专题1.3 Grammar --七年级英语人教版(下册)培优讲义含答案

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1、 一、情态动词的基本用法一、情态动词的基本用法 情态动词是表示说话人的语气、情态等的一类词。如:can(能,会)、may(可以),以后我们还将学到 must(必须)、should(应该)、would(应该、想要)等。情态动词在运用时有以下三方面的特征: 1. 情态动词无主语人称及单复数的变化。 They can play the piano. She can speak a little English. You may watch TV after supper. 2. 情态动词在句中运用时,后接动词原形。 The girl can sing English songs. I can pla

2、y Chinese chess. 3. 含情态动词的肯定句变为一般疑问句时,将情态动词提至句首,后加?;变否定句时,在情态动 词后加上not即可。 This boy can dance well. Can this boy dance well? (一般疑问句) Yes, he can. / No, he cant. This boy cant dance well. (否定句) 二、情态动词二、情态动词 can 的用法小结的用法小结 can 是情态动词,意为能;会,表示某人或某物具备的能力,还可用来提出请求,没有人称和数的 变化,后面直接接动词原形。下面来看一下它的具体用法。 1. 表示有能

3、力做某事,意为能;会。 I can speak English.我会讲英语。 He can play basketball.他会打篮球。来 【典例】I hear you have a home robot. Yes, its amazing. It _ do all my housework. A. must B. should C. could D. can 【答案】D 【解析】我听说你有一个家用机器人。是的,它真令人惊奇。它能做我的所有家务活。Must 2. 表示许可,意为可以。 You can sit here.你可以坐在这儿。 【典例】Can you please have a wal

4、k with me? Sorry, I _. I have something important to do now. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. may not 【答案】C 【解析】Could/Can you.?是一个表示请求对方许可的句型,意为你可以吗?,肯定回答 用Sure./Yes, I can.,否定回答通常用Sorry, I cant.。学#科%网 3. 情态动词 can 表示推测,意为可能,常用语否定句、疑问句中。 It cant be a cat. It has a short tail. 它不可能是猫,它有一个短尾巴。 【典例】Is tha

5、t girl under the tree Mary? No, it _ be Mary. She is in Beijing now. A. cant B. neednt C. wouldnt D. shouldnt 【答案】A 【解析】本题用语境判断法。由答语第二句她现在在北京可知,树下的那个女孩不可能是玛丽。 表示否定的推测,应用 cant。 下面一起来看一下 can 的句型变换: (1)变为否定句 变为否定句时在情态动词 can 后加 not,缩写为 cant。 She cant play the piano. 她不会弹钢琴。 (2)变为一般疑问句 变为一般疑问句时直接将情态动词 ca

6、n 提到句首。肯定回答为:Yes, 主语can.否定回答为:No, 主语 cant. Can you speak Japanese? 你会讲日语吗?Yes, I can./No, I cant.是的,我会。/不,我不会。 【注意】用 Certainly.作肯定回答,语气更肯定;用 Sorry.作否定回答,语气则更委婉、客气。 Can you sing? 你会唱歌吗?Certainly, I can.我当然会。 Sorry, I cant.很抱歉,我不会。 (3)变为特殊疑问句 变为特殊疑问句时,其句型通常为疑问词can主语动词原形? What can you do? 你会做什么? 含情态动词

7、can 的句子的句式变换 否定句/一般疑问句及回答方式 否定句 主语cannot动词原形其他. 一般疑问句 Can主语动词原形其他? 肯定回答 Yes,主语can. 否定回答 No,主语cant. 含情态动词 can 的特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词can主语动词原形其他? What can you read? 你能读什么? 提问名词(词组)、代词 特殊疑问词一般疑问句画线部分(要提问的部分)? 提问动词 (词组) 特殊疑问词一般疑问句画线部分(要提问的部分)do?(即用 do 替代画 线部分) 【典例】1.Mom, can I play tennis? _ right now. Id like

8、you to help me with the housework. A. No, you can B. Yes, you cant C. Yes, you can D. No, you cant 【答案】D 【解析】根据答语后一句可知现在不能去打网球,故回答为否定的,排除 B、C,又因为 A 选项前后矛盾, 故选 D。学科网 2. She can draw a picture. (对画线部分进行提问) _can she _? 【答案】What; draw 3. She can draw a picture. (对画线部分进行提问) _ can she_? 【答案】What; do 【注意】情

