1、Nowadays traffic congestion (拥挤，阻塞) is a big problem in most of our cities. Have you got any ideas about what has brought about this?There are many causes for this problem, but the following may be the most important ones.The first cause is the great increase in the number of private cars. Cars take
2、 up more space but they carry fewer people. Some private car drivers, ignoring traffic regulations, drive only for the sake of their own convenience, blocking the way of other public transportation vehicles. The second cause is the slow and inefficient construction and improvement of the roads and s
3、treets. With a large population and numbers of automobiles increasing, some roads still remain unimproved, which will surely lead to problems. The last cause is the insufficient (不足的) management of the traffic system and the peoples lack of awareness of traffic rules. Many pedestrians (行人) cross the
4、 streets even when the traffic lights are against them, which is an obstacle (障碍) to the flow of traffic.Then how to solve this problem? Some suggest laying down more roads to make the traffic less crowded and speed up the flow of traffic. Others believe that we should open up more public bus routes
5、, so that more people will take the public buses instead of travelling by car and bicycle.Though the above two views sound reasonable, they have their own drawbacks. The former may take up much land which could be used for farms and houses. The latter may cause inconvenience for those who are used t
6、o travelling by car or bicycle. I think the best answer to the traffic problem is a combination of the two. More roads can be built to hold more traffic and meanwhile more public bus routes can be opened up to those who prefer to use the public transportation.Section_ Introduction_&_Reading_Prereadi
7、ng原 文 呈 现 Getting Around in BeijingTaxisTaxis are on the streets 24 hours a day. Simply raise your hand, and a taxi appears in no time . They are usually red, and they display the price per kilometre on the window. You should check the cab has a business permit ， and make sure you ask for a receipt
8、.Buses and trolleybusesPublic transport provides a cheap way to get around in Beijing. There are 20,000 buses and trolleybuses in Beijing, but they can get very crowded . Its a good idea to avoid public transport during the rush hour(6：30 am8：00 am and 5：00 pm6：30 pm)Fares are cheap, starting at 1 y
9、uan.Airconditionedbuses cost more.Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the city centre. Higher numbers have destinations in the suburbs. Tourists shouldnt miss the 103 bus which offers one of the most impressive routes ， past the Forbidden City and the White Pagoda in Beihai Park. 21
10、 If you get on a doubledecker bus, make sure you sit upstairs. Youll have a good view of the 22 23 rapidly changing city.Most buses run from about 5：00 am to midnight. However, there is also a night bus service, provided by buses with a number in the 200s . 24 读 文 清 障 get around 到处旅行；四处走动around 此处为副
11、词，可用 round 来替换。in no time 马上；立刻display/dIspleI/vt.展示；陈列cab/kb/n.出租汽车；计程车permit/pmIt/ n.执照；许可证you ask for a receipt 是省略 that 的宾语从句。receipt/rIsit/n.收据 trolleybus/trlibs/n.电车provide/prvaId/vt.提供常用结构：provide sb. with sth./provide sth. for sb.get crowded 变得拥挤的the rush hour 交通高峰期fare/fe/n.车费现在分词短语作状语，起补充说
12、明的作用。airconditioned/ekndInd/adj.带空调的过去分词短语作定语，修饰 buses，句中 number 是动词，意为“给编号”。be limited to 局限于，受限制 limit/lImIt/ vt.限制destination/destIneIn/n.目的地；终点suburb n郊区 suburban adj.郊区的；城外的which 引导限制性定语从句，修饰 the 103 bus。impressive/ImpresIv/adj.给人印象深刻的route/rut/n.路线 21 doubledecker/dbldek/n.双层公共汽车 22 have a goo
