1、Unit 20 New Frontiers,Scientific Breakthroughs in the 21st Century It is predicted that there will be 5 scientific breakthroughs in the 21st century. Well know where we came from.Why does the universe exist？To put it another way，why is there something instead of nothing？Since the 1920s，scientists ha
2、ve known the universe is expanding，which means it must have started at a definite time in the past.We will have a better understanding of how matter behaves at the extremely high temperatures and pressures of the early universe.,话题导入,Well crack(破译) the genetic code and conquer cancer.As scientists l
3、earn more about the genetic code，many serious diseases，like cancer，will become less threatening.Using manufactured viruses，doctors will be able to replace cancer-causing damaged DNA with healthy genes，probably administered by a pill or injection.Well live longer.If the normal aging process is basica
4、lly an invisible contest in our cellsa contest between damage to our DNA and our cells ability to repair that damagethen 21st-century strides(发展) in genetic medicine may let us control and even reverse the process.,Well “manage” the Earth.In the next millennium，well stop talking about the weather bu
5、t will do something about it.Well gradually learn how to predict the effects of human activity on the Earth，its climate and its ecosystems. Well have a brain “road map”.Early in the next century，we will use advanced forms of magnetic resonance imaging(磁共振成像) to produce detailed maps of the neurons(神
6、经元) in operation.Well be able to say with certainty which ones are working when you read a word，when you say a word，when you think about a word，and so on.,根据短文判断正(T)误(F) 1.In the future we will have a better understanding of how matter behaves of the early universe.( ) 2.We can control the action of
7、 the planets in the universe.( ) 3.We will operate on people much easier with a brain “road map”.( ),T,F,T,基础自测,内容索引,要点探究,达标检测,课文预读,Period One Warm-up & Lesson 1 Futurology,基础自测,.重点单词 1. n.细菌 2. n.物质；质量 3. n.全体机组人员 4. vt.帮助；协助n.助手，助理 5. adj.技术上的n.技术n.技术，技巧；手法,bacteria,mass,crew,assist assistant,tech
8、nical technology technique,6. n.消遣；娱乐 7. n.后者 8. vi.点击 9. adj.方便使用的 10. adv.不久；很快 11. vt.下载 12. vt.更新 13. adj.无污迹的n.污迹，污点,recreation,latter,click,handy,shortly,download,update,stainless stain,14. adj.磨损的 15. n.饥饿vi.&vt.(使)挨饿；(使)饿死 16. n.争执；冲突 17. n.平等adj.平等的；相等的 18. vt.评估；评价n.评估；评价,worn,starvation s
9、tarve,conflict,equality equal,assess assessment,19. adj.电子的n.电adj.电的；电动的；发电的 20. n.专家adj.特别的；专门的,electronic electricity electric,specialist special,.重点短语 1. 调查 2. 为了娱乐 3. 以为基础；以为依据 4. 死于 5. 靠生存 6. 和平地 7. 实施，执行；完成 8. 适合于,look into,for fun,be based on,die of,live on,in peace,carry out,be suitable for,
10、.重点句式 1.What.be like句型 Some like to read fantasy stories and imagine the world will be like in 10,50 or even 1,000 years time. 有些人喜欢阅读幻想故事，想象世界在10年、50年甚至1 000年后会变成什么样。,what,2.“by将来时间点”的主句时态；no matter what By the year 2015，the clothing industry (produce) new types of material that will remain stainle
11、ss no matter you spill on them. 到2015年，服装工业将生产出新型的材料，不管你将什么东西洒在这些材料上，都不会留下污点。,will have produced,what,3.it作形式宾语 By the year 2030，development in biochemistry and medical science will have made theoretically possible for us to live for at least 150 years. 到2030年，生物化学和医学科学的发展将能够在理论上使人类生命延长到至少150岁。 4.倍数
