1、1 话题素材 好词 1creative adj. 创造性的 2attitude n. 态度 3overcome v. 克服 4diligent adj. 勤奋的 5be determined to do 决心做 6have a gift/talent for 有天赋 7form a good habit 养成好的习惯 8find fault with. 对挑剔 9take interest in 对感兴趣 10go_over 复习 11be well known for 因出名 12on account of 由于 13take measures 采取措施 14enlarge ones voc
2、abulary 扩大词汇量 15have a good command of sth. 精通 佳句 1Useful_as words are, they can also harmful when we use them improperly. 尽管说话是有用的，但当我们运用不当时，也是有害的。 2It_was the harmful words that turned Jim into such a miserable situation. 正是这些有害的话使吉姆陷入这样一个悲惨的处境。,精美语篇 My Approach to Difficulties in Learning As high
3、 school students, we run into one difficulty after another in the process of learning. Everyone has their own way to deal with them. Here I would like to share mine. When I am faced with difficulty, I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or web pages. In this way, I can not only wo
4、rk it out but also improve my ability to overcome problems all by myself. However, when it comes to something beyond my competence, I turn to my classmates or teachers for help. Sometimes I also ask my parents for advice. As a result, I have made steady progress in my studies. 2 高频单词 1suspect (v.) 怀
5、疑 (n.) 嫌疑犯；可疑对象suspection (n.) 怀疑 2instruct (v.) 指导，教导instruction (n.) 指令，指示，教导 3distinguish (vt.) 区别；辩别 4alternative (adj.) 非传统的；另类的(n.)可能的选择；选择对象 5punishment (n.) 惩罚，处罚punish (vt.) 惩罚 6reflect (vt.) 反映；反射reflection (n.) 反映 7lack (vt.) 缺乏，没有 lacking (adj.) 缺乏的，不足的 8access (n.) (使用或见到的) 机会，权利accessi
6、ble (adj.) 可使用的；可见到的 9worthwhile (adj.) 值得努力的worthy (adj.) 值得的worth (adj.) 值，值得(n.) 价 值 10acquire (vt.) 获得，得到acquired (adj.) 后天的，获得的 11defence (n.) 保卫，保护defend (v.) 防御，保卫 12approve (v.) 赞成；认可；满意approval (n.)赞成；批准 13ignore (vt.) 忽视；不顾(n.) ignorance 无知，愚昧 14simplify (vt.) 简化simple (adj.) 简单的simply (ad
7、v.) 简单地；仅仅 15urge (vt.) 力劝，强烈要求urgent (adj.) 紧急的 16inspire (v.) 启发；鼓舞inspiration (n.) 灵感，启发inspired (adj.) 受到鼓舞的 inspiring (adj.) 鼓舞人心的 17beneficial (adj.) 有用的，有益的benefit (n.) 利益，好处 18assume (vt.) 假定，假设assumption (n.) 假定，假设 19adapt (vt.) (使)适应adaptation (n.) 适应；改编 20appreciation (n.) 欣赏appreciate (v
8、t.) 重视，鉴赏，感激 重点短语 1frankly_speaking 坦率地说 2lay_off 裁员；解雇 3aside_from 除之外 4to_a_certain_extent 在某种程度上 5set_off 使爆炸；引发 6be accustomed to 习惯于 7tend to 倾向于 8approve of 赞成 9as a whole 总的来说 10switch off 关闭 热点句型 1be about to do. “正要做某事” ，通常与 when 连用 Now Im_about_to_graduate from the School of Continuing Edu
9、cation at Qinghua University 3 with a Bachelors Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning.(教材 P36) 如今通过远程教育我就要从清华大学继续教育学院毕业了， 并会获得该院计算机工程学 的学士学位。 2Its time (that) “是的时候了” ，从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气形式，动词过 去式或“should动词原形” I decided that it was time I became an Internet user.(教材 P36) 我觉得该是我成为因特网用户的时候了。 3
