1、Unit 10 Money,-2-,高频词汇,难点句型,1.exist vi.存在,生存,维持生活 existence n.存在 existent adj.存在的,现存的 高考佳句 Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy,but we cant forget that deep relationships wouldnt even exist if it werent for casual conversation. 将闲聊视为不重要是很容易的,但我们不能忘记,如果不是随意的谈话,那么深层关系就不会存在。(2018全国卷,阅读理解D篇) (1)
2、there exists/existed.某地有/存在 exist on靠为生 (2)come into existence开始存在;成立 bring.into existence使发生,产生,-3-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 “That is only evidence that traditions once (exist),” he said.(2018全国卷,阅读理解C篇) It is impossible to prove the (exist) of God. Could you tell us when the custom came into_ (exist)? An
3、organization was brought existence to deal with the matter.,existed,existence,existence,into,-4-,高频词汇,难点句型,2.defeat vt.战胜,击败 高考佳句 Only five years after Steve Jobs death,smart-phones defeated conventional PCs in sales.史蒂夫乔布斯死后仅五年,智能手机在销售中就击败了传统的个人电脑。(2017江苏卷,单项填空) defeat sb打败某人 suffer a defeat战败;遭受挫败
4、 bring defeat upon oneself招致失败 词义精析 (1)defeat既可以表示战胜比赛或竞技对手,也可以表示在战争中打败敌人; (2)beat主要用于竞技或比赛中战胜对手,另有“拍打,心跳”等意; (3)win则用表示比赛、战斗、奖品、荣誉、好感等的词汇做宾语。,-5-,高频词汇,难点句型,用defeat的恰当形式填空 Being the coach of the new team,I was excited because I knew we were going to win,but to my disappointment we .(2018天津卷,完形填空) Da
5、maged but not ,he was still ahead of me.(2016全国卷,完形填空) Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to helpan enemy.,were defeated,defeated,(to) defeat,-6-,高频词汇,难点句型,用beat,win或defeat的恰当形式填空 In 1931,Addams became th
6、e first American woman_ the Nobel Peace Prize.(2016全国卷,阅读理解A篇) Dance,like the pattern of a heart,is life.(2018全国卷,语法填空),to win,beating,-7-,高频词汇,难点句型,3.earn vt.挣得,赚得,赢得(名誉、地位、赞扬、尊敬等) earnings n.所赚的钱;收入 高考佳句 These people earn a living wage for their professional knowledge and skills.这些人因其专业知识和技能而赚得生活工
7、资。(2018江苏卷,任务型阅读) earn a living谋生,度日 earn money挣钱 earn respect赢得尊重 earn a reputation/fame as.赢得名声 earn profit赢得利润 earn sb sth给某人赢得某物,-8-,高频词汇,难点句型,用earn的恰当形式填空 The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance_ their Aviation badge.(2018北京卷,阅读理解B篇) Sarah was told that she could be Britains ne
8、w supermodel,a million dollars in the next year.(2017全国卷,语法填空) We had to our allowance (零用钱) by doing chores around the house.(2016浙江卷,阅读理解D篇) For many years,the majority of Irish people their living as farmers.,to earn,earning,earn,earned,-9-,高频词汇,难点句型,4.determine vt.决心,决意,确定,决定 determination n.决心,
9、确定,决定 高考佳句 She is determined to carry on with her education. 她决定继续她的教育。(2017全国卷,语法填空) determine sb against sth使某人决定不做某事 determine +从句 决定 determine to do sth决定做某事 be determined to do sth下决心做某事 be determined that.下决心 determine on决定,对下定决心,-10-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 (determine) where we are in relation to ou
10、r surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.(2017江苏卷,单项填空) When considering a merger (兼并),for example,they have traditionally used size (determine) when to step in.(2017浙江卷,阅读理解C篇) Yet,I was determined (go) ahead.(2018北京卷,阅读理解A篇),Determining,to determine,to go,-11-,高频词汇,难点句型,写作升级 Yest
11、erday,I sat with my son,Shepherd,and I was determined to test my own theory on this. 满分表达 Yesterday,I sat with my son,Shepherd,my own theory on this.(2018全国卷,阅读理解D篇),determined to test,-12-,高频词汇,难点句型,5.aware adj.知道的,意识到的,明白的 unaware adj.没有意识到的 awareness n.意识 高考佳句 Everybody can buy takeaway food,but
12、sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.每个人都可以买外卖食物,但有时候我们并没有意识到我们自己就能多么便宜地制作出这种食物。(2018全国卷,阅读理解B篇) (1)(be)aware of意识到 be aware that.意识到 make sb aware of sth使某人知道某事 as far as Im aware据我所知 (2)raise ones awareness about/of提高某人的意识,-13-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 A childs day is fille
