1、2019 届高考英语二轮考点解析卷（八）1、 Kong Zi, also called Confucius(551 479 B.C. ), and Socrates(469399 B.C. ) lived only a hundred years apart. During their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece, but it is interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shap
2、ed their ideas, and how these ideas in turn, shaped their societies.Neither philosopher lived in times of peaces though there were more wars in Greece than in China. The Chinese states were very large and feudal, while the Greek city-states were small and urban. The urban environment in which Socrat
3、es lived allowed him to be more radical(激进的) than Confucius. Unlike Confucius, Socrates was not asked by rulers how to govern effectively. Thus, Socrates was able to be more idealistic, focusing on issues like freedom, and knowledge for its own sake. Confucius, on the other hand, advised those in go
4、vernment service, and many of his students went on to government service.Confucius suggested the Golden Rule as a principle for the conduct of life. “Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you.” He assumed that all men were equal at birth,though some had more potential(潜能) than
5、others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart.Socrates focused on the individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom.He believed that some individuals had more potential to develop their reason than others did. Like Confucius, he believed that the superior class s
6、hould rule the inferior(下层的) classes.For Socrates, the family was of no importance, and the community of little concern. For Confucius, however,the family was the centre of society, with family relations considered much more important than political relations.Both men are respected much more today t
7、han they were in their lifetimes.1.Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?A.Socrates and Confucius had much in common.B.Confucius had much influence on Socrates ideas.C.The societies were influenced by the philosophers ideas.D.There were cultural exchanges between China and
8、Greece.2.Socrates shared with Confucius the idea that _.A.all men were equal when they were bornB.the lower classes should be ruled by the upper classC.the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdomD.people should not ask others to do what they did not want to3.What made some people different fro
9、m others according to Confucius?A.Family.B.Potential.C.Knowledge.D.Community.4.This passage is organized in the pattern of _.A.time and eventsB.comparison and contrastC.cause and effectD.definition and classification2、 On a college camping trip, curiosity about waves and sand caused Rob Thieler to s
10、tudy shorelines around the world. Thirty years later and now a U.S. Geological Survey research geologist, Thieler, is combining science and smartphone technology to help study an endangered bird, the Atlantic.Coast piping plover.The piping plover is a shorebird that breeds(繁殖)along the Atlantic Coas
11、t, the Great Lakesand the Great Plains. Rising sea levels associated with climate change, as well as increased development in their beach habitats(栖息地), threaten the species(物种). To help track changes in piping plover habitats, Thieler developed a free app called iPlover in 2012. This is a marked ch
12、ange from the typical way scientists collect data, which involves gathering information using specialized equipment or writing in notebooks and then putting into spreadsheets.Since releasing iPlover, scientists have gathered data across 1500 km of breeding range. Thatequals about a third of the dist
13、ance across the U.S., which is a large area to cover for only two thousand breeding pairs of piping plovers on the east coast. Instead of having to travel and spend days at each site, a number of cooperators in the field use the app to collect and send data, allowing scientists to gather data more e
14、fficiently. It also allows them to collect data at the same time during each breeding season, providing a better picture of changes that happen over longer periods of time. And fast, centralized access means scientists can look at data quickly to get a real-time idea of where and how piping plovers
15、are using their habitats.While iPlover is used by trained field staff, other apps like the U. S. Geological Surveys web-based “iCoastDid the Coast Change?” invite citizen scientists to identify coastal changes by comparing birds-eye-view photographs taken before and after storms. All the information
16、 scientists and citizen scientists alike collect helps federal and state agencies create policy plans for addressing climate change impacts (影响) worldwide.1.What can we know about the piping plover?A.Its behaviour is changing.B.Its habitat is growing bigger.C.Its living environment is becoming worse
17、.D.Its breeding is limited to the Atlantic Coast.2.Why did Thieler develop iPlover?A.To study shorelines across America.B.To advance information technology.C.To find out global climate change.D.To monitor changes of piping plover habitats.3.Which of the following benefits the shorebirds?A.The campin
18、g equipment.B.Research on smartphones.C.The changeable coast.D.Progress in technology.4.What would be the best title of the text?A.Protecting Endangered ShorebirdsB.Rob Thieler, a Creative ScientistC.IPlover, Tool for Training Field StaffD.Differences Between IPlover and ICoast3、Welcome to Holker Ha
19、ll or that they become aware of gases going out of the earth. Another belief is that animals are very much in tune with Earths magnetic field, so they detect electrical signals caused by electromagnetic field changes, causing them to pay attention to the warning that an earthquake is about to happen
