1、2019年中考真题英语分项汇编专题18 词汇运用考点2用所给词的适当形式填空一、【2019 鄂州市】 根据括号内的英语或汉语提示,完成句子。47. A hen on my farm _(lay) a green egg yesterday.48. No matter what happens, believe in _ (you), boys and girls.49. A Chinese father made some nice dresses for his daughter with his _ (wife) old shirts51. The _ (careful) you work
2、, the fewer mistakes youll make.52. There are some boys _ (swim) in the river now. Its very dangerous.53. Cathy and Linda _ (not be) back to their hometown for two years.54. Look! The Browns _ (eat) supper in the kitchen【答案与解析】47. laid 句意:我农场里的一只母鸡昨天下了一个绿色的蛋。lay意为“下蛋”,根据句意和句中的时间yesterday可知,该句应用一般过去时
3、态,这里应填过去式。lay的过去式是不规则的变化,应该是laid。48. yourselves 句意:孩子们,不管发生什么,都要相信你们自己。you你,你们,是人称代词。根据句意可知,这里表示“相信你们自己”,应填反身代词。注意句中boys and girls是复数的,因此这里应填yourselves。49. wifes 句意:一位中国的父亲用他妻子的旧衬衣为他的女儿做了一些漂亮的衣服。wife妻子,是一个名词。根据句意和空后的old shirts可知,这里表示“他妻子的旧衬衫”,故这里应填名词所有格形式,故填wifes。51. more carefully 句意:你工作越仔细,你犯的错误就越
4、少。careful仔细的,小心的,是一个形容词。根据句意可知,该空修饰的是句中的动词work,应用副词carefully;且句中使用了句型the +比较级,the+比较级,意为“越,就越”。故填more carefully。52. swimming 句意:现在有一些男孩在河里游泳,非常的危险。swim游泳,是一个动词。根据句意和句中的now可知,这里表示正在进行的动作,boys与该空构成主动关系,故应填现在分词swimming,在句中作后置定语。53. havent /have not been 句意:Cathy和Linda两年没有回他们的家乡了。根据句意和句中的时间状语for two yea
5、rs可知,这里表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响,应用现在完成时,主语为复数,故用have+过去分词,否定形式在have后加not。故填have not been,或缩写为havent been。54. are eating 句意:看!Brown一家人正在厨房吃晚饭。eat吃,是一个动词。根据句意和句中的Look可知,这里表示一个正在进行的动作,应使用现在进行时be+现在分词形式。主语The Browns表示“Brown一家人”,谓语动词用复数,故应填are eating。【点睛】这个题目是用所给单词的适当形式填空或者根据汉语意思填写适当的单词,考查单词在具体语境中的使用。做题时,应根据所给单词在
6、句中的作用以及句中使用的句型,变化单词的适当形式。常考查的知识点包括:名词单复数、名词所有格;动词的时态、被动语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词;形容词和副词的基本用法、词性转换、比较级和最高级的用法;介词短语;代词等。例如第2小题,考查了动词的时态,lay意为“下蛋”,根据句意和句中的时间yesterday可知,该句应用一般过去时态,这里应填过去式。lay的过去式是不规则的变化,应该是laid。再如第6小题,考查了副词的比较级,careful仔细的,小心的,是一个形容词。根据句意可知,该空修饰的是句中的动词work,应用副词carefully;且句中使用了句型the +比较级,the+比较级,意为“
7、越,就越.”。故填more carefully。二、【2019 江苏省宿迁市】55. A nurses job is to take good care of every _(a person who is ill) in hospital.56. _(not make) a mess on the balcony, Betty. Sorry, I wont.57. It is reported that the number of working _(wife) is becoming larger and larger.58. My hometown is greener now. Mor
8、e and more trees _(plant) every spring.59. Hangzhou will be the third Chinese city to host the _(Asia) Games after Beijing And Guangzhou.60. Uncle Chen _(repair) more than five bicycles since last Friday.61. The question is a little difficult. Lets have a _(discuss) about it.62. Every child wants to
9、 be the _(proud) of their parents.63. Literature helps us think and encourages us _(open) our minds.64. It will be a good _(choose) to take the high-speed train to Yancheng from Suqian next year.65. Mr. Jiangs robot irons his business suit _(smooth) every morning.【答案与解析】55. patient 句意:护士的工作是照顾好医院里的每
10、一个病人。take good care of照顾;every每一个,后接单数名词;根据句意结构和a person who is ill提示,可知填patient。56. Dont make 句意:贝蒂,别把阳台弄得一团糟。对不起,我不会的。本句是否定祈使句,动词需用原形;句首单词的首字母需大写,根据句意结构和单词提示,可知填Dont make。57. wives 句意:据报道,有工作的妻子(职业女性)的数量越来越多。working有职业的,形容词修饰名词;the number of.数目,后接复数名词,单数意义;根据句意结构和单词提示,可知填wives。58. are planted 句意:我
11、的家乡现在更绿了。每年春天种的树越来越多。trees是动词plant(种植)的受动者,需用“be done”被动语态结构;trees是复数形式,系词需用are;根据句意结构和单词提示,可知填are planted。59. Asian 句意:杭州将是继北京和广州之后第三个举办亚运会的中国城市。名词games(比赛)需用形容词修饰;the Asian Games亚运会,根据句意结构和单词提示,可知填Asian。60. has repaired 句意:自从上星期五以来,陈叔叔已经修了五辆以上的自行车。since last Friday自从上星期五以来,是一段时间,用于现在完成时;Uncle Chen
12、是单数第三人称,需用“has done”结构;根据句意结构和单词提示,可知填has repaired。61. discussion 句意:这个问题有点难。让我们来讨论一下。不定冠词a修饰单数名词;have a discussion讨论一下,根据句意结构和单词提示,可知填discussion。62. pride 句意:每个孩子都想成为父母的骄傲。定冠词the后接名词,the pride of.的骄傲;根据句意结构和单词提示,可知填pride。63. to open 句意:文学帮助我们思考,鼓励我们开放思想。encourage sb. to do鼓励某人做某事;根据句意结构和单词提示,可知填to
