1、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHere list some biggest and best bookstores in Beijing:Wangfujing Xinhua BookstoreIt is the one of the best bookstores in Beijing and largest chain bookshop in China with thousands of branches. It offers a large collection of books involving politics,
2、 economics, literature, education, art and science, with a total number of nearly 200,000 books. VCDs, DVDs and digital reading materials can also be found in the bookshop.Opening Hours: 09:00 - 21:30Location: No.218, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District (next to Oriental Plaza)China BookstoreAs on
3、e of the best bookstores in Beijing, it is not a very big one, but it offers many traditional Chinese literature works. The new books here are at an 80% discount normally, while there are some second hand books as well at much cheaper prices. Additionally, you will find an impressive selection of bo
4、oks on Chinese painting, calligraphy and photography.Opening Hours: 09:00 - 17:00 (Weekdays)Location: No.115, East Liulichang Street, Xicheng DistrictBeijing Language and Culture University Press BookstoreThis is the best one from which to buy Chinese language learning books of all levels. There are
5、 also dictionaries, encyclopedias, linguistic books and reading materials from which to choose.Opening Hours: 09:00 - 17:00 (Weekdays) 09:00 - 16:00 (Weekends)Location: Chengfu Rd, Haidian DistrictBeijing Book BuildingThere is a great variety of books from which you may choose. In this biggest
6、 bookstore in Beijing, you will find books written in English in the basement, and there are many Chinese language learning materials on the third floor. The personnel in the bookshop are very helpful, and they speak English.Opening Hours: 09:00 - 21:00Location: No.17, West Changan Avenue, Xicheng D
7、istrict1. Where are you most likely to find affordable new books at a lower price?A. Chengfu Rd, Haidian District.B. No.218, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District.C. No.17, West Changan Avenue, Xicheng District.D. No.115, East Liulichang Street, Xicheng District.2. Which bookstore has the longest op
8、ening hours on weekdays?A. China Bookstore.B. Wangfujing Xinhua Bookstore.C. Beijing Language and Culture University Press Bookstore.D. Beijing Book Building.3. What is special about Beijing Book Building?A. It sells Chinese language learning books.B. It features the largest variety of books.C. It h
9、as many floors and sections.D. Its staff can communicate in English.【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。介绍了北京几家规模最大最棒的书店。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据China BookstoreThe new books here are at an 80% discount normally, while there are some second hand books as well at much cheaper prices.得知中国书
10、店新书打8折，二手书很多，价格更便宜。书店位置在No.115, East Liulichang Street, Xicheng District.故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Wangfujing Xinhua Bookstore Opening Hours: 09:00 - 21:30 ;China Bookstore Opening Hours: 09:00 - 17:00 (Weekdays);Beijing Language and Culture University Press Bookstore Opening Hours: 09:0
11、0 - 17:00 (Weekdays) ;Beijing Book BuildingOpening Hours: 09:00 - 21:00得知4家书店的营业时间中Wangfujing Xinhua Bookstore工作日营业时间最长。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Beijing Book Building The personnel in the bookshop are very helpful, and they speak English.北京图书大厦的特色是员工会说英语。而前三个选项是书店共有的特点，不是北京图书大厦的特色。故选D。【点睛】对于直接信息题此类题型
12、，可以首先从问题中找到关键词,然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。例如:小题3题干问北京图书大厦的特色是什么?在文章中找到相关的句子,由Beijing Book Building The personnel in the bookshop are very helpful, and they speak English.可知, 北京图书大厦的特色是员工会说英语,关键词是The personnel. they speak English , D选项Its s
13、taff can communicate in English.是对The personnel. they speak English的同义改写，故选D。BThe killdeer, a small bird known for its high-pitched(声调高的)call, could lead to the cancellation(取消) of one of Canada biggest music festivals.The first hint of trouble for Ottawas Bluesfest, an outdoor festival that draws a
14、round 300,000 people each year, came last week after workers at the site found one of the birds.It had laid four eggs nearby, effectively claiming the main stage area as its nesting ground.“This is one of the most challenging problems weve been presented with, but we feel we can work through this,”
15、said Mark Monahan, executive director of the festival.“Anything that changes the schedule has a major effect, so were taking it very seriously.” The discovery meant that government officials rushed to protect the nest and the eggs, hiring a security guard to watch over them 24 hours a day. Environme
