1、Period Five Grammar Nonrestrictive attributive clauses & Question tags感知以下句子，完成方框下的小题1 Im taking weightloss pills called FatLess， which are quite popular among young women here.2My mother，who you met last year，keeps telling me not to take them because they are dangerous.3My mother insisted on sendin
2、g me to the hospital，where I received good medical treatment.4Its the same in Chinamany people，some of whom are not overweight at all，are always going on a diet.5I am looking for my glasses，without which I cant watch TV clearly.6My cousin，whose body is slim，still wants to lose some weight.7Looking g
3、ood is important to women，isnt it?8We shouldnt be ashamed of the way we look，should we?9He is not the man who gave us a talk，is he?10I think chickens can swim，cant they?11She has finished her homework，hasnt she?1句 1 中的关系词在从句中作主语。2句 2 中的关系词在从句中作宾语。3句 3 中的关系词在从句中作地点状语。4句 4、5 中的关系词在从句中作介词的宾语。5句 6 中的关系词
4、在从句中作定语。6反意疑问句有两种基本形式：句 7、10、11 属于前肯后否式，句 8、9 属于前否后肯式。.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句是对所修饰的词作进一步说明，去掉从句之后剩余部分意义仍然完整，非限制性定语从句需用逗号与主句隔开。Last week I passed the examination，which was important.上周我通过了考试，那是很重要的考试。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：1限制性定语从句与先行词之间不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。2限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从句，剩余部分意义不完整；非限制性定语从句只是
5、先行词的附加说明，如果去掉从句，意义仍然完整。3翻译限制性定语从句时，一般先译从句，再译先行词“的” ；翻译非限制性定语从句，一般先译先行词，再译从句，形成两个分句。4限制性定语从句的先行词一般是单个的名词或代词；非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是单个的名词或代词，也可以是句子的一部分或整个句子。Tom sold his house，which made his father very angry.汤姆卖掉了他的房子，这(件事 )使他父亲很生气。5能引导限制性定语从句的关系词除 that 外，都能引导非限制性定语从句。6在 of which/whom 之前可以使用表达数量或定位的数词或代词：The
6、 professor has two sons，both of whom are teaching in the same university.教授有两个儿子，他们在同一所大学教书。温馨提示as 与 which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别：(1)which 不能放在句首，而 as 则可以；在句中时，as 有“正如，就像”之意，而 which 则没有此意。(2)as 引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，用来代替主句所表达的意思，可以放在主句之前或之后。As we all know，he studies very hard.正如我们所知，他学习非常刻苦。常用的这种类似的插入语句
7、式有：as is said above，as is already mentioned above 等。.反意疑问句反意疑问句是一种常用于口语的疑问句，这种问句由两部分组成，前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是附加的简短问句，中间用逗号隔开，因此问句部分又称附加疑问句。如果陈述句是肯定句式，附加疑问句则用否定句式；如果陈述句是否定句式，附加疑问句则用肯定句式。附加疑问句一般由“be 动词/ 助动词/情态动词代词 ”构成。They didnt clean the classroom yesterday，did they?他们昨天没有打扫教室，是吗？如何把握反意疑问句的“多样性”？一、主语的变化1陈述部分
8、的主语是表示物的 everything，nothing，something，anything，that，this 等时，疑问部分的主语用 it。Everything is ready，isnt it?一切就绪，对不对？2陈述部分的主语是 these 或 those 时，疑问部分的主语用 they。These are very useful tools，arent they?这些工具很有用，不是吗？3陈述部分的主语是表示人的不定代词everyone，everybody，anyone，someone，somebody，no one，nobody 等时，疑问部分的主语侧重全部时可用 they，侧重个
9、体时，也可用 he。No one knows the answer，do they/does he?没人知道答案，对吗？4陈述部分的主语是一个短语或从句时，疑问部分的主语用 it。Doing morning exercises is good for ones health，isnt it?晨练对身体健康有益，不是吗？5陈述部分是表示“存在”的 there be 句型时，其疑问部分必须再现 there，但不可说there 是句子真正的主语。There was a lot of snow here last year，wasn t there?去年这儿下了很多雪，不是吗？二、谓语的变化1陈述部分
10、谓语动词含有 used to，疑问部分谓语可用 didnt 或 usednt。Grandpa used to get up early，didnt/usednt he?爷爷过去起得很早，不是吗？2陈述部分谓语动词含有 ought to，疑问部分谓语可用 oughtnt 或 shouldnt。He ought to know when to start out，oughtnt/shouldn t he？他应该知道何时出发，对不对？3陈述部分谓语动词含有 must，疑问部分谓语要根据实际情况而定。(1)如果 must 作“一定，必须”讲，疑问部分谓语可用 neednt 或 mustnt。She m
11、ust leave for Shanghai tomorrow，neednt/mustnt she？她明天一定去上海，对不对？/她明天必须到上海去，不是吗？(2)如果 must 表示推测，疑问部分谓语要根据 must 后的动词或具体的时间状语来决定。Mum must be cooking now，isnt she?妈妈现在一定正在做饭，不是吗？注意：must have done 用来推测过去的动作，强调对现在的影响。当句中没有明确的过去时间状语时，疑问部分谓语可用 havent/hasnt；当句中有明确的过去时间状语时，疑问部分谓语可用 didnt。You must have studied
12、English for three years，havent you？你一定学英语三年了，对吗？三、几种特殊形式的变化1陈述部分是感叹句时，疑问部分通常用否定形式。What a good boy，isnt he?多好的一个男孩啊，不是吗？2陈述部分是祈使句且为肯定表达时，疑问部分用 will/wont you；为否定表达时，疑问部分用 will you。Be a strong man，will/wont you?坚强些，好不好？3陈述部分是由 lets 引起的祈使句时，疑问部分常用 shall we；由 lets not 引起的祈使句时，疑问部分常用 all right；由 let us 引起
