1、Module 3 Literature,写作专题,内容索引,Period Three Grammar & Writing,语法专题,语法专题,.课文原句感知 1.It was Oliver Twist was chosen. 2.No sooner the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon. 3.“Never I heard anything like it！” said Mr Limbkins.,倒装句与强调句,have,who,had,4.He finds Pip a
2、nd tells him that it is he，Magwitch， has been giving Pip the money. 5.In the old City of London housed the many banks and corporations which Dickens mentions.,are,who,.用强调句型改写下列句子 1.Chinese people always keep their word.(强调主语). 2.I sent Tom that pen.(强调间接宾语). 3.They painted the chair green.(强调宾语).,I
3、t is Chinese people who/that always keep their word,It was Tom that/who I sent that pen,It was the chair that they painted green,4.All this happened on Sunday night.(强调时间状语). 5.Jim was upset because of the failure in the exam yesterday.(强调原因状语).,It was on Sunday night that all this happened,It was b
4、ecause of the failure in the exam that Jim was upset yesterday,.倒装 英语句子的基本语序是“主语谓语其他成分”。倒装就是把谓语动词放在主语之前。就其形式来说，分为两种：一种是把整个谓语放在主语之前，即完全倒装；另一种是把谓语的一部分，即助动词(包括系动词、情态动词等)放在主语之前，即部分倒装。,一、全部倒装 (一)下面几种情况通常使用完全倒装。 1.在以here，there等方位副词开头的句子里，表示强调。 Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。 There goes the bell. 传来了铃声。,2.在以ou
5、t，in，up，down，away等表示位置变化的副词开头的句子里，表示强调。 Out rushed the boys when the bell rang. 铃一响，男孩儿们就冲出去了。 Away went John.约翰走了。 3.在以now，then等时间副词开头的句子里，表示强调。 Now comes your turn to play. 现在轮到你玩了。,注意：以上情况当主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语的语序不变。 Here he comes.他来了。 Out he rushed.他冲了出去。 (二)为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时，通常使用完全倒装。 Gon
6、e are the days when we lived a poor life. 穷苦的日子一去不复返了。 East of the town lies a beautiful lake. 在小镇的东部有一个美丽的湖。,(1)句型转换 A big steel factory lies in the south of the city. In the south of the city . The time we had been looking forward to came then. Then we had been looking forward to. (2)完成句子 Here (史密
7、斯先生来了). In front of the house (停着一辆警车).,题组训练1,lies a big steel factory,came the time,comes Mr Smith,stopped a police car,二、部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，即助动词(包括系动词、情态动词等)放在主语之前。如果句中的谓语中没有助动词，则需添加助动词do，does或did，并将其置于主语之前。也就是把原句变成一般疑问句的形式。 1.“only状语/状语从句”位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 Only in this way can you learn English wel
8、l. 只有用这种方法，你才能学好英语。,注意：如果句首的only修饰主语或only所修饰的状语不在句首时，则不用倒装语序。 Only the teachers can use the room. 只有老师能用这个房间。 He was able to go home only when all the work was finished. 只有完成所有的工作时，他才能回家。,2.具有否定意义的词或短语，如hardly，rarely，scarcely，nowhere，never，not，little，seldom，at no time，in no way，by no means，under no
9、condition，not until，neither，nor等放在句首时，使用部分倒装。 Hardly did I think it possible. 我认为这不可能。 注意：not until位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 一直到孩子入睡后母亲才离开房间。,3.把so放在句首，表示前面说的肯定情况也适用于另一个人(或物)时，使用部分倒装；把neither，nor放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人(或物)时，使用部分倒装。 They are now pre
10、paring for their final examinations and so are we. 他们正在为期末考试作准备，我们也一样。 We didnt attend the party.Neither did they. 我们没去参加聚会。他们也没去。 注意：(1)倒装部分的助动词、系动词或情态动词在时态和形式上要与前句一致，在数上要与后面主语相一致。(2)so表示对前句内容的肯定，译作“确实，正是”时，应用陈述句语序。 You seem to like music.你好像喜欢音乐。 So I do.我确实喜欢。,4.as，though引导的句子倒装时必须将表语或状语提前(即把句中的名
11、词、形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。 Small child as he is，he knows a lot. 尽管他是个孩子，却知道很多。 Hard as he worked，he made little progress. 尽管他努力了，却几乎没进步。 5.so/such.that句型中的so/such位于句首时须倒装。 So serious was the situation that everybody faced a test. 形势如此严峻，每个人都面临着一场考验。,Such great progress did he make that he was praised. 他取得
12、了如此大的进步以至于受到了表扬。 6.such位于句首时，句子须倒装，谓语动词的单复数由其后的名词决定。 Such is my hope for the future. 我对未来的希望就是这样。 7.在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were，had和should这三个词时，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。 Had I time(If I had time)，I would go and help you. 如果我有时间，我就去帮助你。,Were I you(If I were you)，I would go abroad. 如果我是你，我将出国。 Should he come(If he s
