1、Module 1 Europe,单元语法一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态&主谓一致,内容索引,Period Three Grammar & Writing,单元写作Writing about a city,单元语法 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态&主谓一致,用所给动词的正确形式填空 1.Paris is one of the most beautiful cities and (visit) by more than eight million tourists every year. 2.Buildings such as the Parthenon on the Acropolis Hi
2、ll (build) during this period. 3.The Sagrada Familia (design) by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.,语法感知,语法导学,is visited,were built,was designed,4.Florences most beautiful paintings and sculptures _ (produce) by great artists. 5.Athens (know) as the birthplace of western civilisation. 6.Three-fourth
3、s of the project (complete) till now. 7.Many a student (realize) the importance of mastering a foreign language so far. 8.Our team (be) an expert team.,were produced,is known,has been completed,has realized,is,9.Either the students or their head teacher (be) supposed to reconsider how to deal with t
4、he problem. 10.The teacher with the students (be) playing football on the playground.,is,is,.一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 一、被动语态的基本构成 1.一般现在时的被动语态的构成：am/is/aredone。 I am asked to copy English words for ten times. 我被要求抄十遍英语单词。 Football is played all over the world. 全世界都踢足球。,语法精析,2.一般过去时的被动语态的构成：was/weredone。 The
5、 university was founded in 1901. 这所大学是1901年建的。 The 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing in 2008. 第29届奥运会是2008年在北京举办的。,二、被动语态的用法 1.不清楚谁是动作的执行者时，用被动语态。 His car was stolen when he parked in the street. 当他把车停在街上时，他的车被偷了。 2.没有必要指出动作的执行者时，用被动语态。 No one knows when the bridge was built. 没人知道这桥是什么时候建的。,3.
6、强调或突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。如果需要指出动作的执行者时，可用“by动作的执行者”这一结构。 Paris is visited by many people every year. 每年有很多人参观巴黎。 This painting was painted by Xu Beihong. 这幅画是徐悲鸿画的。,三、被动语态和系表结构的区别 被动结构表示动作，句子的主语是被动动作的对象；而系表结构说明主语所处的状态，其中的过去分词已经形容词化了。 The window was broken by Jack.(被动) 这窗户是杰克打碎的。 Watch out！The window is br
7、oken.(系表) 当心！这窗户是碎裂的。,I tapped the window and the door was opened.(被动) 我拍了拍窗户，门开了。 When I returned home，the door was open.(系表) 当我回到家时，门是开着的。,.主谓一致 一个句子的谓语动词在人称和数上与主语必须保持一致。本模块出现的是集合名词、代词(neither，none，each)作主语时与谓语动词一致的情况。下面就它们的用法进行讲解。 1.一些集合名词，如：family，team，class，band，committee，government，group，publi
8、c等用作主语时，若视为整体，谓语动词则用单数形式；若视为个体，谓语动词则用复数形式。,注意：集合名词cattle，people，police作主语时，谓语常用复数。 记忆秘诀：牛群爱人民警察。 People are working hard in the field. 人们正在地里辛勤地劳作。 The police are searching for the escaped prisoners. 警察正在搜寻逃跑的罪犯。,2.当两个主语由or，either.or.，neither.nor.或not only.but also.等连接时，谓语动词要与最近的主语一致，即我们常说的“就近原则”。 L
9、i Ming，or you，are going to meet the foreign friends at the airport. 李明，或者你，将去机场接外国朋友。 Neither the Smiths nor their son supports the plan. 史密斯夫妇和他们的儿子都不赞成这个计划。,注意：(1)both.and.连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Both you and I are interested in football. 我和你都对足球感兴趣。 (2)由as well as，along with，together with，in addition to
10、，including，rather than，except，besides等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数取决于该词之前的主语。 The students as well as their English teacher have attended the meeting. 学生和他们的英语老师都参加了这次会议。 A woman，together with some girls，is coming up to us. 一位妇女和一些女孩朝我们走过来。,3.代词either和neither常作单数看待，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 Either of the books is written by
11、 my mother. 这两本书中的一本是我妈妈写的。 Neither of you is fit for the job. 你们两个都不适合这份工作。,4.代词none常被视为复数，但有时也用作单数。其后常接of短语，作主语时，若指不可数名词，谓语只能用单数；若指可数名词、代词，谓语动词既可用复数形式也可用单数形式。 None of the money is left. 一点钱也没剩下。 None of them have/has yet turned up at the party. 他们都没在晚会上出现。,5.each在意义上属于单数。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Each student
12、 in our class works hard. 我们班的每个学生学习都刻苦。 Each of the women workers works as long as 12 hours every day. 每名女工每天都工作长达12个小时。,.用所给动词的正确形式填空,高考链接,1.The review says running regularly (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.(2018全国) 2.Since 2011，the country (grow) more cor
