1、Period Four GrammarReview of verb forms(1)感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题1British English and American English are different in many ways.2Some experts believe that the two varieties are moving closer together.3Many factors have influenced American pronunciation since the first settlers arrived four hundred years
2、 ago.4Since the 1980s，with satellite TV and the Internet，it has been possible to listen to British and American English at the flick of a switch.5This international dimension suggests that in the future，there are going to be many “Englishes”，not just two main varieties.1以上句子中，句 1 用了一般现在时，表示目前存在的状态。2
3、句 2 用了现在进行时，表示目前或现阶段正在发生的动作。3句 3 和句 4 用了现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。4句 5 用了一般将来时，表示在目前看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。一、一般现在时(一)构成：主语do/does 或 am/is/are(二)用法：1表示现在发生的动作或存在的状态。He does his homework before dinner every evening.他每天晚上晚饭前做作业。2表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与often， usually，sometimes，always，everyday 等连用。She always goes t
4、here with her parents.她总是和父母一起去那儿。3表示普遍真理或客观存在的事实。The earth turns round the sun.地球绕着太阳转。4表示计划、安排好的将来动作。常用于表示位置转移的动词，如：go，come，arrive，leave ，start ，begin 等。The train for Hankou leaves at 8：00 in the morning.开往汉口的列车早上 8 点发车。5在时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.
5、请你一到德国就给我打电话。6表示(书、信、报纸、通知、牌示、广播等 )“说/ 报道” ，用一般现在时，常用动词 say。The radio says that there will be a heavy rain in the afternoon.广播预报下午有大雨。7叙述历史或在小说、戏剧中，常用一般现在时，以使其生动。Jeanne is sitting in the park.Matilda walks towards her；she stops and speaks to Jeanne.珍妮正坐在公园里。玛蒂尔达走向她，停下来和她说话。二、现在进行时(一)构成：主语be (am，is ，
6、are)doing(二)用法：1表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作。Listen！ Someone is playing the piano.听！有人在弹钢琴。2表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定进行的动作。We are studying Spanish this semester.这学期我们在学西班牙语。3表示将要发生的动作，一般跟时间状语，表明动作发生的时间。常用arrive， begin，come，go，leave ，start ，stay，stop 等非延续性动词。She is leaving for London tomorrow.她明天要去伦敦。4现在进行时可与 always，forev
7、er，continually ，constantly 等副词连用，表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作，含有抱怨、赞叹、厌倦等感情色彩。He is always asking the same question.他老是问同一个问题。三、现在完成时(一)构成：主语have/has done(二)用法：1表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。I have just cleaned my clothes.我刚洗过衣服。2表示开始于过去、持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能继续下去(也可能不继续下去) 。She has taught in the school for ten years.她在这所学校
8、教书已经 10 年了。I havent eaten anything since breakfast.我从早饭起就一直没有吃东西。3表示从过去某一时间到说话时反复发生的动作或多次动作的总和，常同频度副词always， often，seldom ，never 等连用。He has done a lot of work in the past two years.在过去两年中他做了许多工作。I have learned about two hundred English words this month.这个月我学了大约 200 个英语单词。4It is/has been一段时间 since 从句
9、It is/has been about 5 days since she left here.她离开这里大约 5 天了。It is/has been 3 years since he lived here.他不在这里生活已经三年了。5This/It is the first/second/.time that 现在完成时This is the first time that I have been here.这是我第一次来这里。6现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作。但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果或影响等；而一般过去时只表示动
10、作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系。试比较：I have lost my new book.我把新书丢了。(现在还未找到 )I lost my new book yesterday.我昨天把新书丢了。(昨天丢的，现在找到与否没说明 )四、一般将来时(一)构成：主语Error!(二)用法：一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。1shall/will动词原形。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。特别是表示客观性的事情或在某条件下临时决定去做的事情，只能用此结构。What shall we do if he doesnt come?如果他不来，我们该怎么办？2be going to
11、动词原形。表示说话者主观打算做某事，或客观迹象表明即将发生某事。They are going to move to a new house next week.他们打算下周迁入新居。Its going to rain soon.很快就要下雨了。3be to动词原形。表示按计划或正式安排将要做的事情，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等。Who is to clean the classroom today?今天该谁打扫教室了？4be about to动词原形。表示就要做或正好要做的事情。往往暗含一种时间上的巧合，因此，一般不能与具体的时间状语连用。Be quiet.The concert is
12、about to start.安静下来，音乐会就要开始了。5be现在分词。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。这个句型中主要用瞬间动词：come，go，leave，arrive ，begin ，start ，stop，close，die 等。Go ahead，and I am coming. 你先走，我就来。.单句语法填空1While running regularly cant make you live forever，the review says it is(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swi
13、mming.(2018全国)2Since 2011，the country has grown(grow) more corn than rice.(2018全国)3Chinas highspeed railways have grown(grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.(2018北京)4Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be emailing each other，for we will have developed(develop) more convenient
14、electronic communication tools by then.(2018江苏)5My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment，school comes (come) first.(2017全国)6Leaving the less important things until tomorrow is (be) often acceptable.(2016全国)7Hi，let s go skating.Sorry，Im busy right now.I am filling(fill) in an appli