13、hould come)，tell him to ring me up. 如果他来，告诉他给我打电话。 8.在某些表示祝愿的句型中。 May you all be happy.愿你们都快乐。 May you succeed！祝你成功！,用倒装句改写下列句子 (1)She has never been to Shanghai. (2)He only then realized his mistakes. (3)If you were a fish，the cat would eat you.,题组训练2,Never has she been to Shanghai,Only then did he
14、 realize his mistakes,Were you a fish，the cat would eat you,(4)Although I like it much，I wont buy it. (5)She is so kind that we all like her.,Much as/though I like it，I wont buy it,So kind is she that we all like her,.强调句 1.强调句型的结构 强调句的句型结构是：Itis/was被强调部分that/who原句的剩余部分。 It is that teacher who/that
15、is teaching our English. 就是那个老师教我们英语。 It was in the library that I saw her yesterday. 我昨天是在图书馆见到她的。 注意：(1)所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。 (2)被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。,归纳：(1)如果句子用的是过去时态(如一般过去时、过去完成时、过去将来时、过去进行时)，强调结构中就用was；如果句子用的是现在时态或将来时态(如一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般将来时)，强调结构中就用is。 (2)当被强调部分是指人时，可以用who代替th
16、at。但是，无论被强调的部分是表示地点还是表示原因、方式、时间的名词，要用that，不能用where，why，how或when。 2.强调句的一般疑问句 把is/was提前，即：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他成分？,Was it in Beijing that we got to know each other? 我们是在北京认识的吗？ 3.强调句的特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词is/wasitthat其他成分？ When was it that he left here? 他是什么时候离开这儿的？ 4.强调句型还可以用“It might be.that.”和“It must hav
17、e been.that.”表示推测。 It might be in the restaurant that you left your wallet. 你可能把钱包忘在了那个餐馆。,5.not.until.句型的强调句 句型为：It is/was not until被强调部分that其他部分。 It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. He didnt go to bed until his wife came back. 直到他妻子回来他才睡觉。 6.谓语动词的强调 It is/was.that.结构不能强调谓语，如果需
18、要强调谓语时，用助动词do，does或did。 Do sit down.请坐。,He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。 Do be careful when you cross the street! 过马路时，务必(千万)要小心啊！ 7.几组易混句型的比较： (1)强调句与“It is/was时间when从句”：在后一种句型中it代指时间，when引导的是时间状语从句。注意两种句型中“时间”表达方式的不同。 It was at 8 oclock that we got home.(强调句) 我们是在8点到家的。,It was already 8
19、oclock when we got home.(时间状语从句) 我们到家的时候已经8点了。 (2)强调句型与“It is/has been时间since从句”：It is/has been.since.表示“自从以来已有(时间)”。 注意两种句型的时态一般不同，句意也不同。 It was 20 years ago that he came to live here.(强调句) 是二十年前他来这儿居住的。 It is/has been 20 years since he came to live here.(时间状语从句) 他来这儿居住已有二十年了。,用强调句型改写下列句子 (1)Tim ga
20、ve Lily a card at Christmas.(强调a card). (2)He has been totally wrong.(强调he). (3)Who did you go swimming with yesterday？(强调who)?,题组训练3,It was a card that Tim gave Lily at Christmas,It is he who/that has been totally wrong,Who was it that you went swimming with yesterday,(4)It didnt stop raining until
21、 midnight.(强调until midnight). (5)Only in this way can you finish the work on time.(强调only in this way).,It was not until midnight that it stopped raining,It is only in this way that you can finish the work on time,.完成句子 1.直到最近他们才鼓励农村地区发展与旅游相关的活动。 Not until recently the development of tourists-relate
22、d activities in the rural areas.(2016江苏) 2.你等错地方了。长途公共汽车是在旅馆接的游客。 You are waiting at a wrong place.It is the coach picks up tourists.(2016天津),did they encourage,at the hotel that,3.正是在我们要回家的时候，我才意识到帮助有困难的人感觉多么美妙。 It was when we were returning home what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in
23、 trouble.(2015湖南) 4.直到跟两名学生交谈之后我才发现，实现目标的最大因素之一是具有强烈的动机。 Only after talking to two students that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.(2015湖南) 5.唯有找到内心的宁静，你才能保持良好的人际关系。 Only when you can find peace in your heart good relationships with others.(2014湖南),that I reali
24、zed,did I discover,will you keep,6.是风俗文化而不是语言使他很难适应国外的新环境。 It was the culture，rather than the language， for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.(2014福建) 7.只有把这家医院医生的人数增加50%，病人才能得到适当的治疗。 Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _properly in this hospital.(2013新课标全国) 8.直到Gross先生读了
