1、八年级英语（JJ下）教学课件,Lesson 38: The World Is a Big Place,Unit 7,Learning Targets,Key words & phrases: planet, billion, total, increase, surface, Indian, Atlantic, Arctic, in total, one third, be covered with, two thirds Key sentences: 1. Can you point them out? 2. The earth is a very special planet, and i
2、t faces a big problem.,3. In the year 2010, the worlds population was over 7 billion in total. 4. It is increasing very quickly. 5. And by 2050, the worlds population may reach 9 billion. 6. We cant live in water, and only about one third of our planet is land.,7. Antarctica is covered with snow and
3、 ice all year round. 8. The earth is our home now，and it will be our home in the future. 9. It has the highest point on the earth in the Himalayas. Grammar: passive voice,What problems the earth faces?,Warming up,Population problems,Environmental pollution,Poverty,Exhausted resource,planetbilliontot
4、alincreasesurface Indian,n. 行星,n. 十亿；千兆,n. 总计；总数 adj. 总的；总计的,v. 增加；增大,n. 表面；表层,adj. 印度的 n. 印度人,Words and expressions,AtlanticArctic in total one third be covered with two thirds,总计，合计，总共 三分之一 被覆盖 三分之二,n. & adj. 太西洋（的）,adj. 北极的,How many continents are there in the world? What are they? What do you kn
5、ow about the place where you live?,THINK ABOUT IT,Listen and read,Presentation,The earth is a very special planet, and it faces a big problem. In the year 2010, the worlds population was over 7 billion in total. It is increasing very quickly. By 2025, the world may have about 8 billion people. And b
6、y 2050, the worlds population may reach 9 billion.,There is another problem. People cant live everywhere on the earth. We cant live in water, and only about one third of our planet is land. But parts of this land are very dry. These dry places are called deserts. Some areas have very high mountains.
7、 Others have a lot of snow and ice. It is not easy to live in those places.,There are seven continents: Asia, Africa, Australia, Antarctica, Europe, North America and South America. Antarctica is covered with snow and ice all year round. Luckily, people can live on the other six continents. On these
8、 continents, there are green forests, fresh water and rich lands.,Oceans cover two thirds of the earths surface. The earth has only one big ocean, but we use these names for its different parts: the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean. The Pacific Ocean is the la
9、rgest one. The earth is our home now, and it will be our home in the future. It must be treated well for our children and for our childrens children, too!,Lets Do It!,Read the lesson and match each paragraph with its main idea.,1,Paragraph 1 a. Six of the seven continents are Paragraph 2 b. We shoul
10、d treat the earth well. Paragraph 3 c. An increasing population is a bigParagraph 4 d. Two thirds of the earth is coveredParagraph 5 e. People cannot live everywhere on,b,e,a,d,c,good for people to live on.,problem for the earth.,with oceans.,the earth.,2,Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of
11、 the words in the box.,1. The number of swimmers here is _ quickly because its very hot these days. 2. The school has a _ of 900 students. 3. I think it may be the _ season of the year. 4. The _ of our body is skin. It protects us. 5. How many _ of people are there in the world now?,increase dry sur
12、face billion total,increasing,total,driest,surface,billions,Match the seven continents with their correct descriptions.,3,It is the biggest continent. It has the highest point on the earth in the Himalayas.,It is the second largest continent. Many elephants, giraffes, zebras and lions live there.,It
13、 is the third largest continent. Canada, Mexico and the U. S. are the three major countries on this continent.,It is the fourth largest continent. There are 13 countries on this continent.,It is the fifth largest continent. The South Pole is on this continent.,It is the sixth largest continent. It i
14、s a good place for people to travel to.,It is the smallest continent. You can find koalas and kangaroos there.,Europe,South America,Asia,Africa,Australia,Antarctica,North America,Europe,South America,Asia,Africa,Australia,Antarctica,North America,1. Can you point them out?point v指，指向。 常用短语：point at指
15、着；point out指出，说明。 例：He pointed out the dangers of driving alone.他指出了单独开车的危险性。Can you point out the mistakes in this picture？ 你能指出这张图片中的错误吗？,Language points,2. The earth is a very special planet, and it faces a big problem. face v. 面临；面对。 它在此作及物动词，后面可接人或表示困难、形势、问题等的抽象名词或动名词作宾语。 例: You should face the
16、 challenge bravely.你应该勇敢地面对挑战。,3. In the year 2010, the worlds population was over 7 billion in total. (1) billion n十亿。其复数形式为billions。当其前有具体的数词时，用单数形式，表示确数；当其前没有数词或由some, several, many等词修饰时，用复数形式，且其后要接介词of，表示概数。类似用法的词还有hundred(百), thousand(千), million(百万)等。,例: This company earns two billion dollars
17、a year.这家公司一年要赚20亿美元。Billions of stars twinkled in the sky.无数的星星在天空中闪烁。 (2) in total意为“总计，合计，总共”, 相当于in all。 a total of 总数为例: His sister has three hundred stamps in total. 他的姐姐总共有三百张邮票。Our class has a total of 60 students.我们班总共有60人。,4. It is increasing very quickly. increase v增加；增大。 例：The number of