13、open。64. choice 句意:明年从宿迁乘高铁到盐城将是一个很好的选择。good好的,形容词修饰名词;根据句意结构和单词提示,可知填choice。65. smoothly 句意:江先生的机器人每天早上都能很顺利地熨他的西装。iron(用熨斗)熨,动词需用副词修饰;根据句意结构和单词提示,可知填smoothly。三、【2019 湖北省孝感市】46. Ben was very _ to have a dog helper. (luck)47. Ill lead you to visit our school. Please _me. /fl /48. Mobike is considere
14、d to be a new _ in China. (invent)【答案与解析】46. lucky 句意:本很幸运有一个“狗助手”(导盲犬)。本句缺表语形容词,根据句意结构和所给单词提示,可知填lucky。47. follow 句意:我将带你参观我们的学校。请跟我来。本句是祈使句,动词需用原形;根据句意语境和音标提示,可知填follow。48. invention 句意:摩托自行车(两用车)被认为是中国的一项新发明。new新的,形容词修饰名词;根据句意结构和所给单词提示,可知填invention。四、【2019 泰州市】 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空(每空不限一词) 。66. It is r
15、eported that Taizhou Sports Park _ (complete) next year.67. In his _ (eighty), I. M. Pei (贝堇铭) designed Suzhou museum for his hometown.68. So far, the couple _ (not change) their flat since they had a second child.69.Do you have any difficulty_ (chat) with your deaf uncle? No. His body language help
16、s me understand him well.70.Why didnt you come to my party yesterday afternoon? Sorry, I with my parents _ (harvest) the wheat in the field at that time.【答案与解析】66. will be completed 句意:据报道,台州体育公园将于明年建成。主语Taizhou Sports Park和动词complete之间存在着被动关系,因此应该用被动句,再由next year可知,本题的时态为一般将来时,所以本题应该用一般将来时的被动句来写。其结
17、构是:will+be+动词的过去分词。故答案为:will be completed。67. eighties 句意:在他八十岁时,贝聿铭为家乡设计了苏州博物馆。我们知道:在某人多少岁时的英文表达是:at the age of+某人岁数,或in ones+基数词复数。本题给的是基数词eighty,因此答案为:eighties。68. havent changed 句意:到目前为止,这对夫妇自从有了第二个孩子就没有换过公寓。根据So far可知,本题的时态为现在完成时,其结构是:助动词have/has+动词的过去分词。本题是否定句,have not=havent。故答案为:havent chang
18、ed。69. chatting 句意:你和你的聋叔叔聊天有困难吗? 不,他的肢体语言能帮助我很好地理解他。本题考查have difficulty (in ) doing sth. 做某事有困难;in在句子中可以省略。故答案为:chatting。70. was harvesting 句意:你昨天下午为什么不来参加我的聚会? 对不起,当时我和父母正在田里收割小麦。根据yesterday afternoon和at that time是指:昨天的这个时候,可知,本题的时态为:过去进行时,其结构是:was/were+动词的现在分词。I with my parents中的with表示伴随,因此谓语由I来决
19、定,故be动词用was。所以答案为:was harvesting。五、【2019 临沂市】 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空,每空格限填一词。41. I felt _ lying in the sun on the beach. (relax)42. The little boy said, I am old enough to take good care of _(my)43. Our team lost the game because we played very _ (bad).44. In America, 95% of pet owners think of their anima
20、ls as family _.(member)45. A team of climbers from Peking University reached the top of the worlds _mountain, Qomolangma, on May 15, 2018. (high)46. Scientists around the world are working to _a medicine for AIDS (艾滋病). (cover)47. Have you ever cut your finger on the edge (边缘) of a book page? The sm
21、all cut on your finger is so _. (pain)48. There are about 6,000 languages that are spoken around the world, but 43% of them are dying out. If no _is taken, some of these languages will disappear. (act)【答案与解析】41. relaxed 句意:躺在沙滩上晒太阳,我感到很放松。relax动词放松,felt是感官动词,所以后跟形容词作表语,且这里修饰“人”,表示感到放松的,故填relaxed。42.
22、 myself 句意:小男孩说:“我已经长大了,可以好好照顾自己了。这里主语是I, 所以表示“我自己” take care of oneself照看某人自己,故填myself。43. badly 句意:我们队输了比赛,因为我们打得很差。修饰动词play所以用副词,故填badly。44. members 句意:在美国,95%的宠物主人认为他们的宠物是家庭成员。family member家庭成员,且前面是animals,所以这里也用名词复数,故填members。45. highest 句意:来自北京大学的登山队于2018年5月15日到达世界最高山峰珠穆朗玛峰。前有比较范围the worlds世界上
23、的,所以是最高级,表示“最高的山”,故填highest。46. discover 句意:世界各地的科学家正致力于发现一种治疗艾滋病的药物。cover意思是覆盖,根据句意可知,科学家“发现了”一种药物,故填discover。47. painful 句意:你有没有在书页的边缘割过手指?你手指上的小伤口很痛。pain名词疼痛,根据句子结构,是主系表结构,所以用形容词,表示疼痛的,故填painful。48. action 句意:全世界大约有6000种语言在使用,但其中43%的语言正在逐渐消失。如果不采取任何措施,其中一些语言将消失。采取措施take actions, 谓语动词是is,所以用单数,故填action。