1、Welcome to the unit & ReadingLanguage Points .写出下列单词的汉语意思(共 10 题；每题 2 分，共 20 分) 1fiction n小说；虚构的事 2antique n古董，文物 3novelist n小说家 4chapter n(书的)章，篇，回；时期，时代 5author n作者 6twist n转折，转变；转动；急转弯 7plot n. 故事情节；阴谋，密谋 8rigid adj.死板的，僵化的，固执的；坚硬的，僵直的 9theme n主题，主题思想；主题音乐 10painter n画家 .写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共 12 题；每题 2
2、 分，共 24 分) 11poetry n诗歌poet n诗人 12characteristic n特征，特点 adj.典型的，独特的，特有的character n个性，品格； 人物，角色 13abuse vt.虐待；辱骂；滥用 14desperate adj.铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；非常需要，渴望desperately adv.拼命地， 绝望地desperation n绝望 15criminal n罪犯 adj.犯罪的，犯法的；刑法的，刑事的crime n罪，罪行 16tension n 紧张气氛； 紧张， 烦躁tense adj.令人紧张的，感到紧张的 v(使)变得紧张， (使)绷紧
3、17generous adj.慷慨的，大方的；宽厚的，仁慈的generosity n慷慨，大方；宽厚 18vain adj.虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的，无结果的 19civil adj.有教养的，有礼貌的；国民的，平民的；民事的(非刑事的) 20bent adj.弯曲的；驼背的；不诚实的 n.天赋，爱好 21theme n主题，主题思想；主题音乐 22violent adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，强烈的violence n暴力行为 .写出下列短语或者短语对应的汉语的意思(共 13 题；每题 2 分，共 26 分) 23be different from 与不同 24come out 出版，发行
4、25be bent on (doing) sth.决心做某事(通常指坏事) 26on the run 躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波 27give up 放弃 28live up to 达到，符合(期望) 29have nothing to do with 与无关 30be adapted from 改编自 31be based on 以为基础 32at a time 一次 33be set in 以为背景 34by the end of 到结束时 35be eager to do sth.渴望做某事 .完成句子(共 5 题；每题 6 分，共 30 分) 36They are novels，plays
5、 and poems that were written a long time ago and were so well written that people still read them nowadays. 它们是很久以前创作的小说、戏剧和诗歌。这些作品写得如此之好以至于今天人们仍然在阅 读它们。 37This makes them difficult for some people to read，so they are often left to gather dust on shelves. 这使得一些人阅读起来有困难，因此它们常常被遗忘在书架上，落满灰尘。 38Nobody w
6、ould bother to make these classic novels into films if they had nothing to do with contemporary life. 如果这些经典小说与现代生活没有任何关系的话，没人会花费精力将它们改编成电影。 39 Pips sister often abuses him， but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个淳朴、善良的人，他宁愿死也不 愿意看到皮普受到任何
7、伤害。 40Pip dislikes it when Joe comes to visit him in London. 当乔来伦敦看他时，皮普并不喜欢他来。 重点词汇 Because a lot of classics were written so long ago，their language characteristics are quite different from those of modern works.因为许多经典文学作品创作如此久远， 它们的语言特 色与现代文学作品的语言特色有相当大的区别。 characteristic n特征，特点 adj.典型的，独特的，特有的 b
8、e characteristic of sb./sth.be typical of 为特有的 (1)He always set about the job with his characteristic energy so we all admired him.他总是以他 特有的精力开始工作，所以我们都钦佩他。 (2)These small white houses are characteristic of the Greek islands. 这些白色的小房子是希腊群岛的特色。 易混辨析 characteristic，character characteristic 指某人或某物天生有别于
9、他人或他物的内部特质或外表特征。 character 指人的性格或者品质， 或者物的特性或特征； 指小说或者戏剧等中的人物或角色； 指文字、书写符号或印刷符号等。 选词填空 character，characteristic (3)Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers bodies develop adult characteristics，but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.(2017 浙江)
10、(4)We were respectful of craft(技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.(2017 全国) In 1995，an award- winning film based on Jane Austens novel Emma came out.在 1995 年，一部根据简 奥斯丁的小说爱玛改编的获奖影片问世。 come out 出版，发行；被揭晓；为人所知；(花)开放 一词多义 写出下列句子中 come out 的汉语意思 (1)The dictionary being p
11、rinted will soon come out.发行 (2)It was several weeks before the truth of the matter came out.被揭晓；为人所知 (3)I love it when the flowers start to come out.(花)开放 come up 被提出；出现；发生；长出地面 come up with 想出主意；提出 come on 快点；振作起来；加油；得了吧 come on in 进来吧 come across 偶遇；被理解 (4)The subject of salaries didnt come up at
