1、必修1,Unit 1 Lifestyles,-3-,高频词汇,难点句型,1.matter n.物质;要紧事;毛病(与定冠词连用,做表语或定语) v.要紧;有重大关系 高考佳句 But no matter how rich they were,Dawson was never comfortable.但是不管他们多么富裕,Dawson从来都不舒服。(2018全国卷,阅读理解B篇) It doesnt matter(+从句).()没关系。 as a matter of fact事实上;实际上;其实 no matter who (what,where,when,how,which,whether.)
2、不管谁(什么,哪儿,什么时候,怎么,哪一个,是否) be a matter of (doing) something取决于(做)某事,就那件事而论(关于那一点) to make matters worse更糟糕的是,-4-,高频词汇,难点句型,温馨提示表示“实际上;事实上”的词汇还有:in fact,in reality,in practice,in effect,actually,in actual fact,in nature等。 单句语法填空 Each person,no matter they are,has psychological imbalances.(2018北京卷,七选五)
3、 写作升级 Our headteacher thinks his work is more important than anything else. 满分表达Our headteacher thinks his work than anything else.,who,matters more,-5-,高频词汇,难点句型,2.suppose v.猜想;认为;假设 supposedly adv.想象上,按照推测 高考佳句Suppose youre in a rush,feeling tired,not paying attention to your screen,and you send a
4、n email that could get you in trouble. 如果你很忙,感到累,未注意你的屏幕,你发送的电子邮件可能会让你有麻烦。(2017天津卷,阅读理解A篇) suppose sb/sth(to be). 认为某人/某事 I suppose我认为(常用作插入语)=I think I suppose so./I suppose not.我想是这样/我想不会的。 suppose/supposing (that).假使,假定 be supposed to do= should do应该做 was/were supposed to do本该做(而未做)=should have d
5、one,-6-,高频词汇,难点句型,温馨提示(1)在“I/we suppose that+宾语从句”句型中,对后面宾语从句的否定应转移到对主句的谓语动词上来。且当其后接反意疑问句时,附加问句部分应与从句主语和时态保持一致。 (2)与believe,think,guess,expect一样,suppose可构成复杂特殊疑问句,即它常用在“特殊疑问词+do you suppose +宾语从句?”结构中。,-7-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Miss Wang,will Marie pass the exam? I suppose .You know,she has been working
6、so hard. Some social apps were popular among the children even though they (suppose) require users to be at least 13.(2018江苏卷,阅读理解D篇),so,supposedly,-8-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句改错 I dont suppose that her sister could dance so beautifully,does she?写作升级 Bruce,you shouldnt talk so loudly in public.(用suppose改写) 满分表达
7、 Bruce,you talk so loudly in public.,doescould,arent supposed to,-9-,高频词汇,难点句型,3.urgent adj.急迫的,紧急的,要紧的 urgently adv.紧急地 urgency n.紧急的事 高考佳句 These days the industrys urgent question may be how to control the flow of tourists.近来,行业最紧急的问题可能是如何控制游客流量。 (1)an urgent question/problem紧急的问题 in urgent need o
8、f急需 Its urgent that.(should) do.迫切需要 (2)a matter of urgency十分紧急的事,-10-,高频词汇,难点句型,用urgent的恰当形式填空 Because of all this extra time, there was no sense of to do my school work immediately.(2018浙江卷,完形填空) In this box are some stem cells that are needed for a patient.(2016全国卷,阅读理解C篇) 写作升级 满分表达 In this box a
9、re some stem cells that a patient is .(写出第题的同义句),urgency,urgently,in urgent need,-11-,高频词汇,难点句型,4.bored adj.厌烦的,厌倦的;不感兴趣的 bore v.使厌烦 boring adj.无聊的;令人厌烦的 boredom n.无聊; 厌倦 高考佳句 Since his regular job was boring,I asked him why he just didnt do his sideline full-time.由于他的日常工作很乏味,我问他为什么没有全职做副业。(2018浙江卷,
10、完形填空) bore sb with sth用某事烦扰某人 be bored with sth对某事感到烦,-12-,高频词汇,难点句型,用bore的恰当形式填空 Another 15 minutes passed and I grew .(2017天津卷,阅读理解B篇) According to a study may be good to our health. 写作升级 Fed up with her former job,Susan resigned and went to another city to work. 满分表达Susan her former job,so she re
11、signed and went to another city to work.,bored,was bored with,boredom,-13-,高频词汇,难点句型,5.suffer v.遭受;忍受;经历 sufferer n.患病者,受苦者,受难者 suffering n.(指肉体或精神上遭受的)痛苦,疼痛,困难 高考佳句If you are not going to suffer this problem,then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums home for dinner,get a few cooking tip
12、s from her.如果你不想遭遇这个问题,那么我建议你下次去你妈妈家吃饭时,从她那里得到一些烹饪技巧。(2018浙江卷,语法填空) 温馨提示(1)suffer 做及物动词,后常跟pain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/punishment/hardship以及表示疾病的词。 (2)suffer 做不及物动词,后常跟介词from,表示“受折磨;受之苦,患疾病”。,-14-,高频词汇,难点句型,用suffer的恰当形式填空 Six months after our defeat on the spring practice field,we won our first