13、的祈使句时，疑问部分常用 will you。Lets find ourselves and be ourselves，shall we?让我们发现自我，展现自我，好吗？4陈述部分含有表示否定意义的 too.to.结构时，疑问部分要用肯定形式。The old lady was too moved to speak，was she?那位老太太感动得说不出话来，是吗？5陈述部分的谓语动词是由否定前缀或否定后缀构成的词，疑问部分仍然用否定形式。He dislikes watching TV，doesn t he?他讨厌看电视，不是吗？6陈述部分含有 no，nothing，nobody，never，fe
14、w，seldom ，hardly，little，neither，nor等表示否定意义的词时，疑问部分用肯定形式。Few people know the theory nowadays，do they?现在很少有人知道这个理论，对吗？7陈述部分含有 think，believe，suppose，imagine，expect 等动词后接宾语从句构成主从复合句时，视情况不同，疑问部分有两种不同的表达方式：当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的反意疑问句应与从句保持一致；当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的反意疑问句应与主句保持一致。I dont think it is necessary to get up
15、 so early to go to school，is it?我认为没有必要起这么早去上学，是吧？She doesnt expect he is surprised at the result， does she？ 她 未 预 料 到 他 对 这 个 结 果 吃 惊 ， 是吗？.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1She and her family bicycle to work，which helps them keep fit.(2018北京)2Kate，whose sister I shared a room with when we were at college，has gone t
16、o work in Australia.(2018天津)3In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme，one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.(2017江苏)4My eldest son，whose work takes him all over the world，is in New York at the moment.(2017天津)5Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry
17、tears，none of which has been proved.(2016浙江)6We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better.(2016天津)7China Today attracts a worldwide readership，which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.(2015福建)8The number of smokers，as
18、 is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.(2015江苏)9I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade，when I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.(2014浙江)10 “You cant judge a book by its cover， ” as the old saying goes.(2013新课标全国)11John invited about 40
19、 people to his wedding，most of whom are family members.(2013重庆).完成下列反意疑问句1I spent two weeks in London last summer.Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay，didnt you？(2014 重庆)2There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent，is there ？(2012江苏)3I told them not everybody cou
20、ld run as fast as you did，didnt I？(2011重庆).用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1Mr Smith， whose native language is English，can speak Chinese fluently.2 We will be shown around the city， schools and some other places， where other visitors seldom go.3The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80% of whi
21、ch are sold abroad.4As is known to all，the moon travels round the earth once every month.5This is Mr Smith ，who I think has something interesting to tell you.6Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play，which，of course，made the others unhappy.7I have invited some friends to the party，
22、most of whom are from abroad.8There are two buildings，the larger of which stands nearly a hundred feet high.9The children，who wanted to play football，were disappointed when it rained.10We will put off the outing until next week，when we wont be so busy.完成下列反意疑问句11I dont think Tom has told you the new
23、s，has he?12You must have been caught in the traffic jam yesterday，didnt you?13Neither of you will have coffee，will you?14She seldom argues with others，does she?15What a lovely day ，isnt it?基础巩固.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1She heard a boring noise，which made her annoyed.2I have a sister，whose husband now works i