13、d with fascination,newness and wonder.Curiosity gave us all a natural (aware).(2018天津卷,阅读理解D篇) By the time they started secondary schoolat age 11children were already far more aware their image online.(2018江苏卷,阅读理解D篇) People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to th
14、e mobile phone,quite (aware) of what is going on around them.,awareness,of,unaware,-14-,高频词汇,难点句型,Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised (aware) of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.(2016全国卷,阅读理解A篇) For this courier job,you
15、re consciously aware in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.(2016全国卷,阅读理解C篇),awareness,that,-15-,高频词汇,难点句型,6.bargain n.交易,协议;便宜货,廉价品 vi.讨价还价,讲价 高考佳句 Wed better leave ourselves some bargaining room.我们最好给自己留下讨价还价的空间。(2018上海卷,听力) make a bargain with sb和某人成交,和某人
16、达成协议 bargain with sb over sth与某人就某事讨价还价 a real bargain真正的便宜货 a good bargain便宜货,赚钱的生意 be offered at a bargain price廉价出售,-16-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 But as a big-time (bargain) hunter,I know the value of a dollar. You should have bargained the shopkeeper over the price of your laptop. I bought a dress for o
17、nly 10 dollars in the sale; it was_ real bargain. All the goods in the store are offered a bargain price.,bargain,with,a,at,-17-,高频词汇,难点句型,7.ashamed adj.羞耻的;惭愧的 shame n.羞愧,羞耻 高考佳句 I was ashamed of myself. 我对自己感到羞愧。(2016浙江卷,完形填空) (1)be ashamed of因感到羞愧 be ashamed that .对感到羞愧 be ashamed to do羞于做;因难为情而不
18、愿意做 (2)to ones shame 令某人羞愧的是 Its a shame to do sth做某事是可耻的 bring shame on为蒙羞 What a shame!真遗憾!,-18-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 I am ashamed (admit) that Ive never read any of his books. Having a baby in her unmarried state would have brought shamethe family in China. I feel (shame) to put you to all this troub
19、le.,to admit,on,ashamed,-19-,高频词汇,难点句型,8.annoy vt.使不悦,使烦恼,打搅 annoyance n.恼怒,烦恼,不高兴,使人烦恼的事 annoying adj.使人生气或烦恼的 annoyed adj.感到烦恼的 高考佳句 Or we think its annoying and unnecessary.或者我们认为这是令人烦恼和不必要的。(2018全国卷,阅读理解D篇) annoy sb使某人烦恼,使某人不悦 be annoyed with sb对某人生气,对某人厌烦 be annoyed that.烦恼 be annoyed by被惹恼 be
20、annoyed at/about sth因某事而生气,-20-,高频词汇,难点句型,用annoy的恰当形式填空 It is without doubt of all. 这无疑是所有的事情当中最令人烦恼的。 (2017天津卷,阅读理解D篇) Do you find yourself getting impatient or with people over unimportant things?(2016上海卷,语法和词汇) That can be thats why some people feel sick. It sometimes requires the reader to toler
21、ate unpleasantness or . 写作升级 But her cold voice really annoyed me.(2016全国卷,完形填空) 满分表达But me was her cold voice.,the most annoying,annoyed,annoying,annoyance,what really annoyed,-21-,高频词汇,难点句型,9.appeal vi.吸引,引起兴趣;呼吁,恳求 n.请求,呼吁;上诉 appealing adj.有吸引力的,恳求的 高考佳句 Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound p
22、retty appealing.更少的排放和更便宜的旅行听起来非常吸引人。(2018北京卷,阅读理解D篇) appeal to sb吸引某人,呼吁某人 appeal for sth呼吁提供某物 appeal to sb for sth向某人呼吁提供某物 (make an) appeal to sb for sth/to do sth呼吁某人(做)某事,-22-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 .suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room to see if any of the instruments there appealed
23、him.(2017四川卷,完形填空) Any given performance takes a tour bus full of artists,technical experts,managers,musicians,or writers to create an_ (appeal) piece of art.(2018江苏卷,任务型阅读) Theyre appealing clothes and blankets to send to the disastrous region. 写作升级 Besides,businesses seek to attract customers sens
24、es. 满分表达 Besides,businesses seek customers senses.,to,appealing,for,to appeal to,-23-,高频词汇,难点句型,10.advance vi.前进;取得进展 n.前进,进展 advancement n.前进; 促进; 进展; 晋升 高考佳句 Thanks to the advanced technology,we live in an age of bettered communication. 多亏了先进的技术,我们生活在一个更好交流的时代。 advance sth提升,把提前 advance on/towards
