1、,第2讲 不等式,板块三 基础考点练透提速不失分,1.(2019武汉联考)下列命题中正确的是,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,解析 对于A选项,当c0时,不成立,故A选项错误.,当a1,b0,c1,d0时,acbd,故C选项错误.,2.已知ab0,有下列命题: 若a2b21,则ab1; 若a3b31,则ab1; 若a4b41,则ab1; 其中真命题的个数为 A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,因为a
2、2b21 ,ab0,,A.1 B.16 C.20 D.22,解析 由题意画出约束条件所表示的可行域, 如图所示(阴影部分含边界), 结合图象可知当l:2xy0平移到过点A时, 目标函数取得最大值,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,4.(2019江南十校联考)已知实数x满足 1,则函数y8x 的最大值为 A.4 B.8 C.4 D.0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,解析 画出x,y满足的可行域如图阴影部分(含边界),如图:,1
3、,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,(x,y),则ab的取值范围是,解析 因为a(3,2),b(x,y),所以ab3x2y, 设z3x2y,作出约束条件所表示的可行域, 如图阴影部分所示(含边界).,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,7.(2019柳州模拟)某公司每月都要把货物从甲地运往乙地,货运车有大型货车和小型货车两种.已知4辆大型货车与5辆小型货车的运
4、费之和少于22万元,而6辆大型货车与3辆小型货车的运费之和多于24万元.则2辆大型货车的运费与3辆小型货车的运费比较 A.2辆大型货车运费贵 B.3辆小型货车运费贵 C.二者运费相同 D.无法确定,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,解析 设大型货车每辆运费x万元,小型货车每辆运费y万元,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,作出约束条件表示的可行域如图阴影部分所示. 可知z2x3y过C(3,2)时,z最小. z23320,即2x3y.,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,1
5、6,解析 作出不等式组对应的平面区域如图阴影部分(含边界), 其中M(0,2),N(1,0). 则由图象知x0,由不等式yk(x1)1恒成立,,则z的几何意义是平面区域内的点与定点A(1,1)连线的斜率, 由图象知AN的斜率最小,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,的两个不同的点,则|MN|的最大值是,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,解析 作出可行域,为图中四边形ABCD及其内部, 由图象得A(1,1),B(5,1),C(2.5,3.5),D(1,2)四点共圆,BD为直径,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
6、,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,当直线zaxby(a0,b0)过直线y1和2xy30的交点(2,1)时,z有最小值为1,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,11.(2019湖南五市十校联考)已知正实数a,b,c满足a22ab9b2c0,则当,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,解析 由正实数a,b,c满足a22ab9b2c0,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,又因为a22
7、ab9b2c0, 所以此时c12b2,,当且仅当b1时等号成立.故最大值为1.,M内的整点(x,y)恰有3个(其中整点是指横、纵坐标都是整数的点),则m的值是 A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,解析 根据题意可知m0,又m是整数,,此时平面区域M内只有整点(0,0),(1,0),共2个,不符合题意;,此时平面区域M内只有整点(0,0),(1,0),(2,0),共3个,符合题意;,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,此时平面区域M内只有整点(0,0),(1,0),(2,0),(2
8、,1),(3,0),共5个,不符合题意; 依次类推,当m3时,平面区域M内的整点一定大于3个,不符合题意. 综上,整数m的值为2.,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,解析 作出不等式组所表示的平面区域如图中阴影部分所示(含边界), 联立直线方程可得,平移直线z2xy,由图可知, 当直线z2xy过点A时,z有最小值,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,作出可行域如图(阴影部分含边界)所示, z4x2y2t2y2的几何意义是可行域内的点P(t,y)到原点O的距离d的平方, 由图可知,当点P与点C重合时,d取最大值;d的最小值为点O到直线AB:ty10的距离,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,9,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,本课结束,