10、wish 后的从句常用虚拟语气 Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion！(教材 P40) 有时我真希望能给他打个电话问问他的意见。 教材复现 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1In the past, if someone like me had failed to get into university through the college exam, he would _ (have) no chance of getting a degree. 答案：have had 2I ha
11、ve always dreamed _ starting my own company. 答案：of 3I got my grandson to instruct me on how to email and use the Internet and I really enjoy the speed at _ my messages get sent and answered. 答案：which 4I havent seen Mr Jenkins _ I left school but I often think about him. 答案：since 5I had no idea _ an
12、atom was and I didnt really want to know either! 答案：what 6I remember that he let me _ (pour) some powder into the rocket and then another student lit a flame to set it off. 答案：pour 7_ I caught him and a friend seeing who could spit the furthest off the school stage! 答案：Once 8_ seems obvious now how
13、we acquire knowledge and understanding. 答案：It 9At that time, people believed more in religion _ in facts and people like Galileo Galilei, who proved scientific ideas such as “the Earth is not the center of the universe”， were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence. 答案：than
14、10Its not surprising _ people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle. 答案：that 4 1 suspect vt.怀疑；觉得通常不用于进行时 n.嫌疑犯；可疑分子；被怀疑者 I suspect that they laid me off because the company was not doing that well but it still brought a lump to my thro
15、at and made me want to cry.(P36) 我怀疑他们裁掉我是因为公司经营得不是很好，但这仍然使我喉咙哽咽，并且想哭。 (1)suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事 suspect sb./sth. to be 怀疑某人/物是 suspect that. 怀疑/觉得 (2)a suspect of 的嫌疑犯 2013江苏高考He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change. 他怀疑是其他动物身上的进化才导致了这种变化。 牛津词典Who do the
16、 police suspect_of the crime? 警察怀疑谁(作的案)? 牛津词典I strongly suspect_that they are trying to get rid of me. 我强烈地感觉到他们要除掉我。 易混辨析 suspect 指“怀疑是” ，表示相信 doubt 指“怀疑不是” ，表示不相信 一言辨异 I suspect that he is more or less involved in the affair, but I doubt whether he will be removed from office as a result of that.
17、 我猜他和这件事多少有点牵连，但不知他是否会因此事被开除。 用 suspect/doubt 的适当形式填空 a朗文词典She strongly _ he was lying to her. b朗文词典Pilcher was _ of giving away government secrets to the enemy. c牛津词典I _ we will ever see him again. d朗文词典She loved him, and had never _ him. 答案：a.suspected bsuspected cdoubt ddoubted 2 instruct vt.命令；指
18、导；通知；教导；指示；吩咐 5 I got my grandson to instruct me on how to email and use the Internet and I really enjoy the speed at which my messages get sent and answered.(P36) 我让孙子教我怎样收发电子邮件和使用互联网，我真的很喜欢信息的传送和回复速度。 (1)instruct sb. in sth. 在方面指导某人 instruct sb. to_do_sth. 指示某人做某事 instruct that sb.(should)_do sth.
