1、 2020 年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编 专题 10 完形填空夹叙夹议文 一、2020 年高考真题 1. 【2020全国卷 I】 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, theyll want to go ou
2、tside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting its 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door. I hate lying to the kids. One day theyll 47 and discover that everything theyve always known about windows is a 48 . I wonder if 49 shou
3、ld always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51 that the lie were telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical(比喻) meanings. Im telling them they cant open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical d
4、oor, like an opportunity(机会) of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, What if it isnt a door? That is, What if it isnt a 57 opportunity? Maybe its an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldnt lie to my kids. I should just 59 repeatedly havi
5、ng to say, No. We cant go outside now. Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they wont 60 to open them and walk through. 41Arelief Btarget Creason Dcase 42Aadmit Bbelieve Cmean Drealize 43Agradually Bconstantly Ctemporarily Dcasually 44Aresult Bdanger Cmethod Dtru
6、th 45Amerely Bslightly Chardly Dpartly 46Areviewing Bapproving Creceiving Dattempting 47Awin out Bgive up Cwake up Dstand out 48Adream Blie Cfantasy Dfact 49Aparents Btwins Ccolleagues Dteachers 50Arestrictions Bexplanations Cdifferences Dconsequences 51Ademand Bfear Cdesire Ddoubt 52Aphysical Bbiol
7、ogical Cspiritual Dbehavioral 53Atraditional Bimportant Cdouble Doriginal 54Alife Btime Creply Dhistory 55Aby comparison with Bin addition to Cregardless of Dinstead of 56Aget hold of Bstare at Cknock on Dmake use of 57Areal Btypical Csimilar Dlimited 58Asafety rule Bcomfort zone Cbottom line Dtop s
8、ecret 59Adelay Bregret Cenjoy Daccept 60Ahurry Bdecide Chesitate Dintend 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者以现实中的门,引申出生活中的“门”,从而探讨了一种教育理念。 作者认为家长们不要害怕告诉孩子们真相,这样,孩子们才可以在生活的道路上,不再被各种“进退两难” 所困扰,从而抓住机遇,勇往直前。 41C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:原因是明显的。A. relief安慰; B. target目标;C. reason原因;D. case 情况。根 据下文 If we 42 it is a door, theyll want to go
9、 outside_43.可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以这里 意思是“原因是明显的”。故选 C。 42A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果我们承认它是一扇门,他们就会不断地想出去。A. admit 承认;B. believe 相信;C. mean 意味着;D. realize 意识到。下文 theyll want to go outside_43.说他们就会经常想出去,那必然 是作者承认了它是一扇门。故选 A。 43B 考查副词词义辨析。句意:如果我们承认它是一扇门,他们就会不断地想出去。A. gradually逐步地;B. constantly不断地;C temporarily临时地;
10、 D casually随便地。根据下文 I should just_59 repeatedly having to say, No. We cant go outside now. 可推测出,孩子们会不断地想出去。故选 B。 44D 考查名词词义辨析。 句意: 孩子们显然知道这个真相。 A. result结果; B. danger危险; C. method 方法; D. truth 真相。下文 But our insisting its 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.说阻止 了他们
11、无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试,和下文的 I hate lying to the kids.可知孩子们是知道真相的。故选 D。 45A 考查副词词义辨析。句意:但是,我们坚持说它只不过是一扇窗户,阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的 尝试。A. merely只不过;B. slightly轻微地;C. hardly几乎不;D. partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子们,所以轻 描淡写地说,它不过是一扇窗户而已。故选 A。 46D 考查动名词词义辨析。句意:但是,我们坚持说它只是一扇窗户,阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝 试。A. reviewing 回顾;B. approving 赞成;C. receivi