25、 sb/sth朝某人行进;向/为某事前进 advance in knowledge在知识方面先进 in advance提前 advanced English高级英语 advanced technology先进的技术,-24-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 You need to pay three months rent advance,plus a deposit of 100 pounds.(2018上海卷,听力) The coming technological (advance) presents a chance for cities and states to develop
26、transportation systems designed to move more people,and more affordably.(2018北京卷,阅读理解D篇) Despite recent (advance) in 3D food printing,the industry has many challenges to overcome.(2018天津卷,阅读理解C篇),in,advancement,advancements,-25-,高频词汇,难点句型,写作升级 He would call to make sure there was no alcohol at the p
27、arty ahead of time. 满分表达 He would call to make sure there was no alcohol at the party.(2017天津卷,阅读表达),in advance,-26-,高频词汇,难点句型,11.give away 颁发(奖品);捐赠,赠送;放弃(机会等),泄露(秘密等) 高考佳句 Body language can give away a lot about your mood,so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being d
28、efensive. 肢体语言可以透露许多你的心情信息,所以双臂交叉站着可能释放你有防备的信号。 give up放弃 give off放出(气味、热、光) give in屈服,投降;提交(+to sb) give out散发;分发,分配;发表;精疲力竭,用尽 give way to撤退;让步,让路;让优先 give back归还;恢复;反射(光、声音等),-27-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give_ VOCs when being attacked.(2017全国卷,阅读理解D篇) That
29、weekend,we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave them away the people there. On December 1,1955,in Montgomery,Alabama,Rosa Parks would not give her seat on a bus to a white passenger.(2016全国卷,阅读理解A篇),out,to,up,-28-,高频词汇,难点句型,12.drop out(of sth)退出,退学 高考佳句 What does the woman regret? Dropping out of
30、college. 那女子遗憾什么? 从大学退学。(2018浙江卷,听力) drop behind/back落后,后退,落在后面 drop by/in/round顺便访问 drop off (数量、兴趣等)下降;小睡;打盹儿;(让人)下车 drop sb a line给某人写信 drop in at a place顺便参观某地 drop in on sb非正式访问某人;顺便来访某人,-29-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 After class,I learned from the teacher that my deskmate(drop) out of school if he hadn
31、t been helped by others. When Peter saw that he hadnt a chance to win,he dropped_ of the race. After that,feeling the need to explore further,I decided to drop_ on one of ASL clubs meetings.(2017 全国卷,完形填空),would have dropped,out,in,-30-,高频词汇,难点句型,13.go through 经历,遭受;仔细检查;用完;(法律、合同等正式)通过;浏览 高考佳句 The
32、Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards. 过渡期现在正在通过碰撞测试,以确保它符合联邦安全标准。(2017全国卷,阅读理解C篇) go through with完成/做完艰难的(令人不快的)事 go on继续下去;发生 go against违反;违背(意愿等) go about继续做,四处走动,流传,-31-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Our family will go a trip next month and need a suitcase
33、.(2018江苏卷,书面表达) Im an ambitious writer,and when I started going_ chemo(化疗),even though Im a very positive person,I lost my drive to write. As you go this book,you will find that each of the millions of people who lived through World War had a different experience.,on,through,through,-32-,高频词汇,难点句型,1
34、4.to be exact确切地说,精确地说 高考佳句 To be exact,other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions. 确切地说,其他的人会扩展我们的智力,帮助我们理解和调整我们的情绪。(2016江苏卷,任务型阅读) to be exact=exactly speaking确切地说,精确地说 to be honest=honestly speaking老实说 to be frank=frankly speaking坦白地说 to be brief=brief
35、ly speaking简短地说,-33-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 There are over 2,000 students in our school; ,there are 2,018. 我们学校有2000多名学生,确切地说是2018名。 写作升级 Then one dayJanuary 1,2007,to be exactmy husbands doctor uttered an unthinkable word: leukemia(白血病). 满分表达Then one day, ,January 1,2007,my husbands doctor uttered an unthi
36、nkable word: leukemia(白血病).,to be exact,exactly speaking,-34-,高频词汇,难点句型,1.There are certainly no signs that Charles was a rich man!(Page 8)当然没有迹象表明查尔斯曾经是一个富人! that 引导同位语从句句型 (1)句中的that 用以引导一个同位语从句,解释前面的名词signs的具体内容。 (2)在news,information,fact,word (消息),idea,advice,promise,chance,possibility,belief,ev