13、n than rice. (2018全国) 3.The publication of Great Expectations，which (be)both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.(2017江苏),is,has grown,was,4.Nowadays，cycling，along with jogging and swimming，_ (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.(20
14、17天津) 5.When fat and salt (remove) from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something.(2017全国) 6.Fast food (be) full of fat and salt；by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.(2017全国) 7.Truly elegant chopsticks might (make) of gold and silver with C
15、hinese characters.(2016全国),is regarded,are removed,is,be made,8.The giant panda (love) by people throughout the world. (2016四川) 9.To my delight，I (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.(2015福建) 10.It is important to remember that success (be) a sum of small efforts made
16、each day and often (take) years to achieve.(2015湖南),is loved,was chosen,takes,is,11.All we need (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.(2014湖南) 12.The university estimates that living expenses for international students a
17、round $8,450 a year，which a burden for some of them.(be) (2013湖南),is,is,are,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误),1.About one month after this photo was took，I entered my second year of high school and became a new member of the school music club. (2017全国，短文改错) 2.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high qu
18、ality oil are using for cooking.(2016全国，短文改错),taken,used,3.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.(2015全国，短文改错) 4.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the skythey looked like rain！(2014陕西，短文改错),were,5.Today，I am going to talk about wha
19、t you should do when a fire alarm go off.(2014四川，短文改错) 6.The understanding between two friends mean both of them have similar ideas and trust each other.(2014大纲全国，短文改错),goes,means,.用所给动词的正确形式填空,达标检测,1.This coastal area (name) National Wildlife Reserve last year. 2.The computer (make) in Qingdao and
20、has a high quality. 3.Some parts of that country (strike) by a powerful earth-quake last week. 4.Mr Crossett (make) to give up his experiment because of his poor health last year.,was named,was made,were struck,was made,5.The history of the western art (teach) by Lorry，a university student from the
21、USA. 6.Not only I but also David and Iris (be) fond of playing basketball. 7.Tom as well as his brothers (hit) by a car the other day. 8.The cattle (eat) grass on the side of the hill every day. 9.The medical team (be) treating the injured at present in that hospital. 10.Each citizen over 18 years o
22、ld in our country (have) the right to vote.,is taught,are,was hit,eat,are,has,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误),11.She is the only one of the girls who write stories for children. 12.The writer and teacher were talking to the boys happily. 13.The little children are taken good care in this center. 14.The guests trea
23、ted badly while they were staying in this hotel. 15.Its said that the accident was happened on a rainy night.,writes,was, of, were,.语法填空,(2018广东湛江一中高一期中),In Canada，volunteering is extremely common among people of all ages.They believe that being helpful is one of the most important 16. (quality) to
24、have.There are many forms of voluntary work and opportunities to help are everywhere,17. (include) schools or peoples gardens.,qualities,including,Im volunteering for a foundation 18. (assist) the teachers there.Im in charge of a preschool class，19. students are aged from 3 to 6.When I first started
25、，I was quite nervous as Id never worked with little kids before.As time went on，I 20. (become) more familiar with them.One teacher asked me to help the 21._ (young) girl in the class draw a picture 22. (base) on the word “grateful”.As I was drawing and talking with her，I 23._ (gradual) felt warm and
26、 peaceful，and I realized 24. was not that difficult to work with children.When the class was over，I felt really excited and even a bit proud of 25. I had done.,to assist,where,became,youngest,based,gradually,it,what,Volunteering gives us not only an opportunity to change someones life but also the s