13、d view of 观看的美丽风景 23 过去分词短语作定语，修饰 bus service。 24 行在北京第 14 段译文出租车(北京)大街上的出租车是 24 小时服务的。只要你招招手，马上就会有出租车开过来。它们通常是红色的，而且在车窗上显示每千米的价格。你得确保出租车有营业执照，并且一定要索取发票。公共汽车和电车公共交通为(人们)游览北京提供了一种低价位的出行方式。在北京有两万辆公共汽车和电车，但是，它们会很拥挤。明智的做法是避免在交通高峰期(早上 6：308：00，下午 5：006：30)乘坐公共交通工具。这些车车费便宜，一元起价。空调车要贵一些。1 路到 100 路公共汽车都是仅限于
14、市中心内的，编号大于 100 的公共汽车可到达郊区。游客们不应错过 103 路公共汽车，它途经紫禁城和北海公园的白塔，沿途风景令人印象深刻。如果你乘坐双层公共汽车，务必坐在上层。你将一览这个飞速发展的城市的美丽风景。大多数公共汽车的运营时间大约是从早上 5 点到午夜。不过，也有夜班车，编号在200 到 300 之间。MinibusesMinibuses with seats for 12 passengers offer an alternative to expensive taxis and crowded 25 public transport in some areas. They r
15、un regular services and follow the same routes as large 26 public buses. And in a minibus you always get a seat even in rush hours.UndergroundThere are four underground lines in Beijing, and several lines are under construction . 27 Trains are fast and convenient ， but rush hours can be terrible. A
16、oneway trip costs 3 28 29 30 yuan.Station names are marked in pinyin.The underground is open from 5：00 am to 11：00 31 pm.Pedicabs 32 Tourists like these humanpedalled “tricycle taxis”， but they can be expensive. 33 34 You should talk to the driver, and make sure you know the price before you begin t
17、he journey, for example, if it is per person, single or return . Tricycles are worth using if you want to 35 36 37 explore the narrow alleys (hutong) of old Beijing ., alternative n可供选择的事物 38 39 40 25 crowded public transport 拥挤的公共交通，crowded adj.拥挤的，作定语。 26 under construction 正在建设之中 27 convenient/kn
18、vinint/adj.方便的 28 一般不用人作主语。can 可能，表示“一时的可能性”，用于肯定的陈述句中。 29 a oneway trip 单程 30 be marked in 用(某种语言、颜色等 )做标记 31 pedicab n三轮脚踏车 32 humanpedalled adj.人力驱动的，脚踏的 33 pedal/pedl/vt.& vi.骑车；踩的踏板tricycle/traIsIkl/n.三轮脚踏车 34 single/sIl/n.单程票 return/rItn/n.往返票 35 36 be worth doing 值得做 37 加强语气时，常用 well 修饰 worth
19、。explore/Ikspl/vt.探索 38 alley n胡同，小巷 39 if you want .是 if 引导的条件状语从句。 40 第 57 段译文小型公共汽车如果嫌出租车贵、公交车拥挤的话，在有些地方，你可以乘坐有 12 个座位的小公共汽车。它们跟大型公共汽车走同样的路线，提供常规服务。在小型公共汽车上，即使在高峰期也总能找到空位。地铁北京有四条地铁线，还有几条线正在建设之中。地铁快捷方便，但是，交通高峰时段情况就可能非常糟糕。地铁票价单程为 3 元，站名用拼音标注，运营时间为早上 5 点到晚上 11 点。三轮脚踏车游客们喜欢这些人力驱动的“三轮脚踏车”，但价格可能会很贵。因此开
20、始你的旅行之前要先跟车夫交谈，确保弄清楚价格，例如，明确价钱是否按人数计算、是单程还是往返双程的问题。如果你想去老北京窄小的胡同探秘，三轮脚踏车是值得一坐的。PrereadingPlease match the words with their proper meanings.1wire A n.执照；许可证2suburban Bn.电线3display Cadj .郊区的；市郊的4permit Dvt.展示；陈列5receipt Evt.提供6fare Fn.收据7destination Gn.车费8provide Hvt.限制9convenient In.单程票10limit Jn.往返票
21、11single Kadj.方便的12return Lvt.探索13explore Mn.目的地；终点14impressive Nadj.给人印象深刻的15 _ 610 _ 1114 _答案：15 BCDAF 610 GMEKH 1114 IJLNLeadinLook at the picture and answer the following questions.What can you see in it? Have you ever been stuck in a traffic jam? How long were you in the jam?_参考答案：I can see car
22、s are streaming in and a traffic jam is developing. I got stuck in a traffic jam last Sunday. I was in the jam for almost one hour.WhilereadingFastreadingChoose the best answers according to the text.1What should you do if you want to take a taxi?ACheck the drivers business permit.BAsk for a receipt
23、.CGo to the station.DBoth A and B.2What can we learn from the text about the buses in Beijing?AAll the buses can travel within the city centre.BThey are very expensive.CThey can get crowded.DAll the buses run from about 5：00 am to midnight.3You should take a minibus if you _.Atravel with 12 more fri
24、endsBwant to travel fasterCthink that taxis are too expensive and buses are too crowded Dwant to travel different routes from the large public buses 4Which will you choose for a visit of narrow alleys of old Beijing?ATaxis. BBuses.CUnderground. DPedicabs.5According to the text, we can conclude that