37、idence,fact,truth等名词后常可跟同位语从句,用以解释前面中心词的内容。 (2)that引导同位语从句时,that在同位语从句中不充当任何成分,但that不可省略。,-35-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 The idea I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years.(2018北京卷,阅读理解A篇) This is usually interpreted as a sign todays parents are trying to manage their childrens lives. 单句改错 While the fear
38、hung over my head,there were also signs which I was headed down the right path.(2017天津卷,完形填空)It is a logical consequence of the simple fact the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead.(2017北京卷,阅读理解D篇),that,that,whichthat,fact后加上that,-36-,高频词汇,难点句型,2.No,Im much happier now.(Page 8)
39、不,我现在快乐得多。 形容词比较级前修饰语 此处隐含现在比以前快乐很多的意味,故用比较级;句中的much修饰happier表示程度。在形容词、副词比较级前常用much,far,a little,a lot,even,rather,a bit,slightly等修饰,但不可用quite,very等修饰。,-37-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Its much (easy) to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explai
40、ning how busy you are.(2017全国卷,七选五) What is even (interest) is that one of Steins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.(2018浙江卷,阅读理解B篇) 单句改错 Italy,which has a very weaker tradition of immigration,has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years.(2017浙江卷,阅读理解C篇),
41、easier,more interesting,verymuch,-38-,高频词汇,难点句型,3.Every year,approximately 1.6 billion tons of soil flows into the Yellow River,Chinas second longest river.(Page 12)每年,大约有十六亿吨的土壤注入中国第二大河流,黄河。 两种使用最高级的句型 (1)表示在一定范围内的“第几”用最高级表示。 (2)表示“最之一”的概念常用“one of the+最高级+复数名词”。,-39-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 The event cel
42、ebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening,making it one of (popular) events in gardening.(2017全国卷,阅读理解A篇) As we all know,Mount Kenya is Africas second_ (high) mountain. 单句改错 But gold was discovered there in 1897,and two years later,it was one of the largest city in
43、 the West,with a population of 30,000.(2018全国卷,阅读理解B篇),the most popular,highest,citycities,-40-,高频词汇,难点句型,4.If so,it is time for you to think again.(Page 12)如果这样的话,你需要再考虑一下了。 If.省略句型 句中if so意为“如果这样的话”,是一个省略句。由if构成的省略句还常见以下几种: (1)if not“如果不的话” (2)if ever“如果曾有过的话” (3)if necessary“如果必要的话” (4)if possibl
44、e“如果可能的话”,-41-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 ,take another look at other methods you could try. 如果不行,再看看你可以尝试的其他方法。 (2017全国卷,语法填空) ,come early to the talk at 7:30 pm by Jules Skye,a successful record producer. 如果这样的话,请早点来参加在晚上七点半由一位成功的音乐制作人 Jules Skye所作的报告。(2016全国卷,阅读理解A篇) The island is seldom, ,visited by ships.这
45、个岛难得有船停靠。,If not,If so,if ever,-42-,高频词汇,难点句型,5.Its no bigger than a credit card!(Page 14) 它就像一张信用卡那么大! “no+比较级+than.”句型 (1)“no+比较级+than.”表示“和一样不”,相当于“as+该形容词的反义词原级+as.”; (2)注意比较:“not+比较级+than.”表示“不比” 。,-43-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 They (new devices) are the old. 它们(新装置)和旧装置一样不好。(2018全国卷,阅读理解D篇) The park in
46、their city is . 他们城里的公园不比我们城里的公园大。 The children did the chimps on the physical world tests. 关于物质世界的测试,孩子们和黑猩猩一样做得不好。(2016江苏卷,阅读理解A篇),no better than,not bigger than that in ours,no better than,1.My fund-raising focus also gave me new (motivate) to exercise regularly.(2017天津卷,完形填空) 2.By the 1920s,wolv
47、es had (practice) disappeared from the Yellowstone area.(2017全国卷,阅读理解C篇) 3.What he told us was of great importance.And more _ (important),we should try to do what we should do at present. 4.The (true)is that the young boys performance was excellent. 5.Mrs Lee earned a chance to travel abroad.She wanted one of her two sons to go with,but of them would accept her offer.,