9、态动词 can 没有数和人称的变化,其后总跟动词原形 She can do it well.她能做好它。 情态动词 can,可以表示能力,意为会,能。 I can swim and skate.我会游泳和滑冰。 【典例】I hear you have a home robot. Yes, its amazing. It _ do all my housework. A. must B. should C. could D. can 【答案】D I. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. I cant_ (play) chess with you.I have too much homewor

10、k to do. 2. Can your parents _ (speak) English? Yes, they can. 3. What can your sister _ (do)? 4. Can you_ (swim) in the swimming pool with us on weekends? 5. Jim _ (can not) dance. II. 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。 6. 你妹妹会游泳吗? _your sister _? 7. 凯特会做什么? What _Kate _? 8. 艾丽斯不会下象棋。 Alice _ _ chess. 9. 我会弹吉他。来源:学#

11、科#网 Z#X#X#K I _ _ _ _. 10. 你会讲汉语吗?不会。 _ you _ Chinese? No, I _. III. 按要求完成下列句子,每空一词。 11. I can speak Chinese well.(改为一般疑问句) _you _Chinese well? 12. Tom can ride a horse.(改为否定句) Tom _ _ a horse. 13. My father can speak English well.(改为一般疑问句) _ _ father_ English well? 14. She can draw. (对画线部分提问) _ _ s

12、he _? 15. Can Lin Fang and Li Mei play chess? (作肯定回答) _, _ _. 16. Can Kates sister play the violin? (作否定回答) _, _ _. IV. 单项选择。 17. (2016 重庆中考 B 卷)He _ speak English very well although he has studied it for only one year. A. mustnt B. cant C. must D. can 18. (2015 广东省佛山市中考)Jenny finally got the job be

13、cause she _ speak English well. A. might B. must C. could 19.(2015 广东省茂名市中考)Mr Li is giving the lesson. _ it be Mr. Li speaking? But he has already gone to England. A. Shall B. Must C. Can 20.(2016 福建福州中考)Look at the young lady in red. Is it Mrs. King? No, It _ be her. She is wearing a white dress t

14、oday. A. can B. may C. must D. cant 21. Tom _ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. must 22. They _ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to 23. May I take this book out? No, you _. A. cant B. may not C. neednt D. aren

15、t 24. You _ go and see a doctor at once because youre got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would 25. Can you speak Japanese? No, I _. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. may not 26. He _ be in the classroom, I think. No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must;

16、 may not C. may; cant D. may; mustnt 27. Can I swim in the river, Grandpa? _. It is dangerous. A. Yes, you can B. No, you cant C. Yes, you need D. No, you neednt 28. Susan is good at English and she can _ some English songs. A. sing B. singing C. to sing D. to singing 29.(2016 临沂中考)Students _ enjoy

17、the colorful school life if they study at home instead of going to school. A. mustnt B. cant C. must D. can 30.(2015 北京中考)Jack, _ you ride a bike? Yes, I can. A. can B. may C. need D. must V. 阅读理解。 A Musicians wanted We want four good musicians for our rock band. Are you a musician? Can you sing? Ca

18、n you play the piano, the guitar or the drums? Do you want to be the best musician? If you want to join us, please send(发送) an e-mail. Our e-mail address is rockband2009pep. . Or you can call Mr. Liu at 7904566. Teachers needed Are you an art teacher? Can you paint(绘画) or draw well? Are you good wit

19、h children? We need two teachers for our art club. Please find Mrs. Wang for more information(信息) or call 6281183. 31. How many musicians do they want? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 32. What should you do if you want to join the rock band? A. Send an e-mail. B. Find Mrs. Wang C. Call 628 -1183

20、. D. Sing a song. 33. What can we know from the two ads(广告)? A. The art club has an e-mail address. B. Mrs. Wang is in the rock band. C. There are many children in the art club. D. The rock band needs three teachers. B There are many clubs in our school. Do you like playing pingpong? Mr. Wu can teac

