securing cameras and alarms.7For thousands of years，the festival has been marked (mark) by eating zongzi and racing dragon boats in honour of Qu
16、 Yuan.8Now college graduates are encouraged(encourage) to start their own business，which sounds really good for us.9He goes to a Buddhist monk for advice and expects to be told(tell) how to live a more simple life.10A lot of attention is being paid(pay) to greenhouse gas emission.Look at those poste
17、rs for environmental protection.完成句子11These apples taste good (尝起来很好吃)and sell well(卖得很好 )12Cleaning workers in big cities usually get paid(获得报酬 ) by the hour.13In my school，only few students are admitted into/to (录取) Beijing University.14A new building is being built( 正在被建)now and is expected to op
18、en on October 1.15The house which his grandmother lives in needs repairing/to be repaired(需要维修) 16He finally got a job in the factory but he was made to work all day long(整天工作)17A lot of money has been raised(筹集) since the news came out.18The products were so attractive that they were sold out(卖光) i
19、n no time.19The project should be finished(应该完成) as soon as possible.20Every possible means has been tried(已经被尝试) by the company to improve its production.基础巩固.单句语法填空1Linda ，make sure the tables are set(set) before the guests arrive.2The letters for the boss were put(put) on the desk but he didnt re
20、ad them until three days later.3You made a serious mistake and you are to blame (blame)4The workers were made to work(work) day and night.5In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut(cut)6It is reported that a space station will be built(build) on
21、 the moon in years to come.7I am so sorry，but sometimes the bus can be delayed (delay) by some problems.8The library was being built(build) last October.Im not sure if it is completed now.9More expressways will be built(build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.10To my delight，I was chosen
22、(choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.完成句子11A new teaching building will be built in our school next year.明年我们学校要建造一座新的教学楼。12Before you leave the classroom，the door and windows should be closed.在你离开教室之前，应该关上门和窗户。13All the work has been finished by now.到现在为止所有的工作都已经做完了。1
23、4As we know ，all the regulations in school must be kept/obeyed.我们都知道，学校的一切规章都必须遵守。15There s a crowd of people over there.Go and see what is being sold.那边有一群人，去看看在卖什么。16If you work hard，your dream will come true .如果你努力学习，你的梦想将会实现。17Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years.过
24、去十年我的家乡发生了很大的变化。18Your computer requires repairing/to be repaired.你的电脑需要修理了。19The homework is easy to do and we can finish it in half an hour.这个家庭作业很容易做，我们可以半小时完成。20This brand of clothes should sell well.这种牌子的衣服应该销路很好。.把下列句子转换为被动语态21She will take good care of the children.The children will be taken
25、good care of by her.22They are repairing the car in the garage.The car is being repaired in the garage by them.23The wind blew down the big tree last night.The big tree was blown down by the wind last night.24The little girl has learned over 3,000 words up to now.Over 3,000 words have been learned b
26、y the little girl up to now.25They must take some measures to protect the old town.Some measures must be taken to protect the old town.能力提升.阅读理解Some people will do just about anything to save money.And I am one of them.Take my familys last vacation for example.It was my sixyearold sons winter break