16、ntalists were also brought in.“We dont know when the eggs might hatch,” said Monahan. What is known is that the young killdeer will likely leave the nest soon after they are hatched, leading many to hope that the eggs hatch in the next day or so.The festival is now seeking permission from Environmen
17、t Canada to relocate(搬迁)the nest some 50 meters away or take it to a wildlife center.Moving the nest would also ensure the bird and its young would be protected during the festivals 11-day run, said Monahan. Its highly likely that the festivals thousands of attendees would cause huge problems for th
18、e bird and its eggs.Monahan was confident that the festival would go on as planned, however.“Most of the people were working with are looking for a positive solution,” Monahan said.“There is no one saying that the festival cant go on.”As news of the dilemma spread it left residents divided. So
19、me supported the bird, saying that moving the nest might result in the eggs being abandoned.Others expressed annoyance that protecting the eggs of the small bird, which is widespread across North America, was risking an annual festival that contributes millions of dollars to the local economy.The ki
20、lldeers tendency to build its nest in open fields or flat areas has caused issues in other areas of the US: earlier this year, construction of a health center in Wisconsin was temporarily stopped after a killdeer and its four eggs were discovered.4. What can we learn about Bluesfest?A. It is the fir
21、st music festival in Canada.B. It is an important event for music lovers.C. It is a music festival held every two years.D. It is a challenging outdoor activity in Ottawa.5. What was especially challenging for Bluesfest this year?A. Pressure from the government.B. Disagreements with the public.C. The
22、 need to protect the birds eggs.D. The lack of experience in hosting the event.6. How did the festival plan to deal with the problem?A. Move the nest to another place.B. Ask government officials for help.C. Seek advice from environmentalists.D. Hire security guards to protect the eggs.7. The underli
23、ned word “dilemma” is closest in meaning to “_”.A. a difficult situationB. an extreme situationC. a dangerous situationD. an encouraging situation【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A【解析】本文是说明文。对于音乐爱好者来说，非常重大的加拿大音乐事件Bluesfest,，在上周工作人员在现场发现了一只小水鸟，它在附近下了四个蛋，把主要舞台区域作为它的筑巢地，以及就主
24、办方准备将鸟巢搬离此处引发了人们讨论。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段The first hint of trouble for Ottawas Bluesfest, an outdoor festival that draws around 300,000 people each year, came last week after workers at the site found one of the birds.得知渥太华的Bluesfest,是一个每年吸引约30万人参加的户外节日。因此Bluesfest,对音乐爱好者来说是一个重要的事件。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段I
25、t had laid four eggs nearby, effectively claiming the main stage area as its nesting ground. 小水鸟在舞台附近下了4个蛋，和第四段“This is one of the most challenging problems weve been presented with, but we feel we can work through this,” said Mark Monahan, executive director of the festival.音乐节执行总监说：“这是我们面临的最具挑战性的问
26、题之一，我觉得我们可以解决这个问题”。得知 保护鸟蛋是今年Bluesfest面临挑战的事情。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段The festival is now seeking permission from Environment Canada to relocate(搬迁)the nest some 50 meters away or take it to a wildlife center.得知现在该节日正在寻求加拿大环境部的许可，将鸟巢迁移到50米外，或带到野生动物中心，可以得知为了解决这个问题，节日筹备方打算把鸟巢搬到另一个地方。故选A。【7题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段
27、Moving the nest would also ensure the bird and its young would be protected during the festivals 11-day run, said Monahan. Its highly likely that the festivals thousands of attendees would cause huge problems for the bird and its eggs.得知Monahan说，为期11天的节日活动中，移动鸟巢能确保鸟儿和其幼鸟得到保护。但是极有可能，成千上万的参与者会给这只鸟和它的蛋
28、带来巨大的问题。可以推断出当时的处境困难，故选A。CBeing highly successful in any field is pretty rare. It takes a combination of natural talent, luck, determination, and plenty of outside support for someone to make it big in sports, entertainment, or business. But what if competing is all that matters to you, whether you
29、are likely to succeed or not? This was the goal of Michael Eddie the Eagle Edwards, and that he reached that goal was an amazing achievement.Born in the U.K. in 1963, Michael was an enthusiastic downhill skier whose dream was to compete for Britain in world-class competitions. He would have liked to
30、 represent his country in the 1984 Winter Olympics, but there were a large number of downhill competitors, and Edwards didn't qualify. Seeing his chance elsewhere, he switched to ski jumping. Ski jumping didn't cost nearly as much, and there was almost no competition for a place on the Brita
