1、2019年中考真题英语分项汇编专题08 动词和动词短语考点1 动词词义辨析1.【2019 新疆维吾尔族自治区】Not only Jack but also I crazy about the football match. A. amB. isC. areD. be【答案】A【解析】句意:不仅杰克,我也为足球赛着迷。A. am是,主语是I;B. is是,主语是单数;C. are是,主语是复数;D. be原形。not only.but also表示不仅而且;其遵循就近一致的原则,所以谓语动词需跟 I 保持一致,这里用 am,根据题意,故选A。【点睛】not only . but also 连接两
2、个主语时,要和与其最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan.2.【2019 新疆维吾尔族自治区】Im afraid his radio is too noisy. Will you please _ him to _ a little. Sure. A. ask;turn it downB. allow;turn it on C. tell;turn
3、it upD. advise;turn it off【答案】A【解析】句意:我担心这个收音机太吵闹了。你可以让它关小点吗?当然可以。ask sb to do sth让某人做某事,allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事,tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事,advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事,turn it down把它关小点,turn it on关上它,turn it up把它开大点,turn it off把它关上。根据Im afraid his radio is too noisy.可知此处表示收音机太吵了,因此把它关小点,故选A。3.【2019 新
4、疆维吾尔族自治区】Mum likes soap operas. Lets buy a TV for her. A. becomingB. watchingC. lookingD. smelling【答案】B【解析】句意:妈妈喜欢观看肥皂剧,让我们为她买一台电视吧。A. becoming变成; B. watching观看;C. looking看起来;D. smelling闻起来。短语like doing sth.表示喜欢做某事。看肥皂剧是 watch soap operas.根据题意,故选B。4.【2019 湖北省宜昌市】Did you the International Marathon in
5、 Lan Zhou on June 2, 2019?Of course. How exciting!A. watchB. reviewC. supposeD. discover【答案】A【解析】句意:你看2019年6月2日在兰州举行的国际马拉松比赛了吗?当然。太令人兴奋了!考查动词辨析。A. 观看(电视/比赛);B. 回顾;C. 设想;D. 发现。根据the International Marathon可知选A。5.【2019 襄阳市】 What does Huaweis newest smartphone look like? Its wonderful! You can it in hal
6、f just like closing a book. A. handB. passC. foldD. cut【答案】C【解析】句意:华为最新的智能手机是什么样子的?它太棒了!你可像一本书一样把它折叠起来。考查动词辨析。A. hand传递;B. pass经过;C. fold折叠;D. cut切割。根据in half just like closing a book就像合上一本书一样,可推知应是可以把它折叠起来,故答案选C。6.【2019 大庆市】How long will it _ you to fly to Beijing from your hometown? A. spendB. tak
7、eC. payD. use【答案】B【解析】句意:从家乡坐飞机到北京要花费你多长时间?A. spend花费钱或时间,主语是人;B. take常指花费时间,用在“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”这一句型中;C. pay花费金钱,主语是人;D. use使用。本句考查的是“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”这一句型。故答案为B。【点睛】cost /pay/ take /spend的区别:四个单词均可表示“花费”,但所用主语不同:cost 的主语通常是事或物(包括形式主语 it),不能是人;pay 的主语只能是人,常与for连用;s
8、pend 的主语也只能是人,构成spend on sth.或spend in doing sth.;take的主语常常是形式主语it。如:The computer cost (me) $2000. 这台电脑花了(我) 2000 美元。I have spent all day looking for you. 我花了一整天来找你。It took him an hour to write the letter. 他写这封信花了一个小时。She paid 10 yuan for this book. 她买这本书花了10元钱。7.【2019 河南省】You cant change who you ar
9、e by reading a book or change the way you act by watching a video. What _ is what you do, not what you know. A. includesB. decidesC. meansD. matters【答案】D【解析】句意:你不能通过看书来改变你是谁,也不能通过看视频来改变你的行为方式。重要的是你做什么,而不是你知道什么。A. includes包括;B. decides对作出抉择;C. means方式;D. matters重要性。本题考查what matters = what is essentia