12、 the meeting，which made us disappointed.在这次会 议上没有提及薪资的话题，让我们有点失望。 (5)The good news is that he came up with a good idea to solve the problem.好消息就是他想出了 一个好主意来解决这个问题。 (6)She came across some old photos under the bed one day. 一天，她在床底下发现了一些老照片。 Great Expectations is set in England in the early 1800s.远大前程
13、以 19 世纪早期的英国 为背景。 be set in 以为背景 set about doing sth. set out to do sth. 着手做某事 set aside 把放到一旁；省出、留出钱或时间等 set back 使受挫折；推迟；拨回钟表指针 set off 出发，动身；使爆炸，点燃；引起 set up 竖起；建起，建立 (1)He is addicted to the films set in the World War . 他对以二战为背景的电影上瘾。 (2)The hotel manager set aside two comfortable rooms for us.旅
14、店经理给我们留出了两间舒适的 房间。 (3)The snow this winter set back the building of our new house by two months.今年冬天的这场雪 使我们新房子的修建推迟了两个月。 (4)You can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race. 你可以为比赛前剩下的几周做一个时间表。 一句多译 (5)他们立刻着手采取行动。 They set about taking action at once.(set about) They set out to ta
15、ke action at once.(set out) 高级表达 (6)This is a nice film.It is set in a village in 2019. This is a nice film set in a village in 2019.(用非谓语动词改写) Pips sister often abuses him，but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip. 皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个淳朴、善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到 任何
16、伤害。 abuse vt.& n虐待；辱骂；滥用 abuse ones power 滥用某人的权力 abuse alcohol/drugs 酗酒/滥用毒品 human rights abuse 侵犯人权的行为 alcohol/tobacco/drug/child abuse 酗酒/嗜烟/滥用毒品/虐待儿童 abuse of power/position/authority 滥用权力 (1)When drunken，he often abuses his children for no reason.他经常在喝醉时无缘无故辱骂孩子。 (2)The government has set up a
17、working group to look into the problem of drug abuse. 政府已成立工作组调查滥用毒品问题。 (3)Every day the newspapers tell stories of children worldwide who are abused.每天报纸都在报道 世界各地遭受虐待的儿童的故事。 单句改错 (4)Some government leaders abused abusing their authority were arrested last week. Pip， who is seven years old when the
18、story begins，is in a foggy cemetery when a desperate criminal appears and frightens him. 故事开始时，七岁的皮普正在一个浓雾弥漫的墓地中，这时一个亡命之徒冒了出来，把他 吓坏了。 desperate adj.铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；非常需要，渴望 一词多义 写出下列句子中 desperate 的汉语意思 (1)The player was desperate for the gold medal，but he failed.渴望 (2)Troops are needed to help get food
19、 into the quake- hit area where people are in desperate need. 非常需要 (3)The prisoners become desperate in their attempts to escape.绝望的 be desperate for sth.渴望得到某物 be desperate to do sth.渴望做某事 in desperate need of 非常需要 desperately adv.绝望地，拼命地 desperation n绝望 in desperation 绝望地，拼命地 (4)Dale took his moth
20、ers advice，tried desperately(desperate) and after several attempts finally made it. Dale took his mothers advice，tried in desperation(desperate) and after several attempts finally made it.戴尔听从了母亲的建议，努力尝试了几次之后最终成功了。 一句多译 (5)毕业生毕业后都渴望得到好工作。 Graduates are desperate to get good jobs after graduation. Gr
21、aduates are desperate for good jobs after graduation. 单句改错 (6)They have been married for nearly two years and they are desperately desperate to have a baby. Money and education，however，change him，and before long he becomes vain and ashamed of his background.但是金钱和教育改变了他，不久他变得狂妄自负并为自己的身 世感到羞耻。 vain ad
22、j.虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的，无结果的 一词多义 写出下列句子中 vain 的汉语意思 (1)Dont believe in him.I think he is shallow，vain and untrustworthy.虚荣的 (2)He made a vain attempt to reach the big apple on the tree.徒劳的 be vain about/of.对很自负 make a vain attempt/effort 徒劳的尝试/努力 in vain 徒劳地；无意义地 try in vain to do sth.枉费心机地试图做某事 vainly adv.徒