27、from school，and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip.The flight was overbooked，and Delta，the airline，offered us 400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.I had meetings in New York，so I had to get back.But that didnt mean my husband and my son c
28、ouldnt stay.I took my ninemonthold and took off for home.The next day， my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight.Yes，I encouragedokay，orderedthem to wait it out at the airport to “earn” more Delta Dollars.Our total take： 1,600.Not bad，huh?Now some people may think Im
29、a bad mother and not such a great wife either.But as a bigtime bargain hunter，I know the value of a dollar.And these days，a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.Ive made a living looking for the best deals and exposing(揭露) the worst tricks.I have been the consumer reporter of NBCs
30、Today show for over a decade.I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade：A Consumer Survival Guide.And I really do what I believe in.I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your moneys worth.Im also tightfisted when it comes to shoes，clothes for my children
31、，and expensive restaurants.But I wouldnt hesitate to spend on a good haircut.It keeps its shape longer，and its the first thing people notice.And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture.Quality lasts.语 篇 解 读 本 文 作 者 通 过 讲 述 自 己 和 家 人 乘 飞 机 的 经 历 说 明 如 何 明 智 地 花 钱 。26Why did Delta give the a
32、uthors family credits?AThey took a later flight.BThey had early bookings.CTheir flight had been delayed.DTheir flight had been cancelled.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第五句“The flight was overbooked，and Delta，the airline，offered us 400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.”可知答案。27What
33、 can we learn about the author?AShe rarely misses a good deal.BShe seldom makes a compromise.CShe is very strict with her children.DShe is interested in cheap products.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句“But as a bigtime bargain hunter，I know the value of a dollar.And these days，a good deal is something few of
34、us can afford to pass up.”可知，作者自称是一个一流的杀价者，并且说一笔好的交易是很少有人能够拒绝的，因此作者不会错过一笔好买卖的，故答案为 A 项。28What does the author do?AShes a teacher.BShes a housewife.CShes a media person.DShes a businesswoman.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“I have been the consumer reporter of NBCs Today show for over a decade.”可知，作者是一位媒体工作者。29
35、What does the author want to tell us?AHow to expose bad tricks.BHow to reserve airline seats.CHow to spend money wisely.DHow to make a business deal.答案 C解析 写作意图题。纵观全文，尤其是第一段和最后一段可知，作者是省钱一族，但并非不愿意花钱，而是对不同产品采取不同决策，这说明了作者花钱的明智，故答案为 C 项。.完形填空When I was in the 8th grade in Ohio，a girl named Helen in my c
36、lass had a terrible accident.As she was 30 to the bus in order not to miss it，she slipped on some ice and fell under the back wheels of the bus.She 31 the accident，but was paralyzed(瘫痪)from the waist down.I went to see her， in my 13yearold 32 thinking she wouldnt live 33 from then on.Over the years，
37、I moved and didnt 34 much about Helen after that.Three years ago，in Florida，my oldest son was hit by a car while riding his bike，causing a terrible brain(脑) 35 .While I was looking after my son，a lady who said she was the hospitals social worker 36 .It was a particularly annoying day.I 37 tears for