10、l/important重要的是;因此本题应该选择matters重要性。符合语境。故选D。8.【2019 南通市】Excuse me, can you teach me how to this new word? No problem. Look at my mouth and listen carefully. A. proveB. pronounceC. prepareD. produce【答案】B【解析】句意:打扰一下,你能教给我怎样发出这个新单词的音吗?没问题。看我的嘴认真地听。A. prove证明;B. pronounce发音;C. prepare准备;D. produce生产,制造。
11、根据下文No problem. Look at my mouth and listen carefully.可知上文是说发音。根据题意,故选B。9.【2019 江苏省无锡市】Im going to add some tomato sauce to the salad, if you dont _. Not at all. Go head. A. careB. agreeC. mindD. insist【答案】C【解析】句意:如果你不介意的话,我要在沙拉里加些番茄酱。一点也不。加吧。A. care照料;B. agree同意;C. mind介意;D. insist坚持。根据Im going to
12、add some tomato sauce to the salad, if you dont _. 如果你不_ 的话,我要在沙拉里加些番茄酱。和答语Not at all. Go head. 一点也不。加吧。可以推知,应该选择mind介意;符合语境。故选C。10.【2019 广西贵港市】Joe, dont eat too much ice-cream OK, momBut it really good AfeelsBlooksCtastesDsounds【答案】C【解析】feel 感觉起来;look 看起来;taste 尝起来;sound 听起来;四个词都是感官动词,根据句子里dont eat
13、 too much ice-cream,不要吃太多冰淇淋可知冰淇淋是好吃的,用感官动词taste。故选:C。11.【2019 海南省】Would you please _ your e-mail address? I missed it just now No problemIts fox163com ArepeatBreviewCrecord【答案】A【解析】repeat 重复;review 复习;record 记录;从句子I missed it just now,刚才我错过了可知希望对方在说一遍,也就是重复一遍,因此选repeat最合适其它两个选项不正确,故选:A。12.【2019 辽宁省
14、本溪市】Look at the dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly It _that a big storm is coming AsoundsBseemsCfeelsDsmells【答案】B【解析】本题考查的动词词义的辨析。从上下句的语境和句意可知,回答的是好像/似乎一场大暴雨即将来临。所给的四个答案分析:sound 听起来;seem 似乎,好像;feel 感觉;smell 闻起来,因此只有答案B符合本题意思要求,故选:B。13.【2019 内蒙古呼和浩特市】Jack, lets have a picnic after school.
15、Sorry. I have _Frank to work on the biology report with him. A. Advise B. expected C. suggested D. promised【答案】D【解析】句意:杰克,放学后我们去野餐吧。抱歉。我答应弗莱克和他一起做生物学报告。A表示建议;B表示期待、盼望;C表示建议;D表示承诺、允诺。根据题干中Sorry可知杰克不能放学后去野餐,因为他承诺弗莱克和他一起去做生物学报告,其中promise sb. to do sth表示承诺某人做某事,故选D。14.【2019 四川省达州市】Can I _ Robinson Cruso
16、e? Mrs. Zhao Sure,its very interesting,but you can only _it for two weeks Aborrow;lendBlend;borrow Cborrow;keepDlend;keep【答案】C【解析】borrow借,强调借入,短暂性动词;lend借,强调借出,短暂性动词;keep也有借的意思,强调保管,延续性动词;Can I borrow Robinson Crusoe?强调借入,所以用borrow;由句子中的for two weeks第二个空应该用延续性动词keep,故选:C。考点2 情态动词1.【2019 凉山州】We shoul
17、d keep quiet in the library. We speak loudly. A. mustB. mustntC. canD. neednt【答案】B【解析】句意“我们在图书馆应该保持安静,我们禁止大声说话”。A.must必须(表示主观看法),一定(用于肯定推测);B.mustnt禁止;C.能,会(表示现在的能力);D.不需要。根据句意可知,表示图书馆应该保持安静,禁止大声说话,故选B。2.【2019 新疆维吾尔族自治区】David, you please sweep the floor and take out the trash? A. couldB. mayC. might
18、D. must【答案】A【解析】句意:David,你能打扫一下地板,把垃圾倒掉吗?A. could能,会;B. may可以;C. might可以;D. must必须。根据横线后面的内容,扫地板,倒垃圾,所知,是表示允许而且带有委婉的语气,could you please+动词原形,表示请你做好吗?故选 A。3.【2019 湖北省宜昌】 A little bird entered through the open window to join us for dinner last night. Wow, the unexpected guest welcomed. A. will beB. mu