25、in Beijing _.Athere will be more pedicabsBthere will be more underground linesCthere will be more minibusesDthere will be more trolleybuses答案：15 DCCDBCarefulreading()True (T) or False (F)1Taxis usually show the price per kilometre on the door._F_2Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel outside
26、 the city._F_3You can seldom get a seat on a minibus in rush hours._F_4You have to pay 3 yuan for a oneway ticket if you take underground._T_5Youd better take pedicabs if you want to see the alleys in Beijing._T_()Read the text again and fill in the chart with the information in the text. Means oftr
27、ansportWorkinghours Advantages DisadvantagesTaxis 24 hours Easy to get 1.ExpensiveBuses andtrolleybuses 5：00 ammidnight2.Cheap Crowded3.Minibuses Always get a seat Only 4.12 seatsfor passengersUnderground5：00 am11：00 pmFast and 5convenientTerrible in 6rush hours7.Pedicabs 8.Explore the narrow alleys
28、 ExpensiveStudyreadingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1Tourists shouldnt miss the 103 bus which offers one of the most impressive routes, past the Forbidden City and the White Pagoda in Beihai Park.句式分析 尝试翻译 游客们不应错过 103 路公共汽车，它途经紫禁城和北海公园的白塔，沿途风景令人印象深刻。2You should talk to the dr
29、iver, and make sure you know the price before you begin the journey, for example, if it is per person, single or return.句式分析 尝试翻译 因此开始你的旅行之前要先跟车夫交谈，确保弄清楚价格，例如，明确价格是否按人数计算、是单程还是往返双程的问题。.阅读理解AThe roads that wind along the Seine used to be full of heavy traffic. Today, cyclists are enjoying the watersi
30、de peace. On the right bank opposite the Eiffel Tower, cars have been made to travel in a single lane (车道), leaving the other to bicycles.A sense of being controlled is felt by the capitals car owners. Anne Hidalgo, the Socialist mayor of Paris, is starting “a war against cars”As part of the city ha
31、lls plan to increase the share of trips taken by bicycle from 5% to 15% by 2020, protected cycling lanes are being lengthened along some of the citys main roads. A whole road on the busy Rue de Rivoli is being changed into a twoway bike route. The left banks road was closed to cars in 2013, six year
32、s after the city made a bikesharing plan.“Paris is not anticar, but antipollution”， says JeanLouis Missika, the head of planning at city hall. Pollution levels in the city are especially high.With its narrow streets, the government is trying its best to reduce cars that do not carry passengers. Full
33、y 80% of cars running in central Paris carry only one person, and 79% of those on its roads are privately owned. BlaBlaCar, a French ridesharing startup, recently introduced BlaBlaLines, a new app produced to help people who travel to and from work share cars.The war against cars started by Ms Hidal
34、go is also a rethink of how the city should start an age that will be shaped by electric cars and driverless transport. “It will be as great as the change from horsedrawn carriages (马车) to cars，” says Mr Missika. He expects to see the first driverless sixperson taxis in Paris next year, and says tha
35、t city hall will ban privately owned cars in the centre by 202530.语篇解读：本文是说明文。巴黎采取一系列措施限制汽车的使用，鼓励人们骑自行车或者拼车出行。这些举措旨在解决巴黎的环境污染问题。1What does Paragraph 1 try to show?AThe modern life of Paris.BThe heavy traffic in Paris.CThe great scenery of Paris.DThe reduction of cars in Paris.解析：选 D 推理判断题。由第一段中的两处对比
36、可知，巴黎的车流量大大减少。2Why have some actions mentioned in Paragraph 3 been taken?ATo avoid car accidents.BTo encourage bike riding.CTo make people live a comfortable life.DTo show the importance of public transport.解析：选 B 推理判断题。由第三段中的 “increase the share of trips taken by bicycle”和“protected cycling lanes a
