1、课时作业( 二)基础题 单词拼写1The big project has cost almost as much as one _ (十亿) dollars.答案：billion2Across the _ (地球 ), sea level varies by hundreds of feet.答案：globe3This _ (理论) is helpful to explain how the universe began.答案：theory4_ (不像) what you supposed, only few people attended his birthday party.答案：Unli
2、ke5The little boy is interested in _ (天文学)答案：astronomy6People suffering from hunger still e_ in many parts of the world today.答案：exist7Two people have been killed in the v_ incident on March 2nd.答案：violent8Smoking is h_ to health, but there are still many people picking it up.答案：harmful9Some people
3、are still p_ about how the computer works.答案：puzzled10The new owners have tried to give the restaurant a more familyfriendly a_.答案：atmosphere 选词填空give birth to, allow . to, be fundamental to, cool down, prevent . from, lay eggs, depend on, in time, now that, exist in1The warm weather here permits th
4、e birds to _ all year round.答案：lay eggs2Cant you _ your son _ getting into trouble?答案：prevent; from3Jane has just _ twins, so her mother must be in the hospital looking after her now.答案：given birth to4Choosing the right bike _ what you want to use it for.答案：depends on5It took Charles a long time to
5、_ after the argument.答案：cool down6She only _ the children _ watch television on the weekend.答案：allows; to7Honesty _ human beings.答案：is fundamental to8The problem only _ your head, Tom.答案：exists in9_ we know each other a little better, we get along fine.答案：Now that10Work hard at your lessons, and you
6、 are sure to make progress _.答案：in time 单句语法填空1The new rules make _ possible for people here to have a peaceful environment.答案：it2The festival of this year has been a great success, _ (like) the year before when it rained nonstop.答案：unlike3People of Chitian County, Japan, had been always trying hard
7、 to keep themselves from _ (hurt) by the tsunami (海啸), but unfortunately it happened.答案：being hurt4The worker earned little money a month, so he had to exist _ only instant noodles.答案：on5It is wrong to sell products that are harmful _ people.答案：to6In order to be received _ time for Christmas, all th
8、ese gifts must be mailed immediately.答案：in 单句改错1Nothing could prevent him from go out even though its raining cats and dogs._答案：gogoing2It doesnt matter that food is eaten raw or cooked._答案：thatwhether3She gave birth a cute baby yesterday._答案：birth 后加 to4It is known that 2 multiplying by 4 makes 8._
9、答案：multiplyingmultiplied5There is no harm in take exercise after dinner._答案：taketaking能力题阅读理解A“When I was a child, space was all I dreamt and talked about. My parents thought it was just a phase, but as I grew up I became greatly interested in science. I never doubted that one day Id be an astronaut
10、.” As an adult, Anousheh Ansari left her home country Iran, settled in the USA and started a company. The company was so successful that she was finally able to sell it for $750 million.“The first thing that crossed my mind was that my lifes goal might now be within reach and I signed up P1to become
11、 the first female (女性的) private space explorer at a cost of around $20 million.”Anousheh set off on September 18th along with two astronauts. On the space station, each member of a space crew ， tourist or not, is expected to carry out W1important experiments on board . For Anousheh, this meant worki
12、ng on lower back P2pains in astronauts and studying tiny life forms that can carry diseases on board the station. Many people might have considered this “working holiday” bad, but Anousheh loved it.Anousheh faced many difficulties on board. To wash her hair, for example, she had to put water over he
13、r head; however, little bits of water would float away.“The guys liked to make fun of me. Theyd ask me to pass the bread and when I handed it to them, rather than floating it, theyd say Id taken all the fun out of it. After a while, I got used to all this, though, and I felt so at home that in the e
14、nd it was hard to go back to normality .”W2Anousheh is proud to be the first female space tourist and wants to encourage women all over the world. However, she doesnt like the title “space tourist” “I think if my experience is to be compared to an experiment or an experience on Earth, it is probably