12、表达法 By the middle of the century，computers that are millions of times (smart) than us will have been developed. 到这个世纪中期，比我们聪明百万倍的电脑将被研制出来。,it,smarter,课文预读,.课文判断正(T)误(F) 1.The writer is interested in futurology because he likes to read fantasy stories.( ) 2.Some predictions have come true like landin
13、g on the moon.( ) 3.In the next few years，we will use voice to give computers instructions to avoid hackers attacking the computer system.( ) 4.Computers can do everything for human beings in the future.( ) 5.By the end of the century，people will have lived on other planets.( ),F,T,F,F,F,.课文阅读理解 1.W
14、hich people of the following can be called futurologists? A.People who like to read fantasy stories. B.People who write about the future themselves. C.People who plan the future of the world for a living. D.People who think about the future just for fun.,答案,1,2,3,4,5,2.What was the most common theme
15、 in science fiction novels in the 19th century? A.Adventure. B.Future. C.Love. D.History.,答案,1,2,3,4,5,3.The futurologists will hold a seminar，aiming to . A.do a research about the future B.solve some problems about energy and natural resources C.study the chances of people settling on other planets
16、 D.discuss the endless possibilities of the future,答案,1,2,3,4,5,4.Why will many people want to attend the seminar? A.Because they are curious about the future. B.Because they want to make friends with futurologists. C.Because they dream of starting new enterprises based on the predictions made by fu
17、turologists. D.Because they can make a fortune at the seminar.,答案,1,2,3,4,5,5.What is the prediction by the middle of the century? A.A new type of electronic human might have developed. B.No one will die of starvation. C.Garments will be so strong that they will never get old and worn. D.Tiny，insect
18、-like robots may be sent around the cells of our bodies.,答案,1,2,3,4,5,.课文难句分析 1.The future is now big business and many people will attend the seminar with dreams of starting new enterprises based on the predictions they will hear this weekend. 句式分析 本句是复合句。 they will hear this weekend是 从句，修饰the pred
19、ictions；based on.是过去分词短语作 ，相当于 _。 自主翻译 _ _,定语,which are based on.,未来学现在是很大的产业，许多人将参加这个研讨会，他们梦想在这个周末听到的预测的基础上开始新事业。,后置定语,2.At nine oclock on Saturday morning，Ill be sitting in the front row and listening to the great Professor Willard talking about the future of my brain. 句式分析 本句是复合句。I是 ，will be sitt
20、ing 和 listening to是并列 ，talking about the future of my brain是 。 自主翻译 _ _,主语,宾语补足语,谓语,星期六上午九点钟，我将坐在前排，聆听伟大的威拉德教授关于大脑的未来发展的预言。,要点探究,The new international crew are planning to take over from the existing one and assist with repairs on Alpha，which suffered slight damage last week. 这个新国际乘组计划接替现有乘组并帮助维修Alp
21、ha 国际空间站，该空间站上周遭到轻微损坏。,重点词汇,(1)assist vt.帮助；协助 assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事 assist sb. to do/in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事 (2)assistant adj.辅助的；助理的；n.助手，助教 (3)assistance n.帮助，援助,(1)The teacher decided to assist me with my English study. 老师决定帮我学英语。 (2)We assisted the boy (carry) the heavy bag. 我们帮助那个男孩提那个沉重的袋
22、子。 (3)The public is urgently requested to assist police in (trace) this man. 紧急要求公众协助警方追踪此人。 (4)China will continue to increase its (assist) to Africa in both quantity and quality. 中国将从数量和质量上继续增加对非洲的支援。,to carry,tracing,assistance,Hannah Jones looks into the future.汉娜琼斯展望未来。,look into调查(问题、罪行等)；向里面看