21、h you.Come and join the pingpong club! You can have lessons on Friday and Saturday. Our school has a pingpong game every year.What about joining in it next year? Do you want to dance? Dancing is great.It helps you look good and be healthy.Join the dancing club and dance for the school art festival o

22、n May 27th.You can have lessons on Monday and Wednesday.Our beautiful art teachers, Ms. Li and Ms. Wu, will teach you. Everyone loves delicious food.I think you love it, too. How about joining the cooking club? Here Mrs. Ma can teach you to develop(养成) healthy eating habits, and make delicious and h

23、ealthy food.There are lessons on the weekend. You can ask your mom or dad to take the lessons, too. 34. The underlined word it refers to(指的是) _. A. the pingpong ball B. the pingpong club C. the pingpong game D. the pingpong lesson 35. The dancing lessons are on . A. Friday and Saturday B. Monday and

24、 Wednesday C. Wednesday and Friday D. Saturday and Sunday 36. The underlined phrase the cooking club means _ in Chinese. A. 烹饪俱乐部 B. 旅游俱乐部 C. 生活俱乐部 D. 家庭俱乐部 37. What can we know from the passage? A. Mr. Wu is good at playing basketball. B. Ms. Li is a math teacher. C. There is a school art festival

25、every year. D. Parents can join the cooking club. 38. What is the best title(最佳标题) for the passage? A. Clubs are boring B. Clubs want you C. My favorite clubs D. Clubs help us a lot VI. 完形填空。 Look! There 39 many kites in the 40 . They are red, yellow and blue. I like 41 kites 42 much. But I cant fly

26、 very 43 . My brother Peter can do 44 well. He often 45 me fly kites. We go out 46 our kites every Sunday. 47 my brothers help, now I can fly 48 . 39. A. is B. are C. has D. have 40. A. the house B. my home C. sky D. wall 41. A. fly B. to fly C. flying D. flies 42. A. very B. so C. too D. as 43. A.

27、good B. nice C. well D. high 44. A. them B. it C. this D. fly 45. A. helps B. help C. let D. ask 46. A. and B. take C. carry D. with 47. A. Under B. With C. For D. After 48. A. kite B. it C. kites D. them I. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. play 2.speak 3.do 4.swim 5.cant II.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。 6. Can; swim 7.can;

28、do 8.cant play 9.can play the guitar 10.Can; speak; cant III.按要求完成下列句子,每空一词。 11. Can; speak 12.cant ride 13. Can your; speak 14. What can; do 15. Yes; they can 16. No; she cant IV. 单项选择。 18. C【解析】句意:因为吉娜英语讲得好,所以她最后得到了这份工作。might 可以,可能;表示允许与推 测;must 必须,表示主观愿望;一定,表示推测;could 能够,表示过去的能力。可能,表示推测。 本题表示她具有讲

29、好英语的能力,故选 C。 19. C【解析】句意:李老师在上课。会是李老师在上课吗?他已经去了英国了。shall 要,将要, 表示将来的助动词;must 必须,强调主观愿望;can 能,会,表示主语所具备的能力;可能,用于疑 问句中表示推测。故选 C。 20. C【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意:看那个穿着红色衣服的年轻女士。它是金夫人吗?不 是,那肯定不是她。今天她穿着白色的裙子。情态动词表示否定猜测时经常用 cant。mustnt 表示禁 止,千万别,一定不要。结合句意可知选 C。 2126 ADABBC 27. B【解析】由 Can.?开头的一般疑问句,其肯定回答为Yes, .can.,

30、否定回答为No, .cant.,故 排除 C、D 两项;再由答语后一句很危险可知,不能在河里游泳,故选否定回答的 B 项。 28. A【解析】情态动词 can 后跟动词原形,故选 A。 29. B【解析】句意:如果学生在家学习而不去上学,他们就_享受丰富多彩的学校生活。由句意可 知选 cant 不能。故选 B。 30. A【解析】询问某人会不会做某事,用情态动词 can。 V. 阅读理解。 A 文章大意:本文叙述了两个广告,广告一:叙述了要招聘 4 名音乐家,短文介绍了招聘的条件及联系方式。 广告二:叙述了要招聘 2 名美术老师,如果想了解更多的信息可以咨询王夫人,或打这个 628 -1183