20、.The United States Geological Survey states that there has been no concrete evidence for the fact that animals behavior has a relationship with the occurrence of an earthquake. _American experts on earthquakes are also skeptical. They think that animals may have strange behavior at any time clue to
21、other reasonsbecause they are hungry,are defending their “countries”,or are about to face a dangerous situation. _They continue to follow the “anecdotal evidence”. The hope is that one day what they have learned will prove to be extremely useful in predicting earthquakes more accurately, thus saving
22、 millions of lives.A. Exactly what animals have sensed cant be fully understood.B. The connection between them has never been scientifically made.C. Other researchers around the world, however, have not given up on the idea.D. It is necessary to know if the animals behavior is an advanced warning si
23、gnal.E. Records of similar animals foretelling of earthquakes have surfaced ever since.F. Wild creatures also show various kinds of abnormal reactions before earthquakes.G. Perhaps this sense that some animals appear to have can protect us from natural disasters.6、A Heroic DriverLarry works with Tra
24、nsport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was 1 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 2 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 3 he got closer, he found 4 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 5 shooting out from under the 6 vehicle. Larry pulled o
25、ver, set the brake and 7 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.The man who had his bright lights on 8 and told Larry he had 9 an emergency call. They 10 heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 11 the vehicle, they saw that a w
26、oman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 12 until the emergency personnel arrived, 13 she thought the car was going to 14 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 15 she injured her neck. Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry
27、and the other man 16 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 17 if he was needed or 18 to go. They let him and the other man go. One thing is 19 Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 20 most likely saved the womans life.1.A.walking B.tour
28、ing C.traveling D.rushing2.A.passengers B.colleagues C.employers D.customers3.A.Since B.Although C.As D.If4.A.each B.another C.that D.his5.A.flames B.smoke C.water D.steam6.A.used B.disabled C.removed D.abandoned7.A.got hold of B.prepared C.took charge of D.controlled8.A.came down B.came through C.c
29、ame in D.came over9.A.returned B.received C.made D.confirmed10.A.then B.again C.finally D.even11.A.Starting B.Parking C.Passing D.Approaching12.A.quiet B.still C.away D.calm13.A.for B.so C.and D.but14.A.explode B.slip away C.fall apart D.crash15.A.as if B.unless C.in case D.after16.A.stepped forward
30、 B.backed off C.moved on D.set out17.A.woman B.police C.man D.driver18.A.forbidden B.ready C.asked D.free19.A.for certain B.for consideration C.reported D.checked20.A.patience B.skills C.efforts D.promise7、 Frank was a bright but lazy boy. The first time Frank saw an hourglass, he was very much inte
31、rested and asked _. it was. Seeing that it was a good chance to give his son a lesson, his mother explained, “An hourglass _(make) in the shape of the figure 8. The sand is put in one end, and runs through a small hole in the middle. The sand _(store) in the glass will go through in an hour.“Frank w
32、atched the sand running slowly and became _(patient). “Let me shake the hourglass to help the sand run _(fast), Mom,” he said. “It will never get through. ”“It will, my son,” said his mother. “The sand moves by slowly, _ it movies all the time, grain by grain. It never stops _(think) how much it has
33、 to do, and how long itll take. Actually, the sand in the hourglass runs through 24 times a day.“Now, Franks mother wanted him to learn _ poem,but he said,“Mom, I cant.“ “Do as the sand in the hourglass does,” said his mother._(follow) his mother s advice, Frank studied line after line. And in one h
34、our and a half he knew the poem _(perfect).8、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线() 划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起) 不计分。My classmates and I decide to do something for our co
35、ming graduation. After the heated discussion, we agreed on making a video to record their school life experiences.Material collecting took us a whole weekwe interviewed our teachers or took pictures of almost every aspect of our school life. Edit the interview videos and pictures were tough. We deba
36、ted about what to put into the video. Some compromises and arguments were unavoidable, but the video turned out to be perfectly. Several days later, when the video played at the graduation ceremony, it was well received. The students and teachers had a great time. That surely gave us a great sense o
37、f achievements.9、假定你是李华,你校美国交换生 John 喜欢中国传统文化,你决定邀请他一起参加学校将举办的唐诗吟诵晚会.请给他写封邮件内容包括:1.时间地点2.晚会目的3.你的希望参考词汇 recitation n. 吟诵注意: 1.词数 100 词左右2.可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯3.开头和结尾已为你写好不计入总词数Hi John,Best wishes,Li Hua答案以及解析1 答案及解析：答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.C; 4.B解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句后半句中的“and how these ideas in turn, shaped their
38、 societies”可知 C 项正确。2.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Like Confucius, he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior(下层的) classes.”可知选 B。3.细节理解题。根裾文章第三段第三句中的“.and that it was knowledge that set men apart.”可知选 C。4.篇章结构题。本文主要通过比较和对比来阐述两位伟大哲学家孔子与苏格拉底的哲学思想对社会的影响及其思想观点的相似与不同。故 B 项正确。2 答案及解析：答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.