18、the students in our school is increasing. 我们学校学生的数量正在增长。,5. And by 2050, the worlds population may reach 9 billion. by 2025 意为“到2025年为止”。 by在这里意为“到为止”。 例:Will you finish it by 10:00 p.m.? 晚上十点前你能完成它吗？,6. We cant live in water, and only about one third of our planet is land. one third是分数，意思是“三分之一”。 分
19、数表达法： 分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子大于1的时候，分母使用复数形式。 例：one fifth 五分之一；one fourth 四分之一；three eighths 八分之三。,特殊表达法。 如：a half 二分之一；a quarter 四分之一；three quarters 四分之三。 注意：当分数在句中作主语的时候，若后面的名词是复数，则谓语动词用复数；若后面的名词是单数或不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数。,中考链接,Nowadays，_of the old people in the area _ used to dancing on the square after supper
20、. (湖北恩施州中考)Atwo third；is Btwo thirds；is Ctwo thirds；are,解析 考查分数的用法和主谓一致。 句意：如今这个地区三分之二的老年人已经习惯于晚饭后在广场上跳舞。 分数的表达法为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子大于1时，分母要用复数，排除A。当分数作主语时，其后的谓语动词与分数后面的名词保持一致。people是复数名词，故用are。 解题方法 语法判定法,C,7. Antarctica is covered with snow and ice all year round. (1) be covered with 被覆盖。其主动结构为：cov
21、erwith(用盖住) 例：Our garden is covered with grass and flowers.我们的花园被花草覆盖着。Please cover this desk with cloth.请用布盖住这张课桌。 (2) all (the) year round 全年，整年。,它相当于all over the year。例：Drunk driving is a problem all year round. 酒后驾车是个常年存在的问题。 8. The earth is our home now，and it will be our home in the future. 辨析
22、 in the future与in future in the future 将来，未来。它所表示的将来是指以后的将来，并不强调从说话的这一刻开始。, in future 今后。它强调从说话时开始的以后，相当于from now on。 9. It has the highest point on the earth in the Himalayas. 该句运用了形容词的最高级结构。 定义：表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级。 形容词的最高级前面要加定冠词the，副词最高级前面的the可以省略。,在含有最高级的句子中，常有一个in/of短语来表示比较范围。 例: I am the t
23、allest in our class. 我是我们班里个子最高的。 My movements are the most graceful of us three. 三个人中我的动作是最优雅的。,Grammar,被动语态 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受 者，一般说来，当强调动作承受者，不必说出执行者或执行者含糊不清时，多用被动语态。,1. These dry places are called deserts. 2. Antarctica is covered with snow and ice all year round. 3. It must be treated well for ou
24、r children and for our childrens children, too! 4. Its pronounced like the letter “A”.,被动语态构成,be + 过去分词（ be随着主语人称和数以及时态的不同而变化） can / must / may / should + be + 过去分词（含有情态动词的被动语态）,一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的主动结构和被动结构 (以动词do为例),主动语态变为被动语态 一般现在时： 主：We believe him. 被：He is believed by us. 一般过去时： 主：He bought his c
25、hildren some pens. 被：Some pens were bought for his children by him. 一般将来时： 主：Everyone will know the truth soon . 被：The truth will be known by everyone.,学以致用,将下列主动句变为被动句： 1. 人们认为他很有才华。 主动: People regard him as brilliant. 被动: 2.孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。 主动: The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. 被动：3.
26、 他们将问你许多怪题。 主动: They will ask you a lot of strange questions. 被动:,He is regarded as brilliant by people.,The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children.,You will be asked a lot of strange questions by them.,一、单项选择,1. We have a lovely room. Its one of _ in the hotel. A. nice B. nicerC.
27、nicest D. the nicest_ of the students are from the countryside.A. Third quarter B. Three quartersC. Three quarter D. Third quarters,Exercises,3. Who has _ marks in English, Wang Lin, Zhang Fang or Li Hong? Li Hong A. good B. better C. best D. the best 4. Hong Kong _ to be a good place for eating tod
28、ay. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known,5. Nick _ a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didnt take it. A. offered B. has offeredC. was offered D. offers 6. Have you heard of Earth Day? Yes. The first Earth Day _ in 1970 to educate us to protect our planet. A. celebrates B. celebratedC. is c
29、elebrated D. was celebrated,7. More money _ when we use both sides of paper.A. will save B. was savedC. has saved D. will be saved 8. A new club _ in our school at the beginning of this year and now it has many members. A. starts B. is startedC. has started D. was started,9. Our classroom _ every da
30、y. So it is. Its our duty to keep it clean and tidy.A. cleans B. is cleaningC. is cleaned D. has been cleaned 10. Sixteen-year-olds _ to drive in China. But in America, they can.A. is allowed B. is not allowedC. are allowed D. are not allowed,二、根据首字母及汉语提示完成句子,The number of tourists has i_ greatly in
31、 recent years. The s_ of the lake is quite still.The film will be over _ 9:30.They claimed to have discovered a new p_. _ _ _ (四分之一) the students have left their pictures home.,ncreased,urface,by,lanet,A quarter of,6. The plan would save _(数十亿) dollars in fuels each year. 7. _ (总共), 98% of all compu
32、ter users are now online. 8. The sea covers almost _ _ (四分之三) of the earths surface. 9. The Nile River is the _ river in Africa. 10. Antarctica is the worlds _ (最干旱的) continent.,billions of,In total,three fourths,longest,driest,Summary,1. Learn some new words and expressions. 2. Review the present perfect tense 3. Master the passive voice.,Homework,1. Recite the words and phrases in this lesson. 2. Complete the related exercises. 3. Preview next lesson,