19、 命令某人做某事 (2)instruction nU教导；复数用法说明；指示，命令 follow the instructions 遵照说明 carry_out ones instructions 执行某人的命令 (3)instructive adj.有教育意义的；有指导性的 (4)instructor n辅导员，导师 特别提示 instruct 后跟 that 从句时，从句常用虚拟语气，即：谓语动词用(should)动词原形。 朗文词典Diane instructs_senior_citizens_in basic computer skills. 戴安娜指导老年人学习基本的电脑操作技巧。
20、朗文词典The teacher instructed_them_to_open their test sheets and begin. 老师指示他们打开试卷开始答题。 牛津词典We are_instructed by our clients that you owe them $300. 我们的委托人通知我们说你欠他们 300 美元。 2014湖南高考Write an English composition according to the instructions given below. 根据下面所给提示，写一篇英语作文。 2014广东高考I must say that I have t
21、he potential to work as an instructor. 我必须说，我有能力担任教官。 3 distinguish vt.区别，辨别；使具有某种特征 If the room hadnt been dark, he would have distinguished the two pictures.(P37) 如果房间不是太暗的话，他就会辨认出那两张照片了。 (1)distinguish between.and. 分辨，区分 distinguish.from. 辨别与 distinguish oneself 表现突出 6 (2)distinguished adj. 著名的，卓
22、越的，高贵的 be distinguished for 因而著称 be distinguished as 辨明为；称之为 2015天津高考For example, the robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. 例如，当一个人高兴或悲伤时这些机器人能分辨出。 2014北京高考Distinguish between research reports and public health advice. 区分研究报告和公共健康建议的区别。 朗文词典The bright feathers distinguish
23、the male peacock from the female. 雄孔雀鲜艳的羽毛使之与雌孔雀区别开来。 牛津词典She distinguished herself by her coolness and bravery. 她因头脑冷静、敢作敢为而为人称道。 Mo Yan is distinguished for his good knowledge of literature. 莫言因其文学知识丰富而出名。 4 lack v.缺乏，没有 n.缺乏，不足；短缺的东西 I know that I wasnt a willing student and I shouldnt have been
24、so difficult at school, but it was probably because I lacked confidence in myself.(P40) 我上学时不是一个特别上进的学生， 我知道自己本来不该那么叛逆， 但那也许是因为我 太缺乏自信了。 (1)lack sth. 缺乏/少某物(没有被动语态) (2)(a) lack of. 缺乏 for lack of 因缺乏 (3)lacking adj.缺少的，不足的(不置于名词前) be lacking in sth. 缺少某物 人教5At first I lacked confidence. 起初，我缺乏自信。 Th
25、ough lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university. 尽管缺钱，他的父母还是把他培养考入大学。 2014福建高考Strange as it may seem, if youre unsatisfied, the issue is not a_lack_of means to meet your desires but a_lack_of desiresnot that you cannot satisfy your tastes but that you dont have enough tastes. 尽管看起来
26、也许奇怪，如果你不满意，问题不是没有满足渴望的手段，而是没有渴望； 不是你不能满足自己的喜好，而是你没有足够的喜好。 牛津词典The project had to be abandoned for_lack_of funds. 工程因资金匮乏只得放弃。 7 朗文词典No one said she was_lacking_in determination. 没有人说她决心不足。 5 access n接近或进入之路；(使用或见到的)机会/权利 The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to childrens minds whe
27、n they are open and eager to learn.(P40) 作为老师，你可以在孩子们心灵顿开、渴望学习时走进他们的思想。 (1)access ton. 进入，通往的入口 gain/obtain/get/have access to 有权进入，有权使用 give access to 接见，准许进入 (2)accessible adj. 易到达的，易接近的；可进入的，可使用的 be accessible to sb. 可以为某人所接近/使用/了解 2014天津高考All students have_access_to the Writing Center on the upp
28、er floor of Douglas Hall. 所有学生都有权进入 Douglas Hall 的顶层的写作中心。 Across the world, 1.1 billion people have_no_access_to clean drinking water. 全世界有 11 亿人喝不到干净的饮用水。 外 研 6The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world, and its accessible through a computer. 互联网是世界上最大的信息资源库，只要通过一台电脑就可以访问。 Fran