15、 closer to an adventure to Antarctica or climbing Mount Qomolangma， ” she explains.1As Anousheh was growing up, _.Ashe didnt think she would ever become an astronautBher interest in space wasnt expected to lastCshe disagreed with her parents plansDothers tried to discourage her dreams答案：B 推理判断题。根据第一
16、段前两句可推测，Anousheh 对于太空的热爱在父母看来只是一时头脑发热，不会持续太长时间。2The space crew members _.Aoften carry diseases onto the space stationBcan suffer from aches and painsCmust have a strong background in scienceDhave little time to relax答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“working on lower back pains in astronauts”可知，太空机组成员可能遭受疼痛之苦。3O
17、n the space station, _.AAnousheh did a lot of practice on breadBit seemed impossible for Anousheh to wash with waterCAnousheh liked playing games with the other astronautsDit took Anousheh some time to get familiar with the conditions答案：D 细节理解题。根据第三段尾句可知，Anousheh 在太空站过一段时间后才慢慢适应了那里的环境。4In Anoushehs
18、opinion， her experience as a space tourist _.Awill give other women the courage to explore spaceBcannot be compared to any experience on EarthCturned out to be a dangerous experimentDwas not as good as she hoped答案：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段首句可知， Anousheh 想借自己的太空旅行经历鼓励更多的女性去探索太空。W重 点 单 词1crew n. 全体机组人员2normality
19、 n. 正常状态P重 点 短 语1sign up 报名2on board 在船(火车、飞机、宇宙飞船)上BThe Mars appears to be flowing with small streams of salty water, at least in the summer, scientists reported Monday. “It suggests that it would be possible for there to be life today on the Mars， ” NASAs science mission chief, John Grunsfeld, sai
20、d at a news conference on September 28, 2015.The streams are about 12 to 15 feet wide and 300 feet or more long, scientists said. “What were dealing with is wet soil, thin layers of wet soil, not standing water， ” said Aifred McEwen of the University of Arizona at Tueson, the principal scientist for
21、 the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiters highresolution imaging experiment.Because liquid water is essential to life, the findings could have major P1implications for the possibility of Martian life. The researchers said further Wexploration is needed to determine whether microscopic life exists on the pla
22、net.The presence of liquid water could also make life easier for astronauts visiting or living on the Mars. Water could be used for drinking and for creating oxygen and rocket fuel. NASAs goal is to send humans there in the 2030s.The evidence of flowing water consists largely of dark, narrow streaks
23、 (条痕) on the surface that tend to appear and grow during the warmest Martian months and P2fade the rest of the year.The Mars is extremely cold even in summer, and the streaks are in places where the temperature is as low as minus 10 degrees Fahrenheit. But salt can lower the freezing point of water
24、and melt ice.The source (源头) of the water is a mystery. Scientists noted it could be melting ice. It could be an underground aquifer, which is rock or sand that can hold water. It is possibly water vapor from the thin Martian atmosphere. Or it may be a combination Michael Meyer, lead scientist for N
25、ASAs Mars exploration program, said the only definitive way for now to determine whether theres life on Mars is to collect rocks and soil for analysis on Earthsomething a US lander set for liftoff in 2020 will do.5According to John Grunsfeld, there seems to be _ on the Mars.Asalty water Bstanding wa
26、terCrocket fuel Dhuman beings答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Mars appears to be flowing with small streams of salty water”可知，salty water 可能存在于火星上，故 A 项正确。6Scientists are uncertain about the _ of the water on the Mars.Astate BsourceCtemperature Dtaste答案：B 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“The source (源头) of the water is a my
27、stery.”可知选 B。7What matters to the existence of liquid water on the Mars?AThe distance from the sun.BThe favorable climate.CThe gravity of the earthDThe salt in it.答案：B 细节理解题。根据文章第五、六段可知，火星上气温很低，即使夏天气温也极低，但在局部气温稍高一点的地方，会有液体水冲刷的条痕，据此可知，适宜的气候对于液体水的存在关系重大，故 B 项正确。8What would be the best title for the te
28、xt?AStreams of Water Spotted on the MarsBAstronauts will Land on the MarsCNASAs Mars Exploration ProgramDA Breakthrough in the Exploration of the Mars答案：A 标题判断题。由第一段第一句中的“The Mars appears to be flowing with small streams of salty water”以及文章的其他部分的内容可知，文章主要是围绕着火星上是否有水这一个主题来展开的，故 A 项作标题最合适。W重 点 单 词implication n. 含义，暗示P重 点 短 语1be essential to 对 极为重要；对于 必不可少2tend to 倾向于，易于，常常