12、ng 收到;D. attempting 尝试。根据 millions of requests to open the door可知孩子们是想尝试打开门。故选 D。 47C 考查动词短语辨析。句意:有一天,他们会开始了解真相,并且发现,一直以来,他们所知道的关于窗户 的一切,是一个谎言。A. win out 最后获得成功;B. give up 放弃;C. wake up开始了解真相;D. stand out 站 出来。根据 and discover that everything theyve always known about windows is a 48.可知有一天,孩子们会开 始了解真
13、相。故选 C。 48B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:有一天,他们会开始了解真相,并且发现,一直以来,他们所知道的关于窗户 的一切,是一个谎言。A. dream梦想;B. lie谎言;C. fantasy幻想;D. fact事实。根据 I hate lying to the kids. 以及结合前文作者把门说成窗户,可知这里意思是他们所知道的关于窗户的一切,是一个谎言。故选 B。 49A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我想知道父母是否应该说出真相,无论结果如何。A. parents父母;B. twins双胞 胎;C. colleagues同事;D. teachers 老师。根据下文 to our chil
14、dren,可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应 该说出真相。故选 A。 50D 考查名词词义辨析。 句意: 我想知道父母是否应该说出真相, 无论结果如何。 A. restrictions限制; B. explanations 解释;C. differences差异;D. consequences结果。根据 theyll want to go outside_43.可知一旦我说出真相,孩 子们就总想着打开门出去,这是一种说出真相的“后果”。故选 D。 51B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我有一种强烈的害怕,害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。 A. demand 要求; B. fear害怕
15、; C. desire欲望; D. doubt怀疑。 根据 that the lie were telling is doing 52 damage to our children.和 Maybe its an unreasonable fear.可知这是让我强烈害怕的事情。故选 B。 52C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我有一种强烈的害怕,害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。 A. physical 身体的;B biological 生物的;C. spiritual心灵的;D. behavioral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行 为会让孩子们面对机会时,犹豫不前。由此可知,这是对孩子
16、们心灵上造成了伤害。故选 C。 53B 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意: 窗户和门有重要的比喻意义。 A. traditional传统的; B. important 重要的; C. double 双重的;D. original原来的。下文说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门,将会怎么样,就像某种机会,他 们不是打开门,抓住机会,而是凝视着它,想知道“假如它不是一扇门,将会怎么样”。由此可知,窗户 和门的比喻意义是非常重要的。故选 B。 54A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门,将会怎么样,就像某种机会,他们不是 打开门,抓住机会,而是凝视着它,想知道“假如它不是一扇门,将会怎
17、么样”。A. life生活;B. time 时间; C. reply回答;D. history历史。根据 Then when they come to other doors in life 可知这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的门。故选 A。 55D 考查短语辨析。句意:假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门,将会怎么样,就像某种机会,他们不是打开 门,抓住机会,而是凝视着它,想知道“假如它不是一扇门,将会怎么样”。 A. by comparison with 与 相比;B. in addition to除之外;C. regardless of不管;D. instead of而不是。对孩子们撒谎,今后,
18、孩子 们面对生活中的“门”时,会观望,而不是打开“门”。故选 D。 56B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门,将会怎么样,就像某种机会,他们不是 打开门, 抓住机会,而是凝视着它, 想知道“假如它不是一扇门, 将会怎么样”。 A. get hold of 抓住; B. stare at 凝视;C. knock on敲击(门、窗);D. make use of利用。孩子们遇到机会,不是马上抓住它,而是在考虑 很多问题。由此可知,孩子们在凝视着“机会”。故选 B。 57A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:也就是说,假如它不是一个真的机会,将会怎么样?A. real 真的;B. t
19、ypical 典型的;C. similar 相似的;D. limited 有限的。孩子们面对机会,犹豫不前,是在质疑机会的真实性。故选 A。 58C 考查名词短语词义辨析。 句意: 但是, 底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。 A safety rule 安全守则; B. comfort zone舒适带; C. bottom line 底线;D. top secret绝密的。根据 I shouldnt lie to my kids.可知这是我的底线。故 选 C。 59D 考查动词词义辨析。 句意: 我应该只是接受重复的说: “不, 我们现在不能去外面。 ”A. delay推迟; B. regret
20、 后悔;C. enjoy享受;D. accept 接受。当我告知孩子们真相时,我也不得不重复的说:“不,我们现在不能 去外面。”这是一个现实,我只能接受。故选 D。 60C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后,当他们遇到生活中的其他“门”时,或真实或比喻,他们将毫不犹豫的 打开它们, 然后走过去。 A. hurry匆忙; B. decide决定; C. hesitate 犹豫; D. intend打算。 根据 and walk through. 可知当告知孩子们真相时,孩子们将不再犹豫,大踏步向前走。故选 C。 2. 【2020全国卷 III】 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D