15、cation form for a new job.(2014北京).单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )8When summer ，they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables! camecomes(2017全国，短文改错)9I realize how fast time flies.I grown not only physically，but also mentally in the past hadhavefew years.(2017全国，短文改错)10It is always crowded with cu
16、stomers at meal times.Some people even to wait outside.hadhave(2016全国，短文改错)11Since thenfor all these yearswe been allowing tomatoes to selfseed where they hadhaveplease.As a result，the plants are growing everywhere.(2014新课标全国，短文改错).单句语法填空1As you go through this book，you will find(find) that each of
17、the millions of people who lived through World War had a different experience.2In the last few years，China has made(make) great achievements in environmental protection.3Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.All right.I will call(call) him later.4Mr Mark is regarded(regard) as one of the mos
18、t important thinkers in the 21st century.5I have read (read) half of the English novel，and Ill try to finish it at the weekend.6If my brother comes(come) back from Beijing tomorrow， I will ask him to call you back.7I hear you are working(work) in a pub.Whats it like?Well，its very hard work and Im al
19、ways tired，but I dont mind.8This is the first time we have seen(see) a film in the cinema together as a family.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )9Its the most instructive lecture that I attended since I came to this school.hadhave10I am just my work，and it wont take long.finishfinishing11Yesterday the teacher told
20、us that all roads to Rome.ledlead12The old man has planted more than 3,000 trees since he has moved here.13To his disappointment ，no agreement has reached so far by the two sides. been14Youd better write down her phone number before you it.forgotforget15Over the last three decades，the number of peop
21、le participating in physical fitness programs increased sharply. has16They will go to see their grandma if they will have free time.基础巩固.单句语法填空1Unless some extra money is found(find)，the theatre will close.2Hurry up! The taxi is waiting(wait) for us at the gate.3If it rains(rain) tomorrow ， I will s
22、tay at home doing my homework.4Close the door of fear behind you and you will see (see) the door of faith open before you.5The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody has seen (see) them since.6Please give Jim the schedule for tomorrows conference when he comes(come) back.7They are leaving(leave) fo
23、r Shanghai next Sunday.8The oil price has gone(go) down，but I doubt whether it will remain so.9 “Life is like walking in the snow， ” Granny used to say， “because every step shows(show) ”10By the time you have finished this book，your meal will get(get) cold.完成句子11As long as it doesnt rain tomorrow，we
24、ll have a trip on schedule.只要明天不下雨，我们就按原计划旅行。12There will be a rock concert at this weekend.本周末将有一场摇滚音乐会。13The country life that he was used to has changed greatly since 2011.自从 2011 年以来，他习惯的农村生活已经发生了很大的变化。14You are always coming late and we are very angry.你总是迟到，我们很生气。15It is the first time that I h
25、ave seen such a high building.这是我第一次看到如此高的一栋建筑。16He will tell us when he receives the letter.接到信时，他会告诉我们的。17I used to drink a lot of tea but now I prefer coffee.我过去常喝茶但是现在我更喜欢咖啡。18Why are you always asking such silly questions?为什么你总是问这样愚蠢的问题？19The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound
26、.老师告诉我们，光比声音传播速度要快。20He often takes a bus to work every morning.他通常每天早晨坐公共汽车去上班。能力提升.阅读理解(2019甘肃甘谷一中高三检测)The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to di
27、scover where the key stress points are.Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and wellbeing among older people，leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive.Led by Professor Phil Blythe，the Newcastle team are developing invehicle technologies f
28、or older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.These include custommade navigation(导航) tools，night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations.Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people，particularly those living alone or in the country，driving is importan
29、t for preserving their independence，giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in
30、their driving skills.The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”Dr Amy Guo，the leading researcher on the older driver study，explains：“The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to
31、address these problems.“For example，most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly，we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined.Were looking at the
32、benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国纽卡斯尔大学的研究团队为保证老年人自行驾车从而独立生活而进行的辅助驾驶系统的研发。21What is the purpose of the DriveLAB?
