1、Unit 2 The environment,基础自测,内容索引,要点探究,当堂达标,Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage,语法专题,基础自测,.重点单词 1. n.到来，抵达；到达者vi.到达 2. vt.& n.逮捕 3. adv.非法地adj.非法的adj.合法的adv.合法地,arrival,arrive,arrest,illegally,illegal,legal,legally,4. n.海关；关税n.风俗，习惯n.顾客 5. vt.使印象深刻n.印象adj.印象深刻的adj.给人以深刻印象的 6. vi.冲突，抵触n.冲突；矛盾,cu
2、stoms,custom,customer,impress,impression,impressed,impressive,conflict,.重点短语 1. 变回 2. 根本，丝毫 3. 为腾出空间 4. 拾起；(开车)接；收听；学会 5. 打扫(或清除)干净,change back into,at all,make space for,pick up,clean up,.重点句式The state of our parks is very shocking， . 我们公园的状况令人十分震惊，到处都是垃圾。spring，beautiful birds would sing happily i
3、n the park. 一到春天，漂亮的鸟儿就会在公园里欢快地歌唱。,with rubbish everywhere,Upon the arrival of,1.with复合结构,2.Upon/On (doing) sth.,It was people were not listening. 好像人们并没有在听。I liked when you told that joke. 我喜欢你讲的那个笑话。,as if,it,3.as if从句,4.like it when,要点探究,重点词汇,经典句式,(1)at all意为“根本，丝毫”，常用于否定句、条件句中；还可用于肯定句、疑问句中，意为“真的
4、，确实”。,Nothing you find in Ecoville causes any harm at all. 在生态村你根本找不到(对环境)造成危害的东西。,归纳拓展,重点词汇,(2)固定搭配： not at all根本不，一点也不 after all毕竟，终究 above all首先，最重要的是，强调重要性 in all总计；总之 first of all首先，第一，强调次序上的最早 all at once突然，同时，马上,(1)I dont agree with you at all. 我根本不同意你的意见。 (2)There are more than 1,000 cars in
5、 all. 总共有一千多辆车。 (3)First of all，let me introduce myself. 首先，让我作一下自我介绍。 (4)All at once，a rabbit came out of a hole. 突然，一只兔子从一个洞中跑了出来。,语境助记,(1)句型转换 Some want no children at all. Some want any children . (2)不要责备他，他毕竟是个孩子。 Dont blame on him， he is a child. (3)我对你们的服务根本不满意。 Im satisfied with your service
6、 .,题组训练,dont,at,all,after all,not,at all,(1)impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记 impress sth.on/upon ones mind把牢记在心,When I heard what you said about the environment and the economy needing to work together more，I was very impressed. 当我听到你所说的环境(保护)与经济(发展)需要更好的协调，我留下了深刻的印象。,归纳拓展,impress sth.on/upon sb. impress sb.wit
7、h sth.,使某人牢记某事,(2)impressed adj.印象深刻的 be impressed with/by留下深刻印象/被深深感动 (3)impression n.印象 leave/make an impression on sb.给某人留下深刻印象 (4)impressive adj.给人以深刻印象的,(1)Please impress what you see on your mind. 请把你见到的牢记在心。 (2)He tried to impress me with his extensive knowledge of wine. 他试图使我牢记他丰富的葡萄酒知识。 (3)
8、Quality products from Chinas Zhejiang Province impress buyers at Kyrgyz fair. 来自浙江省的高质量产品在吉尔吉斯斯坦市场中让买家们印象深刻。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)句型转换 His performance made a deep impression on the audience. The audience his performance. (2)他们的诚实与好客给她一生留下了美好的印象。 Their honesty and hospitality her life. (3)老师要我们牢牢记住勤奋节俭的重要性。
9、Our teacher the importance of diligence and thrift.,was impressed with/by,left/made a wonderful impression on,impressed on us/impressed us with,(4)My first of him was that he was a kind and considerate young man.(2017徐州王杰中学高二期中) A.expression B.admission C.explanation D.impression,答案,conflict vi.冲突，抵
10、触；n.冲突，矛盾 conflict with与相矛盾；与发生冲突；与相抵触 in conflict with与冲突,Many people think that economic development and environmental protection conflict with each other. 许多人认为经济发展与环境保护是彼此矛盾的。,归纳拓展,(1)They hope to avoid military conflict with Iran. 他们希望避免与伊朗发生军事冲突。 (2)Your request is in conflict with my duties.