19、st be C. wont beD. mustnt be【答案】B【解析】句意:昨晚一只小鸟从开着的窗户进来和我们一起吃晚饭。哇,这位不速之客一定很受欢迎。考查情态动词辨析。will将会,用于构成一般将来时态;must一定,表推测;wont是一般将来时的否定式;mustnt不要/不能,表示禁止;表推测需用cant be。根据句意语境,可知本句表推测,需用must,故选B。4.【2019 四川省眉山市】 I cant find my phone anywhere. You have lost it while shopping. A. mayB. canC. shouldD. would【答案】
20、A【解析】句意:我找不到我的电话了。你可能在购物时把它弄丢了。A.可能,表示推测;B.能(表示现在的能力);C.应该,表示要求、命令、建议和劝告;D.能,会。根据句意可知,表示推测,译为“可能在购物时丢了”,故选A。5.【2019 湖北省咸宁市】 Listen! Is Sarah singing in the neighbor room? No. It be Sarah. She has gone to Italy. A. needntB. may notC. cantD. wont【答案】C【解析】句意:听!莎拉正在隔壁房间唱歌吗? 不,不可能是莎拉。她去了意大利。A. neednt不需要;
21、B. may not可能没有;C. cant不可能;D. wont不会。根据She has gone to Italy. 她去了意大利。说明莎拉不在这里,那么上文应该表示否定推测,因此选择cant,cant be不可能是。故选C。6.【2019 襄阳市】 The driver be hurt badly in the accident. Thats true. Lets send him to the hospital as soon as possible. A. needB. cantC. mustD. may not【答案】C【解析】句意:司机在事故中一定受了重伤。这是真的。让我们尽快把
22、他送到医院去。考查情态动词辨析。A. need需要;B. cant不能够;C. must一定、必须,表示肯定的推测; D. may not不可以。根据Lets send him to the hospital as soon as possible. 让我们尽快把他送到医院去,可推知司机在事故中一定是受了重伤,表示肯定推测,故答案选C。7.【2019 湖南省益阳市】Whose volleyball is this? It _ be Lindas. She loves volleyball. A. mustB. cantC. neednt【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词用法。句意:这是谁的排球?它
23、一定是琳达的。她喜欢排球。 A. must一定是,表示猜测; B. cant不可能是;C. neednt不必。根据后一句she loves volleyball她喜欢排球,可知猜测一定是琳达的,故选A。8.【2019 广西北部湾经济区】Must I hand in the homework right now? _. Thats the rule. A. Yes, you can.B. No, you cant.C. Yes, you mustD. No, you mustnt.【答案】C【解析】句意:我必须现在交作业吗?是的,必须。这是规定。考查情态动词的一般疑问句。回答Must I?的一般
24、疑问句,肯定回答一般用Yes, you must. 否定回答需要用No, you needt或No, you dont have to.根据后面的Thats the rule.可知,此处应作肯定回答,结合选项可知C选项符合题意,故答案选C。9.【2019 贵州省毕节市】 I take the magazine out of the reading room? Im sorry you . A. Could; couldntB. Must; couldntC. Will; cantD. May; cant【答案】D【解析】句意:我可以将杂志带出阅览室吗?抱歉,你不能。当could用于疑问句中表示
25、请求时,回答应用can,排除A;must一定,用于疑问句中,不表示请求,回答应用yes, you must或No,you neednt/No, you dont have to;will表示请求时,通常用第二人称作主语,排除C;may表示请求,许可,译为“能,可以”,否定回答可以用cant。故选D。10.【2019 大庆市】We _ pay to get into the concert, because its free. A. mustntB. cantC. dont need toD. might not【答案】C【解析】句意:我们不需要付钱去参加音乐会,因为它是免费的。A. mustn
26、t禁止;B. cant不能;C. dont need to不必;D. might not可能不会。因为音乐会是免费的,因此没有必要付款,故答案为C。11.【2019 四川省广元市】Wed better _ our sports meeting because its going to rain. A. put onB. put upC. put off【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语和句意辨析。句意:我们最好把我们的运动会_,因为天要下雨了。A. put on 穿上,上演;B. put up 举起,张贴;C. put off 推迟。根据后面的天要下雨,可知最好推迟运动会,故选C。12.【2019
27、 四川省广元市】The girl in the music room _ be Celia. She has gone to the dining hall. A. cantB. mustC. may【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词用法。句意:在音乐室的女孩_是Celia,她去餐厅了。A. cant 不可能; B. must 一定,必须;C. may 可能,或许,大概。根据后一句“She has gone to the dining hall. ”(她去餐厅了)可知,表示不可能是Celia,故选A。13.【2019 贵阳市】Dad, my bike is broken. I use yours?