27、atisfaction of helping others.It is also a great way to develop social skills and valuable experience for our future.,单元写作 Writing about a city,技法点拨,介绍某一城市就是对该城市的大致状况进行描述，向人们展示该城市的地貌特征、风土人情、历史文化等。写此类文章应注意以下几点： 1.一般应包括该城市的位置、面积、人口、历史、气候、特产等。但是一定要抓住该城市的主要特色，这样才能给读者留下深刻的印象。 2.要遵循一定的写作顺序。描述该城市的位置时，首先要找好
28、中心点，再由近及远，也可以先总体后局部，或者按照一定的时间或空间顺序来写。,写作指导,3.此类文章常用一般现在时。 4.口头介绍类的文章一般都口语化比较明显，而且要有称呼和开头语、结束语。写作时要把题目要求和提示内容相结合，不要遗漏要点。连句成文时需注意使用过渡衔接词以使行文连贯。,1.介绍城市的地理位置、自然特色、人口以及历史等信息。 (1)It is situated on/in/at. (2)It is located in. (3)Its warm/cold. (4)It has a population of. (5)It has a long history.,常用表达,2.描写城
29、市的变化。 (1)Great changes have taken place in. (2)Buildings have been built. (3)This village used to be very poor.However，it has changed a lot since 1978 and has been developing very fast. (4)People here live a much better life than before.Now it is taking on a new look.,(5)In short，changes in our life
30、 in the past twenty years have brought us comfort and convenience. (6)If you were here，you would be amazed by the great changes/the beauty of our city(school/campus/hometown). 3.就变化提出自己的感想和合理化建议。 (1)However，there are some problems. (2)In my opinion，it should be developed scientifically.,假如你是李华，你的一个美
31、国中学生网友Tim希望暑假来青岛旅游，请你用英语给他发一封100词左右的电子邮件，向他介绍青岛，要点如下： 1.青岛市位于山东半岛南端，面积11 282平方公里，人口920多万； 2.青岛三面环海，风景优美，气候宜人； 3.青岛是一座世界著名的旅游城市，每年有数千万的游客前来游览观光，最受欢迎的景点有青岛国际帆船中心、栈桥、海底世界；,典题示例,4.青岛也是一座现代化工业城市，海信、海尔是青岛的两大公司。 注意：邮件的开头及结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：半岛peninsula；国际帆船中心the International Sailing Centre；栈桥Zhan Qiao Pier
32、,写作要求是根据提示信息写一封电子邮件来介绍青岛。写作时应注意下面几点： 1.确定文体：这是一篇应用文，是学生熟悉的电子邮件，写作中应注意邮件的常规格式。 2.主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。 3.主体人称：由于是介绍一个地方，所以人称应该以第三人称为主。,审题谋篇,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _,联想词汇,要点词句,1.对感到高兴 2.向介绍 3.位于 4.占面积 5.有多少人口 6.被环绕 7.另外 8.盼望,be glad/happy to. introduce.to. lie in/be situated/located in cover an area of. have a pop
33、ulation of. be surrounded by. in addition/besides/moreover/furthermore/additionally look forward to,句式升级,1.青岛位于山东半岛南端，面积11 282平方公里，人口920多万。Qingdao .It covers an area of 11,282 km2 and has a population of more than 9,200,000. (简单句)Qingdao， ，covers an area of 11,282 km2 and has a population of more th
34、an 9,200,000.(定语从句)Qingdao lies in the south of Shandong peninsula， an area of 11,282 km2，with a population of more than 9,200,000.(现在分词作状语),lies in/is situated/located in the south of Shandong peninsula,which lies in the south of Shandong peninsula,covering,2.青岛三面环海，风景优美，气候宜人。Qingdao is surrounded
35、by the sea on three sides _.(with介词短语)on three sides，Qingdao has very beautiful scenery and pleasant weather.(过去分词短语作状语),with beautiful scenery,and pleasant weather,Surrounded by the sea,3.青岛也是一座现代化工业城市，海信、海尔是青岛的两大公司。Qingdao is also a modern industrial city. two world-class companiesHisense and Haie
36、r.(简单句)Qingdao， ，is the home of two world-class companiesHisense and Haier.(同位语),It is the home of,also a modern industrial city,4.希望尽快在这儿与你见面。you here soon.(hope to do)you here soon.(look forward to),Hope to see,Looking forward to seeing,连句成篇,Now Id like to introduce something about the city to you
37、. Qingdao，which lies in the south of Shandong peninsula，covers an area of 11,282 km2 and has a population of more than 9,200,000. Surrounded by the sea on three sides，Qingdao has very beautiful scenery and pleasant weather.Tourism is an important part of the citys income，,Dear Tim， Im glad to learn
38、that you are coming to Qingdao for a visit this summer.,and every year tens of millions of tourists visit the city.Now the International Sailing Centre，Zhan Qiao Pier and the Underground Sea World are the most popular attractions.In addition，Qingdao is also a modern industrial city.It is the home of two world-class companiesHisense and Haier. Looking forward to seeing you here soon.,Yours faithfully， Li Hua,