21、四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 41 can also drive you mad. Theyll come rushing in, 42 their handbags been stolen. Theyll 43 that they left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then 44 it had been in th
22、eir car all the time. Theyll have out half the 45 in the shop, and want the only style you dont have left in a 46 colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep 47 . I remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was 49 absolutely everyth
23、ing, nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a “regular”. After a while, she 51 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 52 , and since shed found it too much to cope with (应对), shed taken it out on 53 people. Tha
24、t taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the market. Dont take it 56 . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe shes had a row with her husband. Maybe her childs not 57 .” Always water it down and dont let your ego (自我) get 58 . If you do, you wont be able to 5
25、9 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyones day. 41Ashopkeepers Bcustomers Csalespersons Dreceptionists 42Asaying Bpretending Cguessing Dreplying 43Aagree Bpromise Cimagine Dswear 44Aforget Bdecide Cdiscover Dassume 45Afoods Bcatalogues Cbelongings Dgoods 46Apart
26、icular Bdifferent Cmatching Dnatural 47Afighting Bsmiling Cwaiting Dchanging 48Agenerous Bpolite Ccareless Ddifficult 49Acurious about Bdispleased with Cpatient with Duncertain about 50Arelaxed Bdelighted Csurprised Dembarrassed 51Asearched Bargued Cprayed Dapologized 52Aby chance Bby herself Con pu
27、rpose Don duty 53Arude Bsuch Cother Dlonely 54Alesson Btrick Cskill Dtrade 55Awork Bshop Cmeet Dquarrel 56Akindly Bsecretly Cpersonally Dcasually 57Aready Baway Cup Dwell 58Aout of sight Bin the way Cbehind the scene Dabove the law 59Astress Bexpect Chandle Dblame 60Aruins Bmakes Cstarts Dsaves 这是一篇
28、夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人,遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客,而有一个难缠的顾客, 一开始对每件事都不满意,结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者,是因为自己和丈夫分居了,于是把气 撒到其他人身上,这让作者学到了宝贵的一课,那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾,不然当事情发 展成不愉快的场面时,结果只会毁了每个人的一天。 41B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样,顾客也会让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers店主;B. customers 顾客;C. salespersons 售货员; D. receptionist接待员。根据上文 I care deeply about my
29、customers 可知作者是生意人,因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选 B。 42A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们会冲进来,说手提包被偷了。A. saying 说;B. pretending假装;C. guessing 猜测;D. replying 回答。结合后文 their handbags been stolen 可知此处是指说的内容应用 say。故选 A。 43D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了,搞得一团糟,然后发现它一直在他们 的车里。A. agree 同意;B. promise 承诺;C. imagine 想象;D. swear 发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里
30、,信誓旦旦 地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选 D。 44C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了,搞得一团糟,然后发现它一直在他们 的车里。A. forget忘记;B. decide决定;C. discover 发现;D. assume 假设。结合后文 it had been in their car all the time 可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室,结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选 C。 45D 考查名词词义辨析。 句意: 他们会试用商店里一半的商品, 只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。 A. foods 食物;B. catalogues 目录;C.