37、re being lengthened”以及“is being changed into a twoway bike route”可推断，这些举措主要是为了鼓励人们骑自行车。3What is the government doing to reduce pollution according to Paragraph 4?AIt has closed some narrow streets.BIt has banned privately owned cars.CIt discourages cars without passengers.DIt encourages public trans
38、port journeys.解析：选 C 细节理解题。由第四段中的 “the government is trying its best to reduce cars that do not carry passengers”可知答案。4What is Mr Missikas attitude toward the war against cars?AHe is uncertain about it.BHe has high hopes for it.CHe is against it.DHe doubts it.解析：选 B 推理判断题。由最后一段中的 “It will be as grea
39、t as the change from horsedrawn carriages (马车) to cars”和“He expects to see the first driverless sixperson taxis”以及 “ban privately owned cars”可推断，Mr Missika 支持禁止汽车的举措。BYouve probably never heard of Dr. June McCarroll, but shes truly a woman who left her mark on the world. Born in Nebraska, she was a
40、general practitioner who lived in California. Interestingly enough, her fame lies outside the world of medicine. An accident got her thinking about making our highways safer. Her car was sideswiped (擦边)，and she determined to do something about cars that crowded others off the road.Driving on a road
41、that bulged (突起) down its center，Dr. McCarroll noticed that the bulge helped to keep motorists on their own side of the road. That gave her an idea. She tried persuading the local government to “paint a line down the middle of the road” to set an example and “lead the nation in public safety.”She go
42、t the typical bureaucratic (官僚的) response. However, she was someone who would not take no for an answer. So she took her idea to the local womens club. The vote was unanimous (无记名的 ) in support of the project. Still, she continued to face bureaucratic stubbornness (固执) for seven long years before he
43、r idea was put into practice.In 1924 the California Highway Commission agreed to experiment with a centerline on two sections of Route 99. Accidents on both test stretches were reduced greatly, and soon the entire state marked McCarroll lines on its highways. Most of the world has since followed sui
44、t. Message: When you believe in an idea, go after that idea, especially if people you respect believe its a good one.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。Dr.June McCarroll 是第一个提出在高速公路的中央划分界线的人，她因为这个创意而闻名于世。5What would be the best title for the passage?ASafety Problems on the HighwayBThe Woman Who Drew the LineCA Woman Who H
45、ad Her Own MindDHow the Highway Was Made Safer解析：选 B 标题归纳题。综合分析文章可知， Dr. June McCarroll 是第一个提出在高速公路的中央划分界线的人，因为她的这个创意，高速公路交通事故大大降低，故 B 项最能体现文章的中心。6When Dr. June McCarroll first put forward her suggestion, the local government_.Adidnt support herBheld an unanimous voteCasked the local womens club to
46、consider itDthought it was worth trying解析：选 A 细节理解题。从文章第三段第一句 “She got the typical bureaucratic (官僚的) response.”可知，官员们没有理会她。7We learn from the last paragraph that _.ADr. June McCarrolls idea only worked on two sections of Route 99Ba centerline on the highway worked as well as the bulge CDr. June McC
47、arrolls idea proved to be quite usefulDonly the state of California accepted Dr. June McCarrolls idea 解析：选 C 细节理解题。文章最后一段说明，在高速公路中央画线后，事故大大降低，其他国家纷纷效仿，因此 C 项正确。8Through the story of Dr. June McCarroll, the author intends to tell us _.Awe can become famous outside our own fieldBa chance always waits for someone who is well preparedCwe should go after our own idea no mat