38、no reason and hang up.A short time later，a beautiful woman，in a wheelchair， 38 into my sons room with a box of tissues(纸 巾 ) After 16 years， I still recognized Helen.She smiled， handed me the tissues and 39 me.I told her who I was，and after we both got through the 40 of that， she began to tell me ab
39、out her life since we last saw each other.She had married，had children and gotten her degree so that she could 41 the path for those who were less 42 than her.She told me that if there was 43 she could give me，it would be 44 .Looking at this wonderful， 45 person， I felt small.But I also felt the fir
40、st hope I had 46 since learning that my son was hurt.From this person that I thought would have 47 quality of life， I learned that 48 there is life，there is hope.My son luckily 49 and we moved back north，but I owe Helen a debt that I can never repay.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的儿子因车祸而受伤，作者很难过，同样遭遇过车祸的儿时同学
41、Helen 的生活态度感染了作者，给了作者希望。30A.getting BgoingCrunning Dwalking答案 C解析 Helen 为了不错过公交车，她跑了过去，却滑倒在车轮下。 run 最能体现她很赶时间。故 C 项正确。31A.escaped BsurvivedChated Dmet答案 B解析 escape 逃脱；survive 幸存；hate 讨厌；meet 遇见。Helen 从事故中幸存了下来，但腰部以下瘫痪了。故 B 项正确。32A.heart BheadCmemory Dmind答案 D解析 在 13 岁的“我”的心中， “我”认为她再也无法正常生活。in ones
42、mind 在某人的心中。故 D 项正确。33A.normally BsurprisinglyCformally Dcommonly答案 A解析 normally 正常地；surprisingly 令人惊讶地；formally 正式地；commonly 普通地。她腰部以下都瘫痪了，作者认为她再也无法正常生活。故 A 项正确。34A.care BtalkCthink Dforget答案 C解析 care 关心；talk 谈论； think 想，思考；forget 忘记。过去几年里，作者搬家了，很少再会想起 Helen。35A.damage BlossCinfluence Dinjury答案 D解析
43、 hurt(心灵) 创伤；loss 损失； influence 影响；injury(意外事故造成的)伤，损伤。作者的大儿子骑自行车时被车撞到，造成了严重的脑损伤。故 D 项正确。36A.came BcalledCappeared Dspoke答案 B解析 由下文的 hang up 可知，此处指一位自称是医院社工的女士打来电话。故 B 项正确。37A.brought into Bbrought outCburst into Dburst out答案 C解析 burst into tearsburst out crying 突然哭起来。38A.rolled BlookedCran Dclimbed
44、答案 A解析 根据空前的“in a wheelchair”可知用动词 roll，指轮椅滚动着进来了。故 A 项正确。39A.comforted BgreetedCpleased Dhugged答案 D解析 comfort 安慰；greet 问候； please 取悦，使高兴；hug 拥抱。Helen 微笑着把纸巾递给作者并拥抱了作者。故 D 项正确。40A.surprise BshockCsadness Dhappiness答案 B解析 surprise 惊讶；shock 震惊； sadness 悲伤；happiness 幸福。 “我”告诉她“我”是谁，“我们”都没有想到多年以后“我们”还能在
45、这种情况下见面，都很震惊。故 B 项正确。41A.find BclearCcreate Dsmooth答案 D解析 find 发现；clear 清理； create 创造；smooth 抚平，使平滑。Helen 结婚生子并完成了学业，这让她能够为那些不如她幸运的人铺平道路。故 D 项正确。42A.fortunate BhappyCpainless Dpatient答案 A解析 fortunate 幸运的；happy 幸福的；painless 无痛的；patient 耐心的。Helen 现身说法，为那些不如自己幸运的人点燃前进的希望。故 A 项正确。43A.something BnothingC
46、anything Deverything答案 C解析 她告诉“我” ，如果她有能够给“我”的东西，那就是希望。永远不要丧失对生活的希望。在 if 引导的条件状语从句中用 anything。故 C 项正确。44A.future BhopeCexperience Dexpectation答案 B解析 句意见上题解析。future 未来；hope 希望；experience 经验，经历；expectation 期待。下文中的“But I also felt the first hope”也是提示。故 B 项正确。45A.easygoing BfriendlyCbig Dgiving答案 D解析 ea
47、sygoing 随和的；friendly 友好的；big 大的；giving 奉献的。看着这位极好的、富有奉献精神的人， “我”感觉自己很渺小。故 D 项正确。46A.felt BcaughtCtaken Dmissed答案 A解析 自从儿子受伤以后“我”第一次感觉到了希望。从这个“我”原以为不会再有高质量生活的人身上， “我”学会了有生命的地方就有希望。故 A 项正确。47A.little BnoCmuch Dgreat答案 B解析 根据第一段可知“我”认为 Helen 不会有正常人的生活，不会有高质量的生活。故本句使用否定词 no 连接上下文。故 B 项正确。48A.where Bonce
48、Cthough Dbecause答案 A解析 本句中 where 引导地点状语从句，表示抽象的含义，意为：有生命的地方就有希望。和“Where there is a will，there is a way(有志者，事竟成)”一样。故 A 项正确。49A.treated BworsenedCrecovered Drelieved答案 C解析 treat 对待，治疗；worsen 恶化；recover 康复；relieve 减轻，缓解。 “我”的儿子幸运地康复了， “我们”搬回了北方。由 luckily 可知此处指“康复” 。.语法填空Would you like to explore the oceans? Do you want to find 50. than we imagine there? For Jacques Cousteau， the answer was “yes”His career wa