24、n a modern company.3The sports meeting will be put off till next month， when we will have made all the preparations.4As has been announced，we shall have our final exam next month.5We walked down the village street ，where people were having a market day.6What is known to us all is that the old scient
25、ist，for whom life was very hard in the past，still works very hard in his eighties.7The survey was carried out on the sleep time of students in middle or high schools，the result of which was surprising.8He gave his mother a colour TV set for her birthday，which pleased her a lot.9His mother ， who love
26、s him very much，is strict with him.10Please pass me the book whose cover is green.完成下列反意疑问句11She never tells a lie，does she?12He can hardly answer this question，can he?13You are from Australia，arent you?14He doesn t live in Beijing，does he?15It is a funny animal ，isnt it?16Lets listen to the radio p
27、rogram that the teacher mentioned，shall we?17You think youre funny，dont you?18Janet used to take part in labor in that village，didnt she/usednt she?19Jack has coffee with breakfast，doesn t he?20He must have finished writing his novel last week ，didnt he?能力提升.阅读理解AWhen leaving school，I was pleased th
28、at my exam results meant that I could study engineering at university.But I also wanted to travel before starting my course.A friend of mine told me about the Schools Exploring Society，an organization which helps students take a gap year (a year between leaving school and going to college)It has thr
29、ee foreign journeys a year，taking 1620yearolds on science and nature trips.I love being outdoors，and a mountaineering trip to Alaska was on offer.So I signed up(报名 ) immediately.There was one problem，though.I had to raise a large amount of money for the trip.It was a big task，but I managed to make i
30、t.I washed cars，worked in a cafe and also sold off some of my old books，clothes and CDs.Then，just before starting out，I started worrying.Can I do this？Am I fit enough？What if I see a bear?Seventy of us traveled to Alaska.The first two days after arrival were spent in a school hall preparing our equi
31、pment and five tons of food.Then we left for the beautiful Talkeetna Mountain.On the trip we dug paths and recognized plant species.Then we climbed a mountain that was over 6,000 feet high.It was tiring but exciting.Looking back，a gap year was so right for me.I learned a lot about accepting other pe
32、ople for what they are.We had to help each other and it made me less selfish.My gap year has also made me more able to concentrate.Now，whenever Im worried about anything，I think I did in AlaskaI can do this!语 篇 解 读 本 文 是 记 叙 文 。作 者 介 绍 了 自 己 在 间 隔 年 去 阿 拉 斯 加 的 旅 游 经 历 以 及 收 获 。21We can learn from P
33、aragraph 1 that the author .Ahadnt taken foreign trips beforeBmade the trip together with his friendsCwas not satisfied with his exam resultsDwas going to study engineering at college答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“my exam results meant that I could study engineering at university”可知，作者将要上大学学工程学专业。22What was t
34、he problem for the author?AHis body was not strong.BHe couldnt afford the trip.CHe had no outdoor experience.DHe had little time to prepare for the trip.答案 B解析 细节理解题。由第二段中的“I had to raise a large amount of money for the trip.”可知B 项正确。23The author may agree that his gap year .Awas well worth itBgot h
35、im interested in plantsCmade him fall behind others in studyDhelped him know more about himself答案 A解析 推理判断题。由最后一段第一句“Looking back， a gap year was so right for me.”可知，作者认为他的间隔年让他受益匪浅，非常值得。24What might be the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo explain how to prepare for trips.BTo advise on how to
36、 spend a gap year.CTo describe his experience in his gap year.DTo encourage students to do parttime jobs.答案 C解析 写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者主要描述了他在中学毕业以后，没有马上去读大学，而是选择在间隔年参加野外旅行活动的经历。BAn earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters.It may cause great damage.So it is wise to learn some simple safety tip