39、D; 4.A解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Rising sea levels associated with climate change,as well as increased development in their beach habitats,threaten the species. ”可知,与气候变化相关的海平面上升以及在它们海滩栖息地的开发,威胁这个物种。由此推测笛鸻的生活环境变得糟糕。2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To help track changes in piping plover habitats,Thieler developed a free app
40、called iPlover in 2012. ”可知,他开发这个 app 的目的是为了追踪笛鸻的栖息地的变化。3.推理判断题。文章的第三段中提到使用这种 app,科学家快速获得笛鸻在哪里栖息以及如何使用栖息地的实时数据。由此可知科技进步对这些鸟有益。4.主旨大意题。文章讲述了美国的一个科学家把科学与智能技术结合在一起,帮助研究濒危鸟类,所以 A 项可作为文章的小标题。 B、C、D 三项虽然在文章中提到,但是以偏概全,不能说明文章的主旨。3 答案及解析：答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.D解析：文章为旅游指南。文章主要介绍了去 Holker Hall 2.B; 3.A; 4.A解析：1.本文讲述的
41、是人类对于动物的圈养问题,给动物带来了很多的伤害。建议我们不要再支持动物园的这样的做法。推理题。根据文章第四段 The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise.可知这样的动物通常在精神上和身体都受到摧残的。都很不开心。故 B 正确。2.推理题。根据文章第四段 A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept
42、 in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.可知这样的一些动物的情况都很反常,和在大自然里的情况完全不一样。故 B 正确。3.推理题。作者主要描述了动物园圈养动
43、物的不好的地方,建议我们不要再支持动物园这样的行为。故 A 正确。4.推理题。作者在组织本文的时候,主要通过指出动物园的做法的错误来告诉我们动物园做法的不妥之处。故 A 正确。5 答案及解析：答案：E; F; A; B; C解析：语篇解读本文是一篇说明文动物能预测地震的说法已经存在了好几个世纪了,但这个说法目前还没有得到证实。答案解析1. E 上文提到历史学家记载公元前 373 年,一些动物在地震发生的前几天离开了希腊 Helice:下文谈到了 fish、chickens 以及 dogs and cats 在地震来临前的反常行为由此可知 E 项能够有效连接上下文。2. F 上段谈到家禽和宠物在
44、地谋来临前的反常行为下文谈到了蟾蜍和蛇.和 F 项的 Wild creatures 相吻合,F 项“野生动物在地震前也会表现出各种各样的异常反应”符合语境。3. A 本句是段首句,根据下文谈到的 Some theories are that they feel movements, or weak “shocks“ in the earth before humans do; or that they become aware of gases going out of the earth. 知本段在猜测动物在地震来临之前做出这些反常反应的原因,故 A 项符合语境。4. B 根据上文的 no
45、concrete evidence for the fact that animals behavior has a relationship with the occurrence of an earthquake 以及下文的 also skeptical 可知,动物的反常行为和发生地震之间的关系没有得到科学的论证,故答案为 B 项。5. C 根据下文的 continue to follow 可知和 C 项的 not given up on the idea 相吻合,故选择 C 项。6 答案及解析：答案：1.C; 2.C; 3.C; 4.B; 5.A; 6.D; 7.A; 8.D; 9.C;
46、 10.A; 11.D; 12.B; 13.D; 14.A; 15.C; 16.B; 17.B; 18.D; 19.A; 20.C解析：1.本文是一篇记叙文主要介绍了 Larry 在送货回来的路上遇到了一辆着火的汽车。他不顾个人安危, 勇敢地拿起灭火器去救火,灭火后他才发现原来汽车里还有幸存的人员,他的行为挽救了他人的生命。考查动词辨析及语境理解。Walk 走路;tour 旅行;travel 旅游,行进;rush 冲。根据下文中 Larry pulled over 可知故事发生的时候他在沿着公路行驶。故选 C。2.考查动词辨析及语境理解。passengers 乘客;colleagues 同事;
47、employers 雇主;customers 顾客; 根据首句 Larry works with Transport Drivers Inc.可知他是送货司机 ,由此推断他应该是在给客户送完货后回去的路上。故选 D。3.考查连词辨析及语境理解。Since 自从,由于;Although 尽管;As “当时候;If 如果;根据语境判断当他走近的时候,他又发现了另一辆汽车。故选 C。4.考查代词辨析及语境理解。Each 每个;another 另一个; that 那个;his 他的;根据前句Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on,可知当时有一辆
48、亮着大灯的车,由此判断他又发现一辆损毁的汽车。故选 B。5.考查名词辨析及语境理解。根据第一段末句 the fire was put out 可知当时汽车是着火了。Flame 火苗 ;smoke 烟;water 水;steam 蒸汽。故选 A。6.考查形容词词辨析及语境理解。根据第二段中 a womens voice coming from the wrecked vehicle,可知汽车是毁坏了的,used 使用;disabled 残废的;removed 被移除了的;abandoned 被遗弃的。故选 B。7.考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可知他下车去灭火。Get hold of 拿起;prepare 准备;take charge of 负责;control 控制。故选 A。8.考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据 and told