23、,(1)The committee is looking into the cause of the accident. 委员会正在调查事故的原因。 (2)Dont look into the meeting room. 不要向会议室里面窥视。 (3)They looked and all they could see was darkness. 他们向四周看，所能看到的仅有黑暗。 (4)I looked several magazines in the beauty shop. 我在美容院翻阅了几本杂志。,round/around,through,单句改错 (5)The rich man l
24、ooked down his poorer neighbors when he lived here., on/upon,In the 18th and 19th centuries，especially the latter，the most common theme in science fiction novels was the future. 在18世纪和19世纪，特别是在19世纪，科幻小说最普遍的主题是未来。,latter n.后者；adj.后者的，后面的 the former.the latter.前者后者,(1)Man differs from beasts in that t
25、he former is able to speak，while the latter arent. 人不同于野兽，因前者能说话，而后者却不能。 (2) point referred to at the meeting is the most important. 在会上，后面提及的那一点(内容)是最重要的。 (3)Ann and Hank arrived almost 4 hours . on，the _ went to see the movie that evening. 安和汉克晚到了将近四个小时。后来，后者深夜去看最新的电影了。 单句改错 (4)They all support th
26、e former idea，but I prefer the later one.,The latter,late Later latter,latest late,latter,But for some people，thinking about the future is not just for fun. 但对某些人而言，考虑有关未来的问题不仅仅是为了娱乐。,for fun为了消遣；为了娱乐 in fun开玩笑地，非认真地 have fun玩得高兴/开心 make fun of嘲弄，取笑 What fun it is！多么有趣！,(1)“Hello！” I said to him，ass
27、uming he was just rolling for fun. “你好！”我跟他打招呼，认为他只是为了好玩才打滚。(2015湖北) (2)It wasnt seriousit was all done in fun. 那不是认真的全是闹着玩的。 (3)People love to get together to eat，drink and have fun with each other. 人们喜欢聚在一起吃喝玩乐。 (4)It is not right to make fun the disabled. 取笑残疾人是不对的。 单句改错 (5)What a fun it is to pl
28、ay games at night!,of,Garments will also be so strong that they will never get old and worn. 衣服也将会结实耐穿，永远不会变旧和磨损。,(1)worn adj.磨损的 (2)wear v.(使)磨损，用坏；穿着；留，蓄(头发等)；面带(表情等)(过去式wore；过去分词worn) wear out使某人筋疲力尽；磨损；用坏 be worn out筋疲力尽；磨损 (sth. ) wear well耐穿；耐磨；耐用(无被动语态) wear off逐渐消失,(1)She lived a hard life a
29、nd always wore worn clothes. 她生活艰难，总是穿着破旧的衣服。 (2)Woolen coats look elegant，but they wear out easily. 羊毛外套看上去很高雅，但它们很容易磨损。 (3)They were after a long journey. 长途旅行后他们累得疲惫不堪。 (4)The effects of the drug naturally within a few hours. 药性在几个钟头之内会自然消失。,worn out,wear off,By the year 2025，no one will die of s
30、tarvation because there will be food for everyone. 到2025年将不会再有人因饥饿而死，因为那时会有足够的食物。,(1)starvation n.饥饿 (2)starve vt.&vi.(使)饿死；(使)挨饿；渴望，极需要 starve to death饿死 be starved of/for缺乏；急需,(1)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme，one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide (starve). 联合国在1963年成立了世界粮食
31、计划署，该组织的一个宗旨是减轻世界范围内的饥饿程度。 (2)The schools are understaffed and funds. 学校师资不足，资金匮乏。 句型转换 (3)The poor kid is just starved of attention. The poor kid is just attention.,starvation,starved of/for,in need of,There will therefore no longer be any conflict and people will be able to live together in peace
32、and equality. 未来将不再会有任何冲突，人们能够和平、平等地生活在一起。,conflict n.争执；冲突；vi.发生冲突 come into conflict with和冲突(动作) (be) in conflict with和冲突(状态) conflict with与发生冲突,(1)She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career. 她发现自己在将来的择业问题上与父母存在着分歧。 (2)Our interests dont conflict yours. 我们的利益与你们的并不冲突。 单句
33、改错 (3)He often came in conflict with his boss，so he resigned.,with,into,(4)He is equal to Tom in ability. 在能力方面他与汤姆不相上下。 (5)Dont you believe in (equal) between men and women？ 难道你不相信男女平等吗？ (6)No one can equal him playing table tennis in his school. 在他的学校里，打乒乓球没人能比得过他。 (7)In fact，when it comes to the
34、art of war，ants . 实际上，当谈到战术这个话题时，谁也比不上蚂蚁。 句型转换 (8)It is evident that he is not equal to the job. It is evident that he to the job.,equality,in,have no equal,is not up/adequate,Tiny，insect-like robots may be sent around the cells of our bodies to assess our health and carry out repairs to keep us hea