23、劳地 (3)We tried in vain to make him change his mind. 我们试图使他改变想法，但一切都是徒劳的。 (4)They vainly(vain) tried to find out the strangers name. 他们想查出那个陌生人的姓名，却徒劳无功。 写作佳句 (5)We firmly believe that our efforts wont be in vain，and at last achieve success. 我们坚信我们的努力不会白费，最后我们会取得成功的。 单句改错 (6)The thief tried to escape
24、 from the house，but in a vain. Pip is bent on becoming a gentleman and winning Estellas love.皮普一心要成为一名绅 士，并赢得埃斯特拉的芳心。 be bent on (doing) sth.决心做某事 bend ones mind/efforts/thoughts to sth.专心于某事物 bend (sb.) to sth.迫使(某人)屈从某物 have a bent for sth.对有天赋或者爱好 (1)She is bent on taking part in the dancing cont
25、est to be held next month. 她决心要参加下个月举办的舞蹈比赛。 单句语法填空 (2)He was bent on winning(win) at all costs，which surprised all of us. (3)If the boy has a bent for music，give him piano lessons. 温馨提示 表示“决心要做某事，决定做某事”的其他表达方式：decide to do sth.；make a decision to do sth.； make up ones mind to do sth.； determine to
26、do sth.； be determined to do sth.等。 句型转换 (4)There were numerous diving spots in the area and Larry was determined to visit all of them. There were numerous diving spots in the area and Larry was bent on visiting all of them. 高级表达 (5)As she was bent on winning the first prize，she had been training ha
27、rd. Bent on winning the first prize，she had been training hard.(用非谓语动词改写) The film begins the same way as the novel doeswith FinnPip meeting a violent criminal on the run from the police.电影的开头和小说的开头一样费恩皮普遇见了一个为躲 避警察的追捕而四处逃亡的凶恶的犯人 on the run 在逃，躲避；不停地奔波，忙碌 in the long/short run 从长远/短期来看 a run of 一连串(
28、类似的)事件 make a run for 朝跑去 on the way 在路上 on the go 十分活跃；非常忙碌 (1)With three young children to take care of，Helen is kept on the run/on the go every minute of the day. 海伦照顾着三个小孩，整天都是忙忙碌碌的。 (2)Education is more valuable than money in the long run.从长远来看，教育比金钱更有价值。 (3)Go right home at once；dont stop off
29、anywhere on the way. 立刻直接回家去，别在路上随意停留。 (4)When the bell rings Dominic makes a run for the classroom door. 当铃声响起时，多米尼克跑向教室门口。 单句改错 (5)Two of the five robbers are still in on the run，so the police are still searching for them. .as it is not likely to live up to your great expectations. 因为它可能与你的远大前程不一致
30、。 live up to 达到，符合(期望) live on 继续生存，靠生活 live by doing sth.靠做某事赚钱为生 live through 经历灾难或其他困境而幸存 live with 容忍，忍受不愉快的事 live/lead a.life 过着的生活 (1)One ought to live up to what he knows to be right. 一个人应该去实践他所知道的正确的事情。 (2)It was becoming more and more difficult to live on his salary. 靠他的工资来生活变得越来越困难了。 (3)Lo
31、oking back，I dont know how I lived through those years. 回顾往事，我不知道我是怎么度过那些年的。 (4)In modern times， people have to learn to live with all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life. 在现代，尽管人们过着舒适的生活，但他们不得不学会忍受各种压力。 经典句式 This makes them difficult for some people to read，so they are of
32、ten left to gather dust on shelves. 这使得一些人阅读起来有困难，因此它们常常被遗忘在书架上，落满灰尘。 句中使用了“make宾语宾语补足语”的复合结构，形容词 difficult 作宾语补足语。 此结构中，宾语补足语可由名词、代词、形容词、不带 to 的不定式、过去分词、介词短 语等充当。 当该结构的宾语是动词不定式短语或从句时，多用 it 作形式宾语，而把动词不定式短语 或从句后置。 (1)Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the
33、 day. (2018 全国) 锻炼能使你的头脑更清醒，让你为处理好一天的事情做好准备。 (2)He burst into the room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry. 他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。 (3)Our English teacher often makes us retell the texts，which is beneficial to our English study. 我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文，这对我们的英语学习有益。 (4)The Internet makes it eas
