1、Unit 1 ArtGrammar and Useful StructuresTeaching Aims1 .Knowledge AimHelp the students to use the subjunctive mood correctly in different situations.2. Ability AimTo learn the subjunctive mood freely and properly in speaking and writing.3. Emotional Aims1) Encourage the students learn more about the
2、grammar.1) Help the students to form the good habit in learning.2) Encourage the students to do more exercise consolidate the knowledge. Teaching Important PointEnable the students to use the correct form o f of the subjunctive moodTeaching Difficult PointTo know the differences between the attribut
3、ive and the predicative.Teaching Methods:Summarizing, comparative method; practicing activitiesTeaching AidsMulti-media classroom and other normal teaching toolsTeaching ProcedureStep GreetingGreet the whole class.Step DictationStep Homework checking Step Grammar虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心
4、测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况： 与过去事实相反。 与现在事实相反。 与将来事实可能相反I:虚拟条件句:1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式 (be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +
5、 动词原形。If places were a like, there would be little need for geographers.如果各个地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了。2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。If he had known your address yesterday, he would have telephoned you.3. 虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。If 从句的谓语形式用一般过
6、去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should/could/ might +动词原形。 If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday4. 省略if 采用倒装语序的条件句。有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if省去，而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exams.Were he to leave today, he w
7、ould get there by Friday.Were I in your place, I wouldnt do that.5混合虚拟语气 有时主句和从句的谓语动词指不同的时间，这时需要用混合虚拟语气。一般来说，在这种情况下，主从句谓语动词指代的时间不同，所以我们又可以错综时间条件句，在这种虚拟情况，动词形式应根据实际情况灵活使用，在做这些题目时候尤其要注意每道题目的提示语：时间状语。绝大多数情况下，从句或者主句都有相关的时间状语，这是我解题的关键。 If you _ that late movie last night, you wouldnt be so sleepy. A. hav
8、ent watched B. didnt watch C. hadnt watched D. wouldnt have watched 答案选C。Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now. 混合虚拟语气还有一种情况就是事实和虚拟假设的混合句，这样的句子不仅仅是时间的不同，而重要是事实和假设的混合。 I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was f
9、ully occupied the whole of last week. 该句前半部分是假设虚拟，而后半部分是事实的陈述。 Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time. 该句前半句用的是假设虚拟，后半句主句也用的是假设虚拟（如果你去并且解释的话），但是后半句的从句用的是事实语气，因为“父母病了”是客观事实，故不需要用虚拟形式had been。 6. 含蓄
10、虚拟条件句 含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：（1）介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 Without the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadnt been the leadership of the party, we
11、could not be living a happy today. A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 答案选B。 (2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若)，for fear that(唯恐 )，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是就好了)等。 She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wan
12、ted. =if she listened carefully, she might discover exactly what he wanted. If only I had more money, I could buy a car. (注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 Care must be
13、taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 II: wish 后的 that 从句中:1. 表示现在或将来的愿望,从句中过去式.I wish I knew his address.I wish I were young.2. 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望, 从句用过去完成式或 would, could, might + have + 过去分词.I wish you had written to him.I wish I could have slept longer this m
14、orning, but I had to get up and come to class.3. 如果将wish改成wished, 其后 that 从句中的动词形式不变.4. 如果that 从句中用 would , 一般表示 对现状不满或希望未来有所改变或请求I wish he would answer my letter.I wish prices would come down.I wish you would help me.I wish you would stop asking silly questions.Step ExercisesEx.1-4 in using structures on page 43.Then check the answers.Prepare for the Listening and Talking on page 41.Step HomeworkPrepare for the Listening and Talking on page 41Afterthoughts