28、” “Sure! Its in the backyard.” A. MustB. ShouldC. May【答案】C【解析】句意:爸爸,我的自行车坏了,我可以用用你的吗?当然,它在后院。A. Must必须;B. Should应该;C. May可以。根据下文Sure!Its in the backyard.可知这里是请求允许。用情态动词may。根据题意,故选C。14.【2019 广西河池市】Is that red schoolbag Marys? It _ be hers. She hates that color. A. mayB. mustC. cantD. might【答案】C【解析】句意
29、:那个红色的书包是Mary的吗?不可能是她的,她讨厌那个颜色。may可能;must必须;一定;cant不能;不可能;might可能。根据句意She hates that color可知,这里应表示否定的推测,故应选C。15.【2019 河南省】Jerry didnt pay me back, but he promised that he this Sunday. A. mustB. couldC. wouldD. should【答案】C【解析】句意:杰瑞没有还我钱,但他答应这个星期天会还我的。考查情态动词。A. must必须;B. could能;C. would将会;D. should应该。
30、根据句意及语境,属于将来时态。but后的句子为宾语从句,因主句的谓语动词(promised)是一般过去时态,则从句中也应使用相应的表示过去的时态,所以要用过去将来时态,故选 C。16.【2019 湖北省黄石市】The beautiful lady with glasses over there looks like our English teacher. It be her. She has gone abroad. A. cantB. may notC. mustntD. neednt【答案】A【解析】句意:那里的那个戴眼镜的漂亮的女士看起来像我们的英语老师。一定不是她,她去了国外”。A.
31、 cant不能(表示现在的能力),一定不是(表示否定推测);B.可能不(表示推测);C.禁止(表示绝对禁止);D.不需要。根据She has gone abroad可知,这个女士一定不是我们的英语老师,故选A。【点睛】情态动词表推测的词有:must(一定)具有100%的可能性;may(可能),具有20%80%的可能性;might(可能),may的过去式,可能性比may小;may not(可能不);cant(一定不),具有0%的可能性。17.【2019 南通市】He like coffee. I see him drink a cup at times. A. mustB. mayC. cant
32、D. mustnt【答案】B【解析】句意:他可能喜欢咖啡。我看见他有时喝一杯。A. must必须;B. may可能;C. cant不能;D. mustnt禁止。根据下文I see him drink a cup at times.可知上文是可能喝咖啡。根据题意,故选B。18.【2019 四川省内江市】_I return the books this week? No, you _. You can do that next week? A. Must; cantB. May; neednt C. Need; mustntD. Must; neednt【答案】D【解析】句意:这周我必须还书吗?不
33、,你不必。你可以下周还。考查情态动词。根据答语No, you _. You can do that next week?可知本句作的是否定回答。情态动词一般疑问句的否定回答,Must I? No,you neednt/ dont have to/May I ? No,you mustnt/ Need I? No,you neednt结合选项可知D选项符合题意,故答案选D。19.【2019 天水市】Listen! Is that Linda playing the piano in the room? No. It be Linda, she has gone to London, A. may
34、 notB. needntC. cantD. mustnt【答案】C【解析】句意:听!是琳达在房间里弹钢琴吗?不,不可能是琳达,她已经去了伦敦。A. may not可能不会;B. neednt不必;C. cant不可能;D. mustnt不允许。因为她已经去了伦敦,所以推测在房间里弹钢琴的不可能是琳达,否定的推测用cant表示把握性较大,故答案为C。20.【2019 江苏省无锡市】With their new lock, you _ search for keys in your bag any more. Isnt it cool? A. needntB. cantC. mustntD. s
35、houldnt【答案】A【解析】句意:有了他们的新锁,你就不必再在包里找钥匙了。很酷吧?A. neednt不必,不需要;B. cant不能;C. mustnt一定不要;D. shouldnt不应该。根据With their new lock, you _ search for keys in your bag any more. 有了他们的新锁,你就_ 再在包里找钥匙了。可知,应该选择neednt不必,不需要;符合语境。故选A。21.【2019 湖南省湘西州】Is that boy Scott? No,it be Scott. Scott is much taller. A. canB. ca