31、in team.But number of hurdles (障碍)could have meant the end of Edwards' dream. He weighed more than most competitors, which put him at a disadvantage. He had no financial support for his training. Poor eyesight meant that he had to wear glasses under his goggles (护目镜)- not a good thing when they
32、steamed up at high altitudes. But he couldn't let any of this discourage him. He saw himself as a true lover of the sport who simply wanted the chance to compete. Winning wasn't the point. Having the opportunity to try was all he cared about. And nothing could stop him from trying.In the end
33、, Edwards took 55th place in the 1987 World Championships. He then went on to the Calgary Olympics in 1988, where he finished last in both of his events. Many athletes would have been embarrassed by this result, but he is proud of his achievement to this day. His determination to fight against all t
34、he odds made him a global hero, and in 2016, the inspiring film Eddie the Eagle was made about his life.8. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A. To add some background information.B. To uncover the secret of success.C. To expect an answer from readers.D. To introduce the topic.9. Why did Mic
35、hael Edwards choose ski jumping?A. It took less skill.B. The equipment was cheaper.C. There was little competition.D. It was easy to win the championship.10. After the Calgary Olympics, Edwards _.A. felt he had reached his goalB. was embarrassed by his resultsC. switched to film makingD. was glad it
36、 was over11. What made Michael Edwards outstanding?A. His determination to win.B. His enthusiasm for the sport.C. His attitude towards the Olympics.D. His ability to overcome physical disabilities.【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了英国跳台滑雪运动员 Michael E
37、ddie和他所取得的成就。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“This was the goal of Michael Eddie the Eagle Edwards, and that he reached that goal was an amazing achievement.(这是迈克尔艾迪鹰爱德华的目标，他实现了这个目标是一个惊人的成就。)”可知第一段是为了引入文章的主题，故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ Ski jumping didn't cost nearly as much, and there was almost no competition
38、for a place on the Britain team.”可知迈克尔爱德华兹选择跳台滑雪是因为跳台滑雪没花那么多钱，在英国队中几乎没有竞争。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“but he is proud of his achievement to this day. ”但至今他对自己的成就都感到自豪。可知在卡尔加里奥运会之后，爱德华兹觉得他达到了自己的目标。选A。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“His determination to fight against all the odds made him a global hero”他战胜一切困难的决心
39、使他成为全球英雄，可知迈克尔爱德华兹对胜利的决心使他出类拔萃，故选A。【点睛】细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等。如第二小题，根据
40、第二段中的“ Ski jumping didn't cost nearly as much, and there was almost no competition for a place on the Britain team.”可知迈克尔爱德华兹选择跳台滑雪是因为跳台滑雪没花那么多钱，在英国队中几乎没有竞争。故选C。DThe new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in Shanghai starting July 1. Many citizens are still confused about the classifica
41、tion of the four different types of trash. Thankfully, authorities have released an official guideline to explain the new rules.The guideline, published by the Shanghai Greenery and Public Sanitation Bureau, provides a rather clear definition on the four kinds if waste: recyclable waste, harmful was
42、te, household food waste and residual (剩余) waste.A team from the U. K.'s National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine examined 14 lean and overweight men and analyzed their metabolic (新陈代谢) health. The participants were either assignedHarmful waste, as the name suggests, includes various pois
43、onous materials like used batteries, light bulbs, out-of-date medicines, paint and pesticides.Household food waste which is translated to "wet trash” in Chinese refers to food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM herbs (中药) and flowers.Paper, plastic, glass, metal and t
44、extiles (纺织品) are counted as recyclable waste.The definition of residual waste is a little confusing. Anything that is not listed above belongs to this category.As specific as the new guideline is, residents still have a hard time sorting trash correctly and are finding it challenging to memorize th
45、em all. For instance, both plastic bottles and bubble tea or coffee cups are plastic materials. However, the former falls to the category of recyclable waste and the latter belongs to residual waste. To save the hassle, some netizens have come up with their own way to sort trash."We should do t