13、game and our second,and continued to improve.(2018天津卷,完形填空) All around her,people ,especially the elderly.(2016北京卷,阅读理解B篇) 单句改错 With no rains for over a year,the city is suffering unusually hot weather.(2017全国卷,听力),suffering,were suffering,suffering后加from,-15-,高频词汇,难点句型,写作升级 Although Rosemary had ha
14、d a serious illness for years,she lost none of her enthusiasm for life. 满分表达 Although Rosemary a serious illness for years,she lost none of her enthusiasm for life.,had suffered from,-16-,高频词汇,难点句型,6.reduce vt. 减肥 reduction n.减少,降低 高考佳句 You may drink,smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of
15、 dying early by running. 您可能会饮酒,抽烟,超重,仍然可以通过跑步来降低早死的风险。(2018全国卷,语法填空) 用reduce的恰当形式填空 Having enough fat and salt in your meals (reduce) the urge to snack (吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food.(2017全国卷),will reduce,-17-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句改错 The UK promises to reduce its carbon emission
16、s (排放) to 80 percent by 2050.So many trees have been cut down that species of bird in the forest has reduced by numbers.,第二个toby,byin,-18-,高频词汇,难点句型,7.prefer vt.较喜欢,更喜欢;宁愿 preference n.偏好 高考佳句 Unlike fast-food places,fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend.与快餐店不同,高级餐厅更喜欢顾客待更长的时间消
17、费。(2018江苏卷,阅读理解B篇) (1)prefer doing/to do 宁愿做 prefer to do rather than do/prefer doing to doing喜欢做而不喜欢做 prefer sb to do更愿意某人做 would prefer that.宁愿(后面宾语从句的谓语常用“should+动词原形”,其中的should常可省去) (2)have a preference for 偏好 in preference to优先于,-19-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 They needed to be aroused (激发) one way or th
18、e other,and they preferred good news bad.(2016全国卷,阅读理解D篇) Bryson is wrong,he says,because the English _ (prefer) for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena. 单句改错 Rather than to keep busy in the big city,the young couple prefer to live a peaceful and relaxing life in the countryside
19、.,to,preference,去掉keep前的to,-20-,高频词汇,难点句型,写作升级 They preferred staying at home to climbing the hill. 满分表达They preferred at home rather than the hill.,to stay,climb,-21-,高频词汇,难点句型,8.support vt.养活,赡养 supporter n.支持者 supportive adj.支持的 高考佳句 Without his support,we wouldnt be where we are now.没有他的支持,我们就不会
20、到现在这个位置。(2018北京卷,单项填空) support a family养家 in support of支持 win the support of sb赢得某人的支持,-22-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 He is always (support)/a source of strength.Whenever she is in trouble,he is there for her.(2017天津卷,阅读表达) 写作升级 We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.(2017全国卷,阅读理解B篇)
21、 满分表达 We were each other financially and by showing up at events.,supportive,in support of,-23-,高频词汇,难点句型,9.design n.打算用来做 by design故意地,-24-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 They pump out perfumes (design) to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.(2017全国卷,阅读理解D篇) 写作升级 The gloves are des
22、igned for extremely cold climates and very popular in the north. 满分表达 extremely cold climates,the gloves are very popular in the north.,designed,Designed for,-25-,高频词汇,难点句型,10.otherwise adv.否则;另外;在其他方面,除此之外 高考佳句 The study of traditions should be combined with practice.Otherwise,the recreation of tra
23、ditions would be artificial and empty,he said.他说,传统研究应与实践相结合,否则,传统的再创造将是假的和空洞的。(2018全国卷,阅读理解C篇) 温馨提示(1)otherwise是一个副词,常用作插入语,后可用逗号与句子其他部分隔开;or则是一个连词,用以连接两个并列句,其后不可用逗号与句子其他部分隔开,且or还可表示“否则,不然的话”。 (2)otherwise有时用以表示隐含虚拟条件,动词用虚拟语气。,-26-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Do you have Bettys phone number? Yes. ,I wouldnt h
24、ave been able to reach her yesterday.(2017天津卷,单项填空) We were delayed at the airport.Otherwise,we_ (be) here by lunch time. 写作升级 I didnt help you with your maths because I was not available. 满分表达I was not available. ,you with your maths.,Otherwise,would have been,Otherwise,I would have helped,-27-,高频词