36、ntC. mustnt【答案】B【解析】句意:那个男孩是斯科特吗?不,不可能是斯科特。斯科特比他高很多。A. can能,能够;B. cant不可能;C. mustnt一定不要,表示禁止。根据Scott is much taller. 斯科特比他高很多。可以推测上文的男孩不可能是斯科特,因此用cant be表示否定的推测。故选B。22.【2019 甘肃省天水市】Listen! Is that Linda playing the piano in the room? NoIt be Linda, she has gone to London. Amay notBneedntCcantDmustnt
37、【答案】C【解析】根据句意:听!在房间里弹钢琴的是琳达。不,它不肯能是琳达。她已经去伦敦了。结合选项,A可能不;B不必;C不可能;D不可以,故选:C。23.【2019 广西河池市】Is that red schoolbag Marys? It _ be hers She hates that color AmayBmustCcan tDmight【答案】C【解析】根据 She hates that color她讨厌那种颜色,可知用cant be表示否定的猜测,句意:不可能是她的。故选:C。24.【2019 贵州省黔南州】 I take the magazine out of the readi
38、ng room? Im sorry you ACould;couldntBMust;couldnt CWill;cantDMay;cant【答案】D【解析】根据句意:我把杂志拿出阅览室吗?对不起,你不能,可知此处表示请求许可,结合选项,选项D符合题意,故选:D。25.【2019 湖南省邵阳市】Will Sam go to the cinema with us tonight? Im not sureHe _ not be free AmayBshouldCcan【答案】A【解析】句意:山姆今晚和我们一起去看电影吗?我不知道。他可能没空。结合选项,A可能;B应该;C可以,根据Im not sur
39、e可知这里是不确定的推测,选项A符合题意,故选:A。26.【2019 湖南省湘潭市】Who is singing in the next room? It _ _ be Lisa, but Im not sure. AmustBmayCneed【答案】B【解析】根据句意:谁正在隔壁房间唱歌?可能是Lisa,我不确定由Im not sure推出是没有把握的猜测。A一定;B可能;C需要,选项B符合题意,故选:B。27.【2019 辽宁省本溪市】The man _ be a doctor in this hospital, but Im not sure AmustBwouldCcanDmight【
40、答案】【解析】A表示必须;B表示将;C表示能,可以;D表示可能。根据题干中but Im not sure可知这个男人可能是这个医院里的医生,故选:D。28.【2019 青海省】Must I finish this work at once? No,you_ AcantBwontCneednt【答案】【解析】句意:我必须马上完成这项工作吗?不,你不必。由句意可知考查情态动词表示肯定的猜测,可知Must.?的否定回答是No, .neednt故选:C。29.【2019 四川省广元市】The girl in the music room _ be Celia. She has gone to the
41、dining hall. A. cantB. mustC. may【答案】A【解析】根据句意:在音乐房间的这个女孩不可能西莉亚。她去餐厅了。可知考查情态动词表示否定的猜测,用cant,故选:A。考点3 动词短语1.【2019 湖北省宜昌市】Shall we_the things we dont use to the people in need? Good idea. A. put offB. set out C. get intoD. give away【答案】D【解析】句意:我们将把不用的东西送给需要帮助的人吗?好主意。考查动词短语辨析。A.推迟;B. 出发;C. 进入;D. 赠送。根据句
42、意语境,可知前面三项意思都与句意不合,故选D。2.【2019 湖北省宜昌】About 20 million people in the world have no enough safe drinking water. So we should how to deal with the problems of water. A. put onB. look after C. think aboutD. get on with【答案】C【解析】句意:世界上大约有2000万人没有足够的安全饮用水。所以我们应该考虑如何处理水的问题。A. 穿上;B.照顾;C. 思考;D. 继续。考查动词短语辨析。根据
43、how to deal with the problems of water可知think about符合句意,故选C。3.【2019 湖南省岳阳市】The volunteers _ the sick kids in the hospital on weekends. Alook afterBlook forClook through【答案】A【解析】look after照顾;look for寻找;look through浏览;温习,句意:志愿者们周末在医院照顾生病的孩子。look after符合语境,故选:A。4.【2019 贵州省安顺市】I dont think teachers should give too much homework to_ the free time of students. Exactly! A. give upB. take up C. look upD. put up【答案】B【解析】句意:我认为教师不应该布置太多的家庭作业来占用学生的空闲时间。没错!考查动词短语。A. give up放弃;B. take up占用,占据;C. look up查阅,查字典,抬头看;D. put up建造,搭起,挂起。结合句意可知填take up;选B。5.【2019 四川省眉山市】 Whats the meaning of “One