31、 belongings所有物;D. goods商品。结合后文 in the shops可知此处指的是商店 里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。故选 D。 46A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们会试用商店里一半的商品,只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. particular 特别的; B. different不同的; C. matching 相配的; D. natural自然的。 结合上文 the only style you dont have left in a 可知顾客试了店里一半的商品,结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色(particular)没有存货的款式。 其它选项带入不符合语境。故选 A
32、。 47B 考查动词词义辨析。 句意: 我知道店员会有多沮丧, 但我努力说服他们保持微笑。 A. fighting打架; B. smiling 微笑;C. waiting等待;D. changing 改变。结合上文可知,一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为,面对这 种情况,虽然店员会很沮丧,“但是”一词边是转折,与“沮丧”一词情感色彩相反,结合选项,B 项“微 笑”符合句意。故选 B。 48D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我还记得我们在 Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous慷慨的; B. polite礼貌的;C. careless 粗心的;D. difficul
33、t难缠的,困难的。结合后文 nothing was right可知这位顾客 对一切都不满,很难缠。故选 D。 49B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:她对每件事都很不满意,没有什么是对的,令我相当惊讶的是,她居然成了“常 客”。 A. curious about好奇; B. displeased with 对不满意; C. patient with 对有耐心; D. uncertain about 对不能肯定。结合后文 nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选 B。 50C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她对每件事都很不满意,没有什么是对的,令我相当惊讶的是,她居然成了 “常客”
34、。A. relaxed 放松的;B. delighted 高兴的;C. surprised惊讶的;D. embarrassed 尴尬的。结合上下文 可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意,但是居然成了“常客”,这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选 C。 51D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:不久,她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A. searched搜索;B. argued 争论;C. prayed 祈祷;D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠,对一切都不满,结果后来成了常客,她开始为自己一开始的 行为道歉。apologize for“为某事道歉”。故选 D。 52B 考查介词短语辨析。句意:她一周前和丈夫分居了
35、,现在一个人住在一套公寓里,因为她觉得实在难以应 付,就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance 偶然;B. by herself 她独自地;C. on purpose 故意地;D. on duty值 班。结合上文 She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了, 因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选 B。 53C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她一周前和丈夫分居了,现在一个人住在一套公寓里,因为她觉得实在难以 应付,就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude 粗鲁的;B. such 这样
36、的;C. other其他的;D. lonely寂寞的。结合上文 since shed found it too much to cope with, shed taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力,于是决定把气撒在其 他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选 C。 54A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这给我上了宝贵的一课,我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson 课程,教 训;B. trick诡计;C. skill技能;D. trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟,可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。 故选 A。 55A 考查动词词义辨析。 句意: 这给我上了宝贵的一
37、课, 我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。 A. work 工作; B. shop 购物;C. meet会面;D. quarrel 争吵。结合后文 in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选 A。 56C 考查副词词义辨析。句意:别太在意。A. kindly亲切地;B. secretly秘密地;C. personally亲自地;D. casually 随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你,要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些 事。短语 take it personally“在意,把这些放在心上”。故选 C。 57D 考查副词词义辨析。句意:也许她的孩子不太好。A.
38、ready迅速地;B. away离开;C. up向上;D. well好地。 根据上文 Maybe shes had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选 D。 58B 考查介词短语辨析。句意:一定要淡化它,不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight看不见;B. in the way妨 碍,挡道;C. behind the scene幕后;D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客, 要淡化这种不好的情绪,不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选 B。 59C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你这样做了
39、,你将无法处理它,整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面,毁了 每个人的一天。A. stress强调;B. expect 期待;C. handle 处理;D. blame 责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明 如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选 C。 60A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你这样做了,你将无法处理它,整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面,毁了 每个人的一天。A. ruins毁灭;B. makes 制作;C. starts 开始;D. saves拯救。结合上文 the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 可知一旦事情发展成不愉快
40、的场面,那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。故 选 A。 3. 【2020江苏卷】 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 36 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 37 in our lives. When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry
41、class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no 38 of knowing that his life was to change 39 . The class experiment that day was to 40 how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. 41 , the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat 42 held something more volatile (易挥发的) than
42、 water. When Wilson heated it, the container 43 , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes. When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents 44 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 45 their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as 46 . He learned braille (盲文) q
43、uickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 47 public speaker. Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from 48 for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to 49 his own fate of being b
44、lind and quite another to allow something to continue 50 it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 51 Wilson made to preventing the 52 . Wilson received several international 53 for his great contributions. He lost his sight
45、 but found a 54 . He proved that its not what happens to us that 55 our lives-its what we make of what happens. 36. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects 37. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps 38. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure 39. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. complete
46、ly 40. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare 41. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus 42. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily 43. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed 44. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed 45. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. h
47、appened to 46. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic 47. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent 48. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness 49. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept 50. A. until B. when C. unless D. before 51. A. opposition B. a
48、djustments C. commitment D. limitations 52. A. preventable B. potential C. spreadable D. influential 53. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses 54. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision 55. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits 这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外,威尔逊失明了。但是,他并没有抱怨命运的不公,而是 努力地学习,接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力,获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉 我们:成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。 36. A 考查动词词义辨析。 句意: 成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。 A. depends 依靠; B. holds 握,持有;C. keeps 保持;D. reflects反映。结合空后的介词 on 可知,仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是 不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on