11、你的请求与我的职责相抵触。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)句型转换 Why do you conflict with your boss? Why you your boss? (2)Tom has recognized the man (与经理发生冲突的).,are,in conflict with,in conflict with the manager,The state of our parks is very shocking，with rubbish everywhere. 我们公园的状况令人十分震惊，到处都是垃圾。,经典句式,(1)with rubbish everywhere是wi
12、th的复合结构作状语。 (2)with的复合结构是with宾语宾语补足语，常见的形式有：,归纳拓展,withn.,现在分词 过去分词 形容词 副词 介词短语 动词不定式,(1)With so many people sitting there，I felt nervous. 这么多人坐在那里，我觉得紧张。 (2)He left his office with the door unlocked. 他没有锁门就离开办公室了。 (3)He is used to sleeping with the window open. 他习惯开着窗户睡觉。 (4)The building looks even
13、more beautiful with all lights on. 大楼的灯全部打开时，看起来甚至更漂亮。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)用所给词的正确形式填空 The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog (follow)them. The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already (lie) for a meal to be cooked. Dont speak with your mouth (full). I
14、 cant go out with all these clothes (wash). (2)她含着眼泪说了声再见。 She said goodbye .,following,laid,full,to wash,with tears in her eyes,(3)CICC released a list of the 30 most beautiful counties in China for the year 2014，with Yangshuo the list.(2017泰兴中学高二期中) A.topped B.topping C.to top D.having topped,答案,U
15、pon the arrival of spring，beautiful birds would sing happily in the park. 一到春天，漂亮的鸟儿就会在公园里欢快地歌唱。,(1)Upon/On (doing) sth.是固定结构，意为“一就”，相当于一个状语从句。,归纳拓展,(2)表达“一就”的其他方式有：,as soon as the moment/minute/instant从句 hardly.when. no sooner.than.,(1)Upon his arrival in Shanghai，he wrote to me. 一到上海，他就给我写了信。 (2)U
16、pon seeing her mother，she burst into tears. 一见到母亲，她就放声大哭起来。 (3)As soon as I went in，Kate let out a cry of surprise. 我一进去，凯特就惊讶地叫了一声。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)句型转换 As soon as he returned from Europe，he set out to work. On from Europe，he set out to work. (2)我一到家天就下起雨来。 I had no sooner reached home . (3)我们刚一开始爬山就开
17、始下起雪来。the climb when the snow began to come down.,his return,than it began to rain,Hardly had we begun,It was as if people were not listening. 好像人们并没有在听。,(1)as if “好像”，在本句中引导表语从句。 (2)as if可引导状语从句和表语从句，常用虚拟语气，若表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用过去时；若表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。如果as if引导的从句所表示的内容与事实相符，则使用陈述语气。,归纳拓展,(1
18、)He acts as if he were an American. 他做起事来好像是一个美国人。 (2)It is cloudy now and it looks as if it is going to rain. 天阴了，好像要下雨了。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)他看起来像一个艺术家似的。 He looks he an artist.,as if,were,(2)Dont handle the vase as if it made of steel. A.is B.were C.has been D.had been,答案,解析,句意为：不要这么拿着这个花瓶，就好像它是钢制成似的。as
19、 if意为“好像”，分析句意可知as if后面的句子须使用虚拟语气，并且所述情况是对现在事实的假设，因此使用一般过去时，故选择B项。,I liked it when you told that joke. 我喜欢你讲的那个笑话。,句中like是及物动词，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语为when引导的从句。 (1)在英语中表示喜爱、憎恶之类的动词后面常常不直接加宾语从句，而要用形式宾语it，然后再加真正的宾语从句，这样的动词有：appreciate，enjoy，like，dislike，love，hate，prefer等。 (2)一些动词短语后面也常用it作形式宾语然后加真正的宾语从句，常见的动词短
20、语有：depend on，rely on，see to等。,归纳拓展,(1)I dont like it when the weather gets too hot. 当天气变得太热的时候我就不喜欢了。 (2)I dislike it when people talk loudly in public. 我不喜欢别人在公共场合大声喧哗。 (3)Yon may depend on it that they will support you. 你相信好了，他们会支持你的。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)你相信好了，她会来参加婚礼的。 You can that she will come to the
21、wedding.,depend on it,(2)Can I ask you a few straightforward questions? No problem.I like when people are open and direct. A.this B.it C./ D.that,答案,解析,句意为：我能问你几个直白的问题吗？没问题。我喜欢人们坦率直接。it在此作形式宾语。,当堂达标,.词形变换,1.We waited for the (arrive) of our guests. 2.More expressways will be built in Sichuan soon to
22、 promote the local (economic).(2015四川) 3.Hundreds of people have formed (impress) of you through that little device(装置) on your desk.(2016全国) 4.She put on dark glasses as a (protect) against the strong light. 5.The teaching building，designed to be (environment) friendly，will be completed next year.,