46、his from a pig's angle," commented one netizen. "Those edible (可食用) for pigs are household food waste. Those even pigs don't want to eat are residual waste. If a pig consumes something and dies of it, then something must be harmful waste. Those that can be sold and the money we gai
47、n can be used to purchase pigs are recyclable waste."The new regulation came into effect on July 1. Those who do not sort their trash properly will be fined RMB200.12. What do the old coats that you want to throw away belong to?A. Harmful waste.B. Wet trash.C. Recyclable waste.D. Residual waste
48、13. What is the common point of "wet trash"?A. They can be broken down easily.B. They all come from plants.C. They all have bad smells.D. They all have poisonous materials.14. What is the tone of the netizen like?A. Serious.B. Humorous.C. Delightful.D. Uncertain.15 What does the pass
49、age mainly talk about?A. The four sorts of garbing are forbidden in Shanghai.B. Shanghai garbage sorting enforcement begins.C. people are still confused about garbage sorting.D. The netizens in Shanghai support the garbage sorting policy.【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 1
50、5. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了上海垃圾分类政策的规范，包括有害垃圾、可回收垃圾、湿垃圾等的分类规范。【12题详解】细节理解题。由文中Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles (纺织品) are counted as recyclable waste.可知，old coats是可回收利用的废品。由此可知，C项符合题意，故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。文中第五段提到“Household food waste which is translated to "wet trash” in Chinese refers to food le
51、ftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM herbs (中药) and flowers.”厨余垃圾也可被称作湿垃圾，其中包括一些水果皮、中药渣、花等等，由此可知这类垃圾都能够轻易被破坏，故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据“We should do this from a pigs angle,”可知，网民是用一种调侃的口气来说的。A. Serious.严肃的，B. Humorous.幽默的，C. Delightful.令人愉快的，D. Uncertain.犹豫不决的。由此可知，B项符合题意，故选B。【15题详解】
52、主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了上海实行的垃圾分类政策，紧接着又对各项垃圾进行了具体阐述，由此判断本文主要介绍了上海正在实行垃圾分类。故选B。第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Americans are proud of their variety and individuality (个性), yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether i
53、t is the uniform of a lift operator or the uniform of a five-star general(将军)_16_Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothesPeople expect higher quality from a man who wears a uniform_17_Faith in the sk
54、ill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniformWhat easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a hairdresser, or a waiter to lose professional identity (职业身份) than to step out of uniform?_18_They are often more comfortable and more lasting than civilian clothesAmong the arguments against unifo
55、rms is their lack of variety and the loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear themThough there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement_19_20_Though they are long-lasting, often their initial(最初的) expe
56、nse is greater than the cost of civilian clothesSome uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothesAAmericans think highly of uniforms BWhy are uniforms so popular in the United States?CWhen pe
57、ople wear the same uniforms, they are likely to think, speak, and act similarly on the job at leastDUniforms also have many practical good points ESome practical problems with uniforms arise FThe television repairman who wears a uniform is likely to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilia
58、n clothes GPeople's identity can be recognized more easily by their uniforms【答案】16. B 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. E【解析】这是一篇议论文。短文讨论美国人对于制服的不同观点。【16题详解】由下文“Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look
59、 more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes ”可知，首先，在大多数人眼里，他们看起来比平民服装更专业。可知下文是对选项的回答。故B选项“为什么制服在美国如此受欢迎”切题。故选B项。【17题详解】由上文“People expect higher quality from a man who wears a uniform”可知，人们对穿制服的人有更高的要求。所以选项承接上文具体说明。故F选项“穿制服的电视修理工可能比穿便服的电视修理工更能赢得信任”切题。故选F项。【18题详解】由下文“They are often more comfortable
60、 and more lasting than civilian clothes ”可知，制服通常比便服更舒适、更耐穿。所以本段主要在说制服有很多实用的优点。故D选项“制服也有很多实用的优点”切题。故选D项。【19题详解】由上文“Among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them ”可知，反对穿制服的理由之一是校服缺乏多样性，而且必须穿校服的人会失去个性。所以选项与上文话题一致，都在说
61、穿制服的缺点。故C选项“当人们穿着同样的制服时，他们的思维、言谈和行为至少在工作中是相似的” 切题。故选C项。【20题详解】由下文“Though they are long-lasting, often their initial(最初的) expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothesSome uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes ”可知，虽然它们经久耐用，但最初的花费往往大于便服的花费，有些制服的维护费用也很高，需要专业的干洗，而不能在家自己清洗。所以本段主要在说制服出现的一些实际问题也就是选项本段标题所要说明内容。故E选线“制服出现了一些实际问题”切题。故选E项。