31、 电话。 31. C【解析】细节理解题。 根据 We want four good musicians for our rock band.可知需要 4 名音乐家,故选 C。 32. A【解析】细节理解题。根据 If you want to join us, please send(发送)an e-mail. 可以发送一个邮件,所以 选 A。 33. C【解析】推理判断题。根据 Are you good with children?可推知俱乐部里有一些孩子,故选 C。 B 【文章大意】短文重点向学生介绍了学校里的三个俱乐部:乒乓球俱乐部,舞蹈俱乐部和烹饪俱乐部。介 绍了它们的活动时间以及授课老

32、师,如果有这方面爱好和需求的学生可以报名参加。 36. A【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文中的句子Here Mrs. Ma can teach you to develop(养成) healthy eating habits, and make delicious and healthy food.制作美味健康的食物, 应该加入烹饪俱乐部, 故答案为 A。 37. D【解析】细节判断题。根据Do you like playing ping pong?Mr. Wu can teach you.判断,吴老师擅长 打乒乓球;根据Our beautiful art teachers,Ms. Li and

33、Ms. Wu,will teach you.判断,李女士是美术 老师;根据Our school has a ping pong game every year可知,学校每年举办一次乒乓球比赛;根据 短文最后一句You can ask your mom or dad to take the lessons,too.可知,也可以邀请父母加入烹饪 俱乐部,故正确答案为 D。学#科 4 网 38. B【解析】主旨大意题。A. Clubs are boring 俱乐部无聊;B. Clubs want you 俱乐部需要你的参与;C. My favorite clubs 我最喜欢的俱乐部;D. Clubs

34、 help us a lot 俱乐部对我们的帮助很大。通读全文可知,这 是一则招收俱乐部成员的宣传广告,故 B 答案更具有概括性。 VI. 完形填空。 【文章大意】你喜欢放风筝吗?放风筝是一件很有趣的事情。作者一开始放得不好,但是他的哥哥很擅长 这件事。最后在哥哥的帮助下,作者也能把风筝放得很好了。 39. B【解析】句意:看!天空中有很多风筝。is 是,be 动词的形式,用于主语是单数的时候;are 是,be 动词的形式,用于主语是复数或是 you 的时候;has 有,第三人称单数;have 有,动词原形。这里是 There be 句型,并且空后 many kites 是复数形式,故选 B。

35、 40. C【解析】句意:看!天空中有很多风筝。the house 房子;my home 我的家;sky 天空;wall 墙。根据 常识可知,风筝是飞在天空中的,故应选 C。 42. A【解析】句意:我非常喜欢放风筝。vey 很,非常;so 如此;too 也;太; as 像,作为。这里 very much 是固定短语,非常,修饰谓语动词 like。 43. C【解析】句意:但是我放得不是很好。good 好的,形容词;nice 好看的,好的;well 好,副词;high 高的,形容词。这里填的词是来修饰动词 fly 的,应该用副词,四个选项中只有 C 是副词,故选 C。 44. B【解析】句意:

36、我的哥哥 Peter 能做得很好。them 他们; it 它;this 这个;fly 飞。这里的代词 it 代指 前面那句话的 fly kites 放风筝这件事,故选 B。 45. A【解析】句意:他经常帮助我放风筝。helps 帮助,是第三人称单数形式;help 动词原形;let 让; ask 问,请求。这里是 help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事,因为主语 He 是第三人称单数,故选 A。 46. D【解析】句意:每个星期天我们都带着我们的风筝出去。and 和,是并列连词; take 带走,动词;carry 携带,搬运;with 带着,带有,是介词。B 和 C 两个选项意思虽然合适,但是它们是一个动词,这句 话中已经有了谓语动词是 go out,故 B 不对,根据句意可知选 D。 47. B【解析】句意:在我的哥哥的帮助下,现在我能很好地放风筝了。Under 在下面;With 和一起; For 为了,因为;After 在之后。这里 with ones help 是固定短语,在某人的帮助下,故应选 B。 48. C【解析】句意:在我的哥哥的帮助下,现在我能很好地放风筝了。kite 风筝,单数形式;it 它;kites 是 复数形式;them 他们。fly kites 是固定短语,放风筝,故应选 C。

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