34、ier for people to get the information they want. 互联网使得人们更容易地获取他们想要的信息。 温馨提示 make sb.do sth.结构变为被动语态时，省略的动词不定式符号 to 要补上。 (5)The police made them stand up against the wall. They were made by the police to stand up against the wall.警察让他们靠墙站着。 Pips sister often abuses him，but Joe is a kind and simple ma
35、n who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip. 皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个淳朴、善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到 任何伤害。 本句中 would rather do A than do B 的意思是“宁愿做 A 也不愿做 B”。若该结构前后连 接的两个动词相同，则 than 之后的那个动词可省去。 would rather do A than do B 也可以写成 would do A rather than do B，其用法及含义仍不 变。有时为加强语气，可将 rather than do.置于句首。 would ra
36、ther 常用于以下句型： would rather not do sth.宁愿不做某事 would rather do sth.than do sth. 宁愿做某事也不愿做某事 would rather have done sth.宁愿做过某事实际未做 would rather 后面跟从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即用一般过去时来表示现在或将来的 动作；用过去完成时表示过去的动作。 (1)She would listen to her classmates rather than her parents. 她宁愿听同学们的话，也不愿听父母的话。 (2)I would rather you beg
37、an(begin) to do the work at once by yourself. 我宁愿你立刻自己开始做这项工作。 (3)I would rather he had told(tell) me about the truth at that time. 我宁愿他那时告诉了我真相。 一句多译 (4)她宁愿跟我们一起去也不愿留下来。 She would rather go with us than stay behind.(would rather.than.) She would go with us rather than stay behind.(would.rather than
38、.) Rather than stay behind，she would go with us.(rather than.) Pip dislikes it when Joe comes to visit him in London.当乔来伦敦看他时，皮普并不喜欢他 来。 句中 dislike 是及物动词，it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语为 when 引导的从句。 英语中在表示喜爱、憎恶之类的动词后面常常不直接加宾语从句，而要用形式宾语 it， 然后再加真正的宾语从句，这样的动词有：appreciate，enjoy，like，dislike，love，hate， prefer 等。 一些动词短语后
39、面也常用 it 作形式宾语，后跟真正的宾语从句，常见的动词短语有： depend on，rely on，see to(确保)等。 (1)I hate/dislike it when I have to speak in French on the phone.我讨厌有时不得不用法语打电话。 (2)I like it when the sky is clear and high in autumn. 我喜欢秋天天高气爽的样子。 (3)Yon may depend/rely on it that they will support you.你相信好了，他们会支持你的。 单句改错 (4)I real
40、ly appreciate it that you show your great concern when your teacher doesnt feel well. .单句语法填空 1When the war was over，Tom was desperate to return(return) to a peaceful life. 2The mother with twin babies is always on the run. 3This computer will certainly live up to all your expectations if you buy it
41、，sir. 4The young man is bent on becoming a famous actor. 5It is characteristic(character) of him to forget to bring his keys. 6Everything was done to discover the missing boy，but in vain. 7I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent. 8It is extremely wrong to abuse(abuse) you
42、r wife and children. 9The teacher tried to make the sentence easier to understand(understand) 10John wants to see me today.I would rather he came(come) tomorrow than today. .完成句子 11I would rather travel along the Yangtze River than climb Mount Tai. 我宁愿去游览长江，也不愿爬泰山。 12Can you easily make yourself und
43、erstood in English? 你能用英语轻松地表达自己的思想吗？ 13I dislike it when people talk loudly in public while waiting for the bus. 我不喜欢人们在公共场所等公共汽车时大声说话。 14The film Monster Hunt was so interesting that the children liked it very much. 电影捉妖记 2那么有趣以至于这些孩子都很喜欢。 15New technologies have made it possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost. 新兴科技已经使速度更快且成本更低地生产新产品成为可能。