23、arrival,economy,impressions,protection,environmentally,6.他表现得好像没有东西可学一样。 He acted as if he . 7.一听到这个消息，她就大声地哭了起来。，she burst into tears. 8.她毫无生活经验。 She had . 9.他和衣躺在床上。 He was lying on the bed . 10.我已经表明我反对这个计划。 I have Im against the plan.,.完成句子,had nothing to learn,On/Upon hearing the news,no experi
24、ence of life at all,with all his clothes on,made it clear that,.单项填空,11.Her newspaper account of what happened with his.I have no idea who I should believe. A.agrees B.debates C.conflicts D.argues,答案,解析,考查动词词义辨析。句意为：她在报纸上对发生的事的陈述与他的相矛盾，我都不知道该相信谁。故选C。,12.I felt my heart would burst with joy. A.even i
25、f B.as if C.even though D.now that,答案,解析,考查连词。句意为：我觉得我心花怒放。even if即使；as if好像；even though即使；now that既然。根据题意选B。,13.Have you got used to the Chinese food，Robert? Yes.But I dont like when a Chinese host keeps serving me the food I dislike.(2016泰州高二月考) A.this B.that C.those D.it,答案,解析,考查it作形式宾语。句意为：罗伯特，你
26、习惯中国食物了吗？ 是的。但我不喜欢中国主人老是让我吃我不喜欢的食物。此处考查I like it when句式，所以选D。,14. with the courage and determination of the young cancer patient，many people left message in his micro-blog，encouraging him to fight with the disease.(2016湖南株洲高二检测) A.To impress B.Impressing C.Having impressed D.Impressed,答案,解析,考查非谓语动词。
27、句意为：受到年轻癌症患者勇气和决心的感动，很多人在他的博客上留言，鼓励他与疾病作斗争。be impressed with被所感动。,15.It is reported that the agent was for carrying a false passport.(2016常德高二检测) A.arrested B.accused C.charged D.suspected,答案,解析,考查动词词义辨析。句意为：据报道那个代理商因使用假护照而被捕。be arrested for因被逮捕；be accused of因被指控；be charged with被控告；be suspected of被怀
28、疑。,语法专题现在分词,语法感知,语法精析,高考链接,1.Other types of waste flow into our water， (kill) river and sea life. 2.As a business development consultant，Im often seen as (be) against the environment. 3.What Im here to say is that (work) with many environmental consultants，I know that a healthy environment and devel
29、opment should be possible at the same time.,语法感知,用所给动词的正确形式填空,killing,being,having worked,4.This might make wood and seafood more expensive，but (pay) a higher price for some things is not always bad. 5. (ask) around，I find many people willing to pay a little higher price for things that are friendly
30、 to the environment.,paying,Asking,语法精析,一、现在分词的主动语态 现在分词的主动语态分为一般式和完成式两种。现在分词一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行；完成式所表示的动作则在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成了。例如： They went to the park，singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。(singing and talking与went同时发生)(一般式) Having done his homework，he played basketball. 做完作业，他开始打篮球。(having done发
31、生在played basketball之前)(完成式),二、现在分词的被动语态 一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动动作。例如： The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。(一般式) Having been told many times，the naughty boy made the same mistake. 被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。(完成式),三、现在分词的句法功能 1.作定语 (1)现在分词作定语，表示动作正在进行或经常性的现在或当时的状态。当分词
32、单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语作定语，则放在名词后(称为后置定语，相当于一个定语从句)；如果是修饰代词，则通常放在代词后面。例如： In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。 The girl singing for us is ten years old. 为我们唱歌的那个女孩10岁了。,(2)现在分词与名词或形容词一起可构成合成词，用作形容词，可作定语。例如： a coal-mining centre采煤中心 breathtaking scenery令人惊叹的景色 English-speak
33、ing countries说英语的国家 a good-looking child长得好看的孩子 a high-sounding expression夸张的说法，高调,2.作表语 现在分词作表语表示主语的性质或特征。常见的有：exciting，interesting，disappointing，discouraging，encouraging，puzzling，missing，surprising，confusing，amusing，charming，astonishing，shocking，inviting等。这些现在分词几乎已经变成形容词，常用very修饰。例如： The film bein
34、g shown in the cinema is very exciting. 正在这家电影院上演的电影很棒。 The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。,3.作宾语补足语和主语补足语 (1)以下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语：see，watch，hear，feel，find，get，keep，notice，observe，listen to，look at，leave，catch，start，have，set，want等。例如： Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她