35、lthy. 人们可以把微小的、形似昆虫的机器人置于人体的细胞周围，让其评估我们的健康状况和进行修复工作，以维持我们的健康。,(1)assess vt.评价；评估 assess sth. at.估定/核定(数量、价值) assess.as.评定(性质、质量) (2)assessment n.评价；评估,(1)Id assess your chances as low. 我估计你的可能性不大。 (2)Damage caused by the flood to the village 40,000. 洪水给这个村子造成的损失估定为4万美元。 (3)Her (assess) sounds reason
36、able and is probably pretty close to the truth. 她的估价合情合理，几乎接近事实。,was assessed at,assessment,carry out实施；执行；完成；履行 carry back使回想起；将送/带回原地 carry on继续做，坚持干 carry through成功完成，顺利实现；帮助渡过难关 carry away拿走；冲走；吸引住,(4)She finally carried out her promise to quit smoking. 她最终实现了戒烟的诺言。 (5)The old photos me to the d
37、ays when I was in San Francisco. 这些老照片使我回忆起我在旧金山的日子。 (6)His strong determination his illness. 他坚强的意志使他渡过了生病的难关。,carry back,carried him through,By the year 2015，the clothing industry will have produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter what you spill on them. 到2015年，服装行业将生产出新
38、型的材料，不管你将什么东西洒在这些材料上，都不会留下污点。,经典句式,no matter what在这里引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”。 “no matterhow/when/where/who/which”一般只用于引导让步状语从句；whatever/whichever/whoever既可以引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句；whenever/wherever用于引导让步状语从句，whenever还可引导时间状语从句，wherever还可以引导地点状语从句，但两者不能引导名词性从句。,(1)No matter when(Whenever) you come，we will give y
39、ou a warm welcome. 无论你什么时候来，我们都热烈欢迎你。 (2)Whoever he is doesnt matter.他是谁并不重要。 (3)We will complete the project on time，_ happens. 无论发生什么事情，我们都将按时完成这项工程。,no matter what/whatever,(4)Spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily difficult the situation may be. 无论处境有多困难，要不惜一切代价学习，
40、绝对不要轻易泄气。 (2015福建) 句型转换 (5)Whenever you come back，dont wake me up. you come back，dont wake me up.,no matter how/however,No matter when,By the year 2030，development in biochemistry and medical science will have made it theoretically possible for us to live for at least 150 years. 到2030年，生物化学和医学的发展将能够
41、在理论上使人类生命延长到至少150岁。,(1)句中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式(for us) to live for at least 150 years，possible为宾语补足语。句型结构如下： makeitadj./n不定式 makeitadj./n从句 makeitno good/no use/no value.doing sth. (2)用于本句型的常见动词有：consider，find，think，make，regard，feel，believe等。,(1)They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese. 他
42、们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。 (2)No matter where he is，he before breakfast. 不管在哪里，他养成了早餐前散步的习惯。 (3)I dont feel it difficult (understand) English. 我觉得理解英语并不难。,makes it a rule to go for a walk,to understand,(4)I think it no use (talk) about it with them. 我认为跟他们谈这件事没用。 单句改错 (5)Mastering the technology makes that p
43、ossible for us to use the Internet more effectively.,talking,it,By the middle of the century，computers that are millions of times smarter than us will have been developed. 到这个世纪中期，比我们聪明百万倍的电脑将被研制出来。,millions of times用来修饰smarter，表示倍数。在比较级前加上适当的修饰词，可以表示比较的程度。 倍数的表达方式： (1)倍数as.as. (2)倍数比较级than (3)倍数the
44、 size/height/length/width.of. (4)倍数what从句,(1)The dictionary is five times more expensive than that one. 这本字典比那本贵五倍。 (2)The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球的大小是月球大小的49倍。 (3)Your school is three times as big as ours. 你们的学校是我们学校的三倍大。 (4)The output of this year is twice last year. 今年的产量是去年的两倍。,what it was,句型转换 (5)The road is three times as wide as that one. The road is three times that one. The road is than that one.,