29、k put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be_accessible_to the kids. 弗兰克把药放在最上面的抽屉里确保孩子们不容易够到。 6 worthwhile adj.值得努力的；值得做的 And if what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what Im doing is worthwhile.(P40) 如果我作为老师所做的能够帮助将一
30、个像格雷厄姆这样的孩子变成一个如此成功的成 年人，那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。 (1)It is worthwhileError! 值得做某事 (2)be worthyError! 值得被做(主语是动作的承受者) (3)be (well) worth doing (很)值得做某事(用主动形式表示被动含义) 8 2015天津高考He realized he would take a loss by selling it to us, but it was worthwhile. 他意识到卖给我们会有一定损失，但是仍觉得值得。 牛津词典 Nursing is a very worthwhil
31、e career. 护理职业是很值得干的职业。 2014重庆高考It_is really worthwhile to study the animals in Corbett. 在 Corbett 进行动物研究真的很值得。 牛 津 词 典 Its worthwhile taking/to_take the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees. 给新雇员详细解释一下工作要求，费点事也是值得的。 朗文词典Her achievements are worthy of being_praised. 她的成就值得奖赏。 Tickets for
32、a good concert are worth waiting for. 好的音乐会门票值得等。 一言串记 What has just happened is well worth focusing on. It is also worthy of being thought about by everyone present. Is it worthwhile to spend so much money on a wedding? We dont think it is worth it at all. 刚刚发生的事情值得观注，也值得在场的每个人去思考 ： 花费如此多的金钱办一场婚礼 值
33、得吗？我们认为根本不值。 7 ignore vt.忽视；不顾；不理 The church and many people tended to ignore the facts.(P42) 教堂和许多人开始忽视这些事实 (1)ignore sb./sth. 不理睬某人/忽视某事 ignore ones advice/warning/remarks/protests 无视某人的忠告/警告/话/抗议 (2)ignorance n. 无知，愚昧；不知道 be in ignorance of sth. 不知道某事 (3)ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的 be ignorant of/about
34、 对一无所知 2015北京高考They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. 他们因不理睬我们并漏掉重要的事情而使我们大为恼火。 2015福建高考Im not suggesting you ignore problems, or that you pretend things are better than they are. 我不建议你们忽视问题的存在，也不是让你们假装事情比本来的样子要好。 9 牛津词典We are in complete ignorance_of you
35、r plan. 我们对你的计划一无所知。 牛津词典To say you were_ignorant_of/about the rules is no excuse. 说自己不知道规则是不能成为借口的。 易混辨析 ignore 表示有意识地不理睬 overlook 表示无意识地忽视或由于心胸宽广而忽略小事情 一言辨异 How can I ignore it? I know it is very important. I overlooked it only because I was very busy then. 我怎么能忽略它呢？它是如此地重要。我之所以忽略它只是因为我当时很忙。 图解助记
36、用 ignore 或 overlook 填空 aEither she didnt see me wave or she deliberately _ me. bHe _ a spelling error on the first page. 答案：a.ignored boverlooked 8 urge vt.力劝；催促；强烈要求 n.强烈的欲望，冲动 At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew an
37、gry and put him in prison.(P42) 起初，人们赞同他的研究并鼓励他继续进行，但是当他证实亚里士多德是错误的时候， 他们就生气了，把他关进了监狱。 (1)urge sb. to_do_sth.urge sb. into doing sth. 强烈要求某人做某事 urge sth. on/upon sb. 向某人强调某事 urge that sb. (should)_do sth. 力劝某人做某事 (2)have an urge to_do sth. 有做某事的强烈欲望 10 (3)urgent adj. 紧急的，紧迫的 urgency n. 紧急的事 2014重庆高考
38、I urged the elephant deeper into the forest. 我催促这头大象深入森林内部。 朗文词典Cals family urged_him_to_find another job. 卡尔的家人竭力劝他找一份新工作。 He urged_that we (should)_take such steps. 他极力主张我们采取措施。 北师大1Every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters. 一天中的每分钟都排满了亟待解决的事情。 特别提示 urge 后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气，其形式为“should