35、在隔壁唱歌吗？ I wont have him shouting at me that way. 我不允许他那样对我大喊大叫。,(2)如果谓语动词是被动语态的形式，这时分词成了主语补足语，分词形式不变。例如： He was seen coming in. 有人看见他正走进来。 4.作状语 现在分词或分词短语作状语时，可表示时间、原因、方式、条件、目的、结果、让步、伴随等，还可作独立成分。例如： Not knowing English (As he didnt know English)，he couldnt understand the film. 由于不懂英语，他看不懂这部电影。(表原因),
36、While reading the book (While he was reading the book)，he nodded from time to time. 他在看这本书时，不停地点头。(表时间) Turning to the left (If you turn to the left)，you will see the post office. 如果你往左拐，就会看见邮局。(表条件) It snowed heavily last night，thus causing the traffic problems today (as a result we have the traffi
37、c problems today). 昨晚下大雪，从而导致了今天的交通问题。(表结果),Weighing almost one hundred jin (Though it weighed almost one hundred jin)，the box was lifted by him with one hand. 尽管这个盒子有100斤重，他却用一只手将其举了起来。(表让步) The man sat there，reading the newspaper (and was reading the newspaper). 那位男士坐在那儿，在看报。(表伴随),题组训练,.用所给动词的正确形式
38、填空 1. (follow) the teachers suggestion，Tom finally found a way to settle the problem. 2.Recently a survey (compare) prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused a heated debate among citizens. 3. (gather) around the fire，the tourists danced with the local people.,Following,compa
39、ring,Gathering,4.The number of farmers with Internet access has dramatically increased，(change) the way farmers do business. 5. (ask) to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film.,changing,Having been asked,.完成句子 1.这个女孩和父母吵架以后就离开了家，这让她父母很担心。 The girl left home after quarreling with her pa
40、rents，_. 2.每年，这个老庙宇都会吸引很多游客来参观。它的历史可以追溯到11世纪。 Every year，a good many tourists are attracted to visit the old temple _the eleventh century. 3.由他所弹奏的电影音乐听起来很令人兴奋。 The music of the film played by him .,making them quite,worried,dating,back to,sounds so exciting,4.很快他们就看见蒸汽从湿衣服上升起。 Soon they could the w
41、et clothes. 5.由于住在纽约多年，我对这里的每一处都很熟悉。in New York for years，I know each part of it well.,see the steam rising from,Having lived,高考链接,1.Newly-built wooden cottages line the street， the old town into a dreamland.(2016北京，32) A.turn B.turning C.to turn D.turned,答案,解析,考查非谓语动词。句意为 ：新建的小木屋沿街排成一行，将这个古老的小镇变成了一
42、个梦幻之地。句子主语newly-built wooden cottages与turn是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故选B。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2.I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do with students. (2016浙江，19) A.working B.work C.to work D.worked,答案,解析,考查非谓语动词。句意为：航海的乐趣与我现在和学生一起上课的乐趣一样多。have fun doing sth.做某事很开心，是固定搭配，故选A。,1,2,3,4,5,
43、6,7,8,9,10,3.Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it live is quite another.(2015浙江，18) A.perform B.performing C.to perform D.being performed,答案,解析,考查非谓语动词。句意为：在家听音乐是一回事，去现场听正在被演奏的音乐完全是另外一回事。题干中含有“hear宾语宾语补足语”结构，宾语it(指代music)与perform之间存在被动关系，且此处表示去现场听正在被演奏的音乐，故应用being performed作宾语补足语
44、。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,4. for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.(2015天津，8) A.To work B.Worked C.To be working D.Having worked,答案,解析,考查非谓语动词。句意为：工作了两天后，史蒂夫设法准时完成了报告。动词work与句子主语Steve之间为主谓关系，故要用现在分词形式；同时work的动作发生在谓语动词managed to finish之前，故要用完成时。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,5.Like ancient
45、sailors，birds can find their way the sun and the stars.(2015重庆，11) A.used B.having used C.using D.use,答案,解析,考查非谓语动词。句意为：就像古时候的水手一样，鸟能利用太阳和星星找到它们的路。根据语境，use与其句中隐含的逻辑主语birds之间为主动关系，故用v.-ing形式的一般式，在句中作伴随状语，表示与find同时发生。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,6.When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smil
46、e，she stood rooted to the ground， whether to stay or leave.(2015湖南，30) A.wondering B.wonder C.to wonder D.wondered,答案,解析,考查非谓语动词。句意为：那名店员看到一张友善的脸，脸上因歉意的微笑布满了皱纹，这时她愣在了那里，琢磨着是走还是留。句子的主语she与wonder之间是主动关系，且wonder与主句谓语stood是同时发生的，故用现在分词作伴随状语。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,7.In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared， the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”.(2015福建，33) A.combine B.combined C.combining D.being combined,