25、文件之后，他才意识到他面前的任务非常难完成。 It was only after he had read the papers the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.(2013新课标全国),that made it hard,can the patients,be treated,that Mr Gross realized,9.这个男孩说：“我从来没有怀疑过我爸爸会来救我。” “Never for a second，” the boy says，“ that my father would come to my res
26、cue.”(2013江苏) 10.实际上他们从来没有违反比赛的规则。惩罚他们是不公平的。 At no time the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.(2013辽宁),did I doubt,did they actually break,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. (2014新课标全国，短文改错) 2.I couldnt believe my lucknot only did I had m
27、y photo taken with him，but he signed his name on my shirt！(2011陕西，短文改错),There,have,3.If you tell him a secret，never will he talks about it with anybody else.(2010重庆，短文改错) 4.“Neither did me，” said Mother cheerfully.(2010浙江，短文改错) 5.There exist now a park that has a small river running through. (2009全国
28、卷，短文改错),exists,talk,I,写作专题,人物介绍类文章属于记叙文，但常常在叙述中夹杂议论。文章主体介绍人物的主要特征和重要事迹，叙述时通常按照时间顺序，也可以按成就的大小顺序。记叙文的语言要以生动、真实、贴切为准则。 (1)通过环境描写了解人物的活动背景。 人物是指在一定环境中活动的人。环境是指作品描写的围绕人物展开的或人物行动涉及的一切外在条件的总和，包括自然环境和社会环境。另外，环境还包括与人物及其行为有关的特定气氛和情调。,Writing a character sketch,(2)通过事件的分析和描述来透视人物的思想性格。 情节是人物性格发展的必然结果，即人物性格是通过情
29、节发展具体体现的。 (3)把握描写人物的基本要素。 通常情况，刻画人物主要通过以下几种方式：肖像描写、动作描写、语言描写和心理描写。 (4)围绕人物组织材料，要注意材料的取舍，要突出人物的主要特点、主要事件、主要事迹等。,1.Sb.is considered to be one of the greatest. 2.Well known as.，he. 3.Born in a poor family，he had to. 4.When he was a little boy，he showed a great interest in. 5.Thanks to the help of.，he w
30、as able to continue his education. 6.Between.and.，he studied at. 7.From.to.，he first worked as.，and then he became.,8.He was praised/honored for. 9.She devoted herself to scientific research and made great contributions to. 10.She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her scientific achieveme
31、nts. 11.His achievements are worthy of praise.,请根据以下提示，以“Our Respected Teacher”为题来描写一位老师。词数100左右。 1.牛老师年近50岁，身材矮小，戴一副深度眼镜。他知识渊博，上课生动有趣。1980年到我校工作，多次受到表扬。 2.他从来不耽误同学们一节课。与学生关系融洽，但对学生要求严格。他是学生的良师益友，深受大家的尊重与爱戴。,Step One 审题谋篇 写作要求是写一篇人物介绍类记叙文。写作时应注意下面几点： 1.确定文体：记叙文。 2.主体时态：一般现在时为主。 3.主体人称：第三人称。,写作步骤,Ste
32、p Two 联想词汇 1.一副深度眼镜 _ 2.生动有趣 _ 3.因某事赞扬某人 _ 4.上课 _ 5.与相处得好 _ 6.严格要求 _,a pair of thick glasses lively and interesting praise sb.for sth. give lessons get on well with be strict with,Step Three 句式升级 1.他身材矮小，鼻子上戴着一副深度眼镜。He is a short man . (运用并列句)He is a short man . (运用with复合结构),and wears a pair of thic
33、k glasses on his nose,with a pair of thick glasses on his nose,2.牛老师1980年到我校工作，曾因出色的工作多次受到表扬。in 1980 in our school，Mr Niu has been praised for many times because of his excellent work. (运用since引导的时间状语从句)in 1980 in our school，Mr Niu has been praised for many times because of his excellent work. (运用si
34、nce引导的介词短语作状语),Since he took up teaching,Since taking up teaching,3.牛老师是我们的良师益友，深受大家的尊重与爱戴。，and he is respected and loved by us all.(运用简单句)，Mr Niu is respected and loved by us all. (运用介词短语),Mr Niu is a good teacher and friend,As a good teacher and friend,Step Four 连句成篇 _ _ _,Our Respected Teacher Mr
35、 Niu is nearly 50 years old.He is a short man with a pair of thick glasses on his nose.He is a respected teacher with profound knowledge and varieties of teaching methods which make his class lively and interesting.We all enjoy his lessons.Since taking up teaching in 1980 in our school，Mr Niu has be
36、en praised for many times because of his excellent work.,_ _,Mr Niu has never missed one class that he should give，and whenever he is giving his lessons，he always seems to forget everything.He gets on well with us but he is also strict with us.With his help，all of us make great progress in our studies.As a good teacher and friend，Mr Niu is respected and loved by us all.,本课结束,