39、动词原形” ，should 可以省略。具有类似用法的动词还有：suggest, advise, insist, demand, prefer, desire, recommend 等。 9 assume vt.假定，假设；认为 Why did Aristotle assume that the sun moved around the Earth？(P43) 为什么亚里士多德认为太阳绕着地球转？ (1)assume sb./sth. to_be. 假设/认为某人/某事是 assume (that) 从句 假设/假定 assuming that.supposing/suppose that.pr
40、ovided/providing (that) 假定 Its generally assumed that. 普遍认为 (2)assumption n. 假定；假想；担任(任务等)；承担 make an assumption 假定，认为 on the assumption that 在假定的情况下 2013安徽高考Dont assume it is OK to be rude if the person youre in touch with wont recognize you. 不要认为如果你接触的人不认识你粗鲁就是可以的。 人教5We think it is reasonable to_
41、assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold. 我们认为假设他们不顾严寒住在这些洞穴里是有道理的。 Where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed_that the latter is due to the former. 在失业率和犯罪率高的地方，我们可以假定犯罪率是由高失业率造成的。 11 朗文词典We are working on_the_assumption_that everyone invited will turn up. 我们假设每个人都会应邀出
42、席，并正在就此做安排。 10 adapt vt. the slightest spark could set them off. 这些烟火要格外小心，稍有火星就能引起爆炸。 朗文词典The rains set_off a mudslide that killed 15 people. 持续降雨引起了泥流，造成 15 人死亡。 朗文词典He set_out to make a movie about his experiences in Vietnam. 他开始着手把他在越南的经历拍成电影。 朗文词典Johnny set_about improving his Spanish before hi
43、s trip. 约翰尼旅行前着手提高他的西班牙语水平。 3 aside from 除之外 And aside from emailing, its fun to see and talk to my grandchildren in the US on the iCam.(P36) 除了发电子邮件，能在网络上亲眼看到我在美国的孙辈并与之交谈也很有意思。 (1)aside fromapart fromexcept for 除之外(别无) aside fromapart frombesides 除之外(尚有) (2)in addition to 除了之外(还有) 2013广东高考Aside fro
44、m the web cameras, a number of other hightech methods are becoming increasingly popular. 15 除了网上摄像，许多其它的高科技方法变得越来越受欢迎。 朗文词典Aside from coal, copper is the states largest natural resource. 除了煤以外，铜是该州蕴藏最丰富的自然资源。 Aside from providing maps of the downtown area, the book also contains a guide to the citys
45、 best restaurants. 这本书除了提供市中心的地图，还包括全市最棒的餐厅指南。 4 be accustomed to 习惯于表示状态 Although today we are more accustomed to typing a few key words into a search engine.(P42) 尽管我们现在更习惯于在搜索引擎里输入几个关键词 (1)be accustomed to (doing) sth.be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事 get/become/grow accustomed to (doing) sth. 变得适
46、应了(做)某事 (2)accustom vt. 使习惯于 (3)accustom sb./oneself to. 使某人/自己习惯于 2014上海高考Im accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep. 我习惯于在睡前听一些轻音乐。 人教3This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it. 这就是说，过了一段时间以后，你的身体就会习惯有尼古丁在体内。 They are accustomed to_not_tal
47、king at meals. 他们习惯了吃饭时不说话。 5 tend to 往往会，倾向于 The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed. (P42) 教会和许多人经常忽视事实，不愿意去挑战他们一直舒舒服服所相信的一切。 (1)tend to_do sth. 倾向于做某事，可能会做某事 tend_(to) sb./sth. 照顾，护理；看管 (2)tendency n. 趋向，倾向(常与
48、 to/towards 连用) have a tendency to_do sth. 倾向于做某事；喜欢做某事 2014陕西高考Researchers conclude that the French tend_to_stop eating when they feel 16 full. 研究人员得出结论，当法国人感觉饱了的时候往往会停止吃。 朗文词典Rescue teams were tending_to the survivors. 救援队在照料这些幸存者们。 朗文词典He has_a_tendency_to_talk too much. 他喜欢唠叨。 6 approve of 赞成；同意 At first, people approved of