25、汇,难点句型,11.go off(爆竹、铃等)响;走开;停止;熄灭 高考佳句The lights suddenly went off.The bulb must have burnt out.灯突然熄灭了,灯泡一定烧坏了。(2018上海卷,听力) go against违反,反对 go over复习,过一遍;仔细检查 go ahead (with)开始,进行;前进 go on继续;(灯)亮 go out熄灭;过时;出去 go by(时间)逝去;过去 go through通过;仔细检查;经历,-28-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 All the people left before the
26、bomb went . When going a walk,take along a small garbage bag.(2018浙江卷,七选五) The Transition is now going crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.(2017全国卷,阅读理解C篇),off,for,through,-29-,高频词汇,难点句型,12.take up 占(时间、空间等);拿起,举起(物);接受,接纳;开始(工作,产生兴趣等,尤其指做以前从未做过的事,或作为消遣的方式);继续(中断的活),接下去 高考佳句 P
27、eter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.下个月底彼得将担任旅行社经理这个职务。 take in吸收;接纳;占有;欺骗;理解 take up 占去,占据 take back收回;退货 take it easy别着急,慢慢来 take down取下;写下;记下 take off脱下;起飞;取下 take on呈现,具有(特征);承担;雇用 take.into account考虑 take over接管,-30-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 I took my T-
28、shirt and dived into the water.(2018全国卷,完形填空) The more fat you take before bedtime,the greater burden you will put on your body at night.(2016四川卷,阅读理解D篇) They now need to take account the extent of firms data assets (资产) when assessing the impact of deals.(2017江苏卷,阅读理解C篇),off,in,into,-31-,高频词汇,难点句型,
29、e up with 追上,赶上,想出 高考佳句 The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves.政府花了将近三十年的时间想出重新引入狼的计划。(2017全国卷,阅读理解C篇) put up with忍受 end up with结果,以结束 catch up with跟上,赶上 keep up with跟上,赶上 team up with(与某人)一起工作; 合作,-32-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Driverless cars may end up a form
30、of public transport rather than vehicles you own.(2017天津卷,阅读理解C篇) So scientists have come up a shocking idea.(2016北京卷,阅读理解C篇),with,with,-33-,高频词汇,难点句型,1.I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.(Page 8) 我总是随身携带手提电视,坐在石墙上看,小狗则在我的身边绕圈。 while句型 (1)w
31、hile可用以连接并列句,强调前后两者之间情况的对比,此时while一般可译为“而”。 (2)while可用以引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管”,相当于although,但while引导的让步状语从句一般放在主句前。 (3)while还可用以引导时间状语从句,表示“在时候”。当while引导的时间状语从句主语和主句主语一致,且含有be动词时,可以省去主语及be动词。,-34-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years, rice has increased only 7
32、 percent.(2018全国卷,语法填空) Two years ago,while Cathy (watch) the Olympics,a dream came into her sweet little headto be a swimmer.(2016天津卷,完形填空) You will also get a lot of refreshment while (have) a walk outside.(2016四川卷,书面表达) 单句改错 Some people live only dreaming about it when others live to avoid ever c
33、limbing at all.(2018天津卷,阅读表达),while,was watching,having,whenwhile,-35-,高频词汇,难点句型,2.Of course,I couldnt live this lifestyle without a good wife.(Page 8) 当然,没有一位好妻子我不能过这种生活。 without句型 (1)without表示“没有”,可用以表示“没有(做)”,后跟动词-ing形式,在句子中也常构成双重否定。 (2)without也常用以表示隐含的虚拟条件,相当于if there were.,此时句子多用虚拟语气结构。 单句语法填空
34、The sustainable success of small farmers,though,wont happenfundamental changes to the industry.(2018江苏卷,阅读理解C篇) Without immediate medical care,Paris (die).(2017北京卷,阅读理解A篇),without,would die,-36-,高频词汇,难点句型,3.I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off.(Page 9) 我一般在闹钟响前5分钟就醒了。
35、 before引导时间状语从句 before常用以引导时间状语从句,表示“在之前”,before从句中应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。before常用于下面几种句式: (1)Itll be+一段时间+before.表示“将还要多长时间才”。 (2)It wont be long before.表示“将不要多久就会”。 (3)It was+一段时间+before.表示“过了多久才”。 (4)It wasnt long before.表示“没过多久就”。,-37-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 But he did not know about brushes a visitor told hi
36、m he needed one.(2017浙江卷,阅读理解A篇) It was two hours the rain stopped. It (not be) long before every family has a car in the village.,before,before,wont be,-38-,高频词汇,难点句型,4.It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash,get changed,have breakfast,leave home and get on a bus.(Page 9)我从洗漱、穿衣、吃早饭、离开家到坐上公共汽