33、ATo explore new means of transport.BTo design new types of cars.CTo find out older drivers problems.DTo teach people traffic rules.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后“.DriveLAB in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.”以及倒数第三段的最后“The DriveLAB is
34、helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.”可知，DriveLAB 的目的是了解老年人开车所面临的问题，并利用技术来解决这些难题。故选 C项。22Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe?AIt keeps them independent.BIt h
35、elps them save time.CIt builds up their strength.DIt cures their mental illnesses.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Phil Blythe explains：For many older people.driving is important for preserving their independence，giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”可知，在 Phil Blythe 看来
36、，驾驶能让老年人保持独立，有四处走动的自由，故选 A 项。23What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?AImprove their driving skills.BDevelop driverassist technologies.CProvide tips on repairing their cars.DOrganize regular physical checkups.答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“These include custommade navigation(导航) tools，night vision
37、systems and intelligent speed adaptations.”可知，他们在导航工具、夜视系统和速度智能调节方面进行了技术研发，来辅助年龄大的司机更好地驾驶，故选 B 项。24What is the best title for the text?AA New Model Electric CarBA Solution to Traffic ProblemsCDriving Services for EldersDKeeping Older Drivers on the Road答案 D解析 标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了老年司机年龄大了，反应迟钝了，适应不了有挑战性的路况，
38、有时也因为超速被罚款，这让他们对驾驶失去了信心。同时由于过早放弃驾驶，他们的身体健康状况和幸福感下降。研发团队致力于技术开发，来解决老年人的这些问题，让老年人可以一直“在路上”享受开车的自由和乐趣。故选 D。.完形填空A wealthy old lady decides to travel to Africa，taking her faithful old dog Cuddles along for company.One day， the dog starts chasing butterflies and before long， Cuddles discovers that hes 25
39、 .Wandering about，he notices a 26 heading in his direction with the intention of eating him for lunch.The old dog thinks， “Oh，oh! Im in deep 27 now！” Noticing some bones on the ground close by，he 28 settles down to chew on the bones with his back to the 29 leopard.Just as the leopard is about to 30
40、，the old dog exclaims loudly， “Boy，that was one delicious leopard! I 31 if there are any more around here？” Hearing this，the young leopard stops his attack in midstrike，a look of 32 comes over him and he runs back into the trees.“Whew！”says the leopard， “That was close! That dog nearly 33 me！”Meanwh
41、ile，a monkey who has been 34 the whole scene from a nearby tree decides that he can put this knowledge to good use and trade it for 35 from the leopard.So off he goes.but the old dog sees him 36 the leopard and figures that something must be up.The monkey soon catches up with the leopard，and explain
42、s that the dog is 37 and strikes a deal with the leopard.The young leopard is angry about being 38 and says， “Here，monkey，jump on my back and see whats going to happen to that 39 dog！”The old dog sees the leopard coming with the monkey on his back and thinks， “What am I going to do now？ ” But instea
43、d of 40 ， the dog sits down with his back to his attackers， 41 he hasnt seen them yet，and just when they get close enough to 42 ，the old dog says: “Wheres that darn monkey? I 43 him off an hour ago to bring me another leopard！”Life is not about holding all the good cards，but in 44 those that you hol
44、d well.语篇解读 本文是一则寓言。通过寓言故事说明了这样一个道理：生活并不是拥有一手好牌，而是玩牌的人要如何打好手中的这副牌。25A.hungry BlostCtired Dbored答案 B解析 由下文“Wandering about”可知 Cuddles 发现自己迷路了。 hungry 饥饿的；lost 迷路的；tired 疲倦的； bored 无聊的，所以选 B。26A.hunter BtravelerCleopard Dmonkey答案 C解析 由下文“with his back to the leopard”可知，它注意到了一只豹子正朝它的方向走来。hunter 猎人； tra
45、veler 旅行者； leopard 豹； monkey 猴子，所以选 C。27A.trouble BsorrowCfear Dregret答案 A解析 由上文“he notices a heading in his direction with the intention of eating him for lunch”可知，这只狗遇到了大麻烦。trouble 麻烦；sorrow 悲伤；fear 害怕； regret 后悔，所以选 A。28A.suddenly BcertainlyCexcitedly Dimmediately答案 D解析 它立即背对着逐渐靠近的豹子，开始专心地咀嚼骨头。su
46、ddenly 突然地； certainly当然；excitedly 兴奋地；immediately 立即，所以选 D。29A.approaching BwaitingCpassing Dwandering答案 A解析 由上文“heading in his direction”可知，豹子正在接近。approach 接近；wait 等待；pass 经过；wander 徘徊，所以选 A。30A.move BleaveCeat Dattack答案 D解析 由下文“Hearing this，the young leopard stops his attack in midstrike”可知，正当豹子准备
47、攻击时，这只狗大声感叹。move 移动；leave 离开；eat 吃；attack 攻击，所以选D。31A.doubt BquestionCwonder Dguess答案 C解析 这只狗大声感叹道：“嘿，真是只美味的豹子！我想知道附近还有其他的豹子吗？”doubt 怀疑；question 询问；wonder 想知道；guess 猜测，所以选 C。32A.confusion BterrorCshock Danger答案 B解析 由下文“he runs back into the trees”可知，豹子害怕了。confusion 混乱；terror 恐惧；shock 震惊； anger 愤怒，所以
48、选 B。33A.defeated BmurderedChad Ddisturbed答案 C解析 豹子以为那只狗差点儿吃了它。defeat 打败；murder 谋杀；have 吃；disturb 干扰，所以选 C。34A.reporting BperformingCwatching Djudging答案 C解析 在附近一棵树上一只目睹了一切的猴子决定把学到的知识充分利用，并以此和豹子做交易，用来保护自己免于受到豹子的侵袭。report 报告； perform 表演；watch 观看；judge 判断，所以选 C。35A.shelter BprotectionCfood Dservice答案 B解析 参考上题解析。shelter 庇护；protection 保护；food 食物；service 服务，所以选 B。36A.looking for Bheading afterCstaring at Descaping from答案 B解析 由下文“The monkey soon
