1、20212021 高考高考英语复习英语复习之真题重点之真题重点词汇短语词汇短语及练习及练习（十二十二） 20192019 年全国卷年全国卷 I I 阅读理解阅读理解 D D 篇重点单词、语块篇重点单词、语块 1rosy rzi adj. 美好的 2elementary elmentri adj. 初级的；基础的 3openness pnns n. 诚实；率真；坦率 4carry over 继续存在，保持下去 5analyze nlaz vt. 分析 6conclusion knklu:n n. 结论 7come to another conclusion 得出另一个结论 8be related
2、 to positive life outcomes 与积极的生活结果有关 9be responsible for 作为的原因；成为的起因 10create opportunities for 创造的机会 11gain an advantage 获得优势 12during the rosy years of elementary school 在美好的小学时光 13doll dl n. 玩偶；玩具娃娃 14status stets n. 地位；身份 15tween twi:n n. 10 至 12 岁之间的少年 16teen ti:n n. 13 岁到 19 岁的青少年 17mean girl
3、s 刻薄的女孩 18rank rk n. 地位，级别 19smoke cigarettes 抽烟 20break rules 违反制度 21play jokes on sb. 捉弄某人 22popularity ppjulrti n. 受欢迎 23a well-explored subject 一个被人们广泛研究的课题 24clinical klnkl adj. 临床的 25a professor of clinical psychology 临床心理学教授 26category ktgri n. 类别，种类 27sort the popular into two categories 将受欢
4、迎的人分为两类 28lik(e)able lakbl adj. 讨人喜欢的 29seeker si:k(r) n. 寻找者；追求者 30quality kwlti n. 品质 31strengthen stren vt. 加强；增强；巩固 32schoolyard sku:lj:d n. 校园 33jump-start dmpstrt vt. 推动；刺激 34interpersonal ntp:snl adj. 人际关系的 35jump-start interpersonal skills 提高人际交往技巧 36tap tp vt. 开发，发掘 37employ mpl vt. 应用；运用；使
5、用 38adolescence dlesns n. 青春期；青春 39power pa(r) n. 权力 40dishonorable dsnrbl adj. 可耻的 41enviable envibl adj. 令人羡慕的 42consequence knskwns n. 结果 43engage in 从事，参加 44adolescent dlesnt n. 青少年 45survey s:ve n. 调查研究 46aggressive gresv adj. 好斗的；挑衅的 47over time 随着时间的推移 48likability lakblt n. 讨人喜欢 49adjustment
6、 dstmnt n. 调整；适应 50have the opposite effect on 对有相反的影响 课后练习（一）课后练习（一） During the rosy years of elementary school（小学）, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids.
7、They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself. Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: t
8、he likable and the status seekers. The likables plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power a
9、nd even dishonorable behavior. Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are most likely to engage（从事）in dangerous and risky behavior. In one stud
10、y, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys（调查研究）. We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were
11、 high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us. Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing, kindness, openness carry over to later years and make you
12、better able to relate and connect with others. In analyzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds
13、of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, he said. 1. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school? A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool. 2.What is the second paragraph mainly about？ A. The classification of the popular. B. The characteristics of ado
14、lescents. C. The importance of interpersonal skills. D. The causes of dishonorable behavior. 3. What did Dr. Prinsteins study find about the most liked kids? A. They appeared to be aggressive. B. They tended to be more adaptable. C. They enjoyed the highest status. D. They performed well academicall
15、y. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Be NiceYou Wont Finish Last B. The Higher the Status, the Better C. Be the BestYou Can Make It D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness 参考答案：参考答案：CABACABA 课后练习（二）课后练习（二） I am an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing thi
16、s book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others. To do this I have searched through dozens of plays to find the ones that I think best show the power and purpose of the short play. Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright(剧作家) hopes to get across through dialo
17、gue and action. A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme. It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effe
18、ctiveness of the playwright. However, a variety of types is represented here. These include comedy, satire, poignant drama, historical and regional drama. To show the versatility(多面性) of the short play, I have included a guidance play, a radio play and a television play. Among the writers of the pla
19、ys in this collection, Paul Green, Susan Glaspell, Maxwell Anderson, Thornton Wilder, William Saroyan, and Tennessee Williams have all received Pulitzer Prizes for their contributions to the theater. More information about the playwrights will be found at the end of this book. To get the most out of
20、 reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience. The houselights dim(变暗). The curtains are about to open, and in a few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story. 1.What do we know about the author from the first paragraph? A.He has written
21、dozens of plays. B.He has a deep love for the theater. C.He is a professional stage actor. D.He likes reading short plays to others. 2.What does the author avoid doing in his work? A.Stating the plays central ideas. B.Selecting works by famous playwrights. C.Including various types of plays. D.Offer
22、ing information on the playwrights. 3.What does the author suggest readers do while reading the plays? A.Control their feelings. B.Apply their acting skills. C.Use their imagination. D.Keep their audience in mind. 4.What is this text? A.A short story. B.An introduction to a book. C.A play review. D.An advertisement for a theater. 参考答案：参考答案：BACBBACB