37、车只用不到15分钟的时间。 It takes sb some time to do sth句型 It takes sb some time to do sth表示“做某事花某人多长时间”。其中it为形式主语,后面的动词不定式为真正的主语。该结构常可用Sb spends some time (in) doing sth改写。,-39-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 It takes them about an hour and a half (go) to work every day.(2017全国卷,短文改错) 写作升级 I spent more than three hours (in
38、) fixing your computer. 满分表达It more than three hours your computer.,to go,took me,to fix,-40-,高频词汇,难点句型,5.When I get home at about ten,I look at some documents that I bring back from the office so that I can be ready for the next days work.(Page 9) 晚上大约10点我才能到家,到家后还要浏览一些从办公室带回来的文件,为第二天的工作做准备。 Usuall
39、y,its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.(Page 14)通常地铁很拥挤,很难找到座位。,-41-,高频词汇,难点句型,so that和so (.) that (.) 句型 (1)so that引导目的状语从句,从句中常含有情态动词,它也可用以引导结果状语从句,可以和so.that.进行改写。 (2)so.that.引导结果状语从句,表示“如此以至于”,常用句式为:so+ adj./adv.+that+从句。它也常用于以下结构: so+ adj.+a(n)+n.+that+从句; so+many/little/much/few+n.+
40、that+从句。 注意比较such的常用句式: such+a(n)+ adj.+n.+that+从句(可改为句式:so+ adj.+a(n)+n.+that+从句); such+ adj.+n.(复数或不可数)+that+从句。,-42-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Lets not pick these peaches until this weekend that they get sweet enough to be eaten.(2018天津卷,单项填空) Its difficulties appear so great ,however hard we work,we fail
41、 again and again.(2016天津卷,阅读理解D篇) 单句改错 I have so a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.,so,that,sosuch,-43-,高频词汇,难点句型,写作升级 Natalies school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.(2016北京卷,阅读理解B篇) 满分表达Natalies school was damaged
42、she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.,so that,1.Its an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achievegenerous support from individuals,corporations,and other social organisations.(2017全国卷,阅读理解A篇) 2.The children must have lost in the wood; ,they would have been at the lakeside camp as
43、 scheduled. 3.Now it has kept raining for nearly a month in the south_ in the north its so sunny. 4.When will his son come back home? Im afraid it will be at least three months he returns home. 5.So many end up in tree branches or along highways a growing number of cities do not allow them at checko
44、uts(收银台).(2018浙江卷,阅读理解B篇),-44-,without,otherwise,while,before,that,-45-,supportive,preference,organisation,To reduce,6.That was a difficult exercise that none of us worked it out. 7.Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are(support). 8.While selecting job applicants,we usually give_ (
45、prefer) to those with some experience. 9.There needs to be a change in the (organise) of the health service. 10. (reduce) mistakes in your homework,you must be more careful.,such,-46-,1.To make matter worse,many people dont obey traffic rules.2.How do you suppose did they cut down the tall tree?3.Al
46、l the audience seemed very boring with the professors long speech.4.Whatever failures I suffer from in my life,an ironed shirt tells me I am good at something.5.Employees said they would prefer having more flexible working hours to get a high salary.,mattermatters 去掉did boringbored 去掉fromgetgetting,
47、6.The five rings on the Olympic flag stand by the five continents.7.So many children were playing behind the house.The old couple complained with it.8.People in South China have rice when people in the north eat bread.9.No matter how he has told you,remember that you should trust me.10.The girl burs
48、t into tears at the moment she saw her mother.,-47-,byfor withabout whenwhilehowwhat 去掉at,-48-,完成下面5个句子,然后通过合理想象整合成一篇短文。 1.听说你在节食减肥我很难过。 Im sorry to hear that you are to lose weight. 2.众所周知,进行包括谷物、水果和蔬菜及减少脂肪在内的平衡饮食很重要。 As we all know,it is important to have a balanced diet including grain,fruit and vegetables and . 3.吃得太少,你就会体力不支。 Eating too little,you dont have enough energy .,