37、s to protect yourself or your family members.Fragile items like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface， near the ground instead of placing them on the cupboards higher up.Never place them near your bed，sofas or other furniture where you would be sitting
38、 or lying down.When there is a strong movement，these pieces will fall on the floor directly and not on you.There is a strong chance of short circuits(短路) and fire during an earthquake.Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.During an earthquake，li
39、e beneath an object that is not easily damaged.Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you.Never use the elevator to go down.Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.Use the sta
40、ircases at all times.If you are outdoors，do not take shelter under a tree，streetlights，electric poles or tall buildings.If you are driving，stop your car and stay in a safe place.Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object.If trapped in debris(瓦砾堆)，cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clo
41、thing.Tap on a pipe or the wall so that rescuers can find you.Use a whistle(哨子) if one is available.Never shout for help.Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust.Do not light a match because you may burn yourself.Do not move about or kick up dust.语 篇 解 读 本 文 介 绍 了 在 地 震 来 临 时 ，
42、如 何 做 才 能 把 损 害 降 到 最 低 。25The purpose of the passage is to tell readers .Athe damage caused by earthquakesBthe rescue work after earthquakesChow to prevent earthquakesDwhat to do about earthquakes答案 D解析 写作意图题。根据第一段最后一句可知，本文主要介绍了在地震来临时的一些安全方面的建议，告诉读者该怎么做。故选 D。26The underlined word “Fragile” in Parag
43、raph 2 probably means “ ”AEasily found BEasily brokenCExpensive DHeavy答案 B解析 词义猜测题。根据该画线词后面的“like those made of glass are easily broken”可知，fragile 意为 “易碎的 ”。故选 B。27During an earthquake，people are advised to .Ago out of the building at onceBdrive to a safe place quicklyCtake shelter under a treeDturn
44、 off electricity and gas immediately答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.”可知，在地震发生时，要确保立即关掉电源和液化气。故选 D。.七选五Green is an important color in nature. 28 It is also the color of most growing plants.29 For example，a greenhorn is
45、 someone who has no experience or someone who is new to a situation.In the fifteenth century，a greenhorn referred to a young cow or ox whose horns(角 ) had not yet developed.A century or so later，a greenhorn was for a soldier who had not yet had any experience in battle.By the eighteenth century，a gr
46、eenhorn had the meaning it has todaya person who is new in a job.Someone who has the ability to grow plants well is said to have a green thumb.The expression comes from the early twentieth century. 30 You might say that the woman next door has a green thumb if her garden continues to grow long after
47、 your plants have died.The Green Revolution is the name given some years ago to the development of new kinds of rice and other grains. 31 Besides，Green is also the color used to describe the powerful feelingjealousy.The greeneyed monster is not a frightening creature(生物) from outer space.It is an ex
48、pression used about four hundred years ago by British writer William Shakespeare in his play Othello. 32 In most places in the world，a green light is a signal to move ahead.In everyday speech，a green light means approval to continue with a project.ASometimes，the word green means young，fresh and growing.BIt describes the unpleasant feeling when someone else has something that he wants.CA person with a green thumb seems to have the power to make plants grow quickly and well.DPeople enjoy different colors.E
