1、Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage.重点单词1 vt.& vi.减少2 n志愿者；vi & vt.自愿做，义务做3 vi.& vt.(吸着气)嗅，闻4 vt.分析5 vt.认识，辨认出；意识到； (正式)承认n认出；认识6 n谜，疑问；vt.迷惑，使困惑adj.感到迷惑的adj.令人迷惑的7 vt.忽视；对 不予理会8 vi.流汗；n .汗水n运动衫；毛线衫.重点短语1 在某些情况下，有时候2 挨饿3 与有关4 对好奇的5 充分利用6 而不是7 回某地8 冒雪行进9 接近，靠近10 突然.重点句式1It isdone that.Since str
2、ong smells can affect the senses，volunteers were required not to eat or drink for eight hours before the experiment.因为人们认为强烈的气味会影响感觉，所以志愿者们被要求在实验开始前八个小时内不吃不喝。2that 指代“ 同类的单数或不可数名词”One explanation is that womens sense of smell is better developed than ，and is linked to recognizing the smell of babies
3、.种解释是女性的嗅觉比男性的发达，而且这和识别婴儿的体味有关系。重点词汇1In some cases，different parts of speech (usually a noun and a verb) have the same spelling but different meanings.在某些情况下，不同的词性(通常是名词和动词) 有相同的拼写但不同的含义。归纳拓展in some cases 在某些情况下，有时候in any case 无论如何，总之in case 在情况下，万一；免得，以防 (万一)in case of 在的情况下，万一in the case of.关于，就 而
4、言in this/that case 假使这样/ 那样的话in no case 决不(置于句首，引起倒装)as is often the case (with.) 通常就是这样；是常有的事语境助记(1)In some cases standards have improved.在某些情况下标准已经提高了。(2)Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move in case she injured her neck.(2016全国)Larry 告诉她他已经把火扑灭，她应该待着不动以防伤着脖子。
5、(3)Please inform me in advance in case of any change.万一有什么变化，请提前通知我。(4)As is often the case with him，he was fined for speeding.他因超速而被罚款，这对他而言是常有的事。题组训练(1)在任何情况下你都不能离开岗位。In no case your post.(2)Honesty is generally considered the best policy you are stopped by the police at the accident spot.(2016邗江中
6、学高一期中 )Ain case Beven thoughCso that Donly if2Poor people often have to go hungry because they cannot afford the increase.穷人经常得挨饿，因为他们负担不起这种增长。归纳拓展go hungry 表示“挨饿” 。go 作连系动词，意为“变得” ，后面多跟形容词作表语，指由好到坏的变化。其常用搭配有：go wrong/bad/ mad/blind/deaf 出毛病了/变坏/发疯/变瞎/变聋。语境助记(1)The washing machine has gone wrong.洗衣机
7、出毛病了。(2)Food goes bad easily in summer.夏天食物容易变质。(3)His face went red with anger.他气得满脸通红。题组训练(1)你嫁给了他，要挨饿的。If you marry him，youll .(2)On hearing the news of the mine accident，she pale.Agot BchangedCwent Dappeared3The possibility that pleasant smells might reduce pain has recently been suggested by ne
8、w research.好闻的气味会减弱疼痛的可能性在近期的新研究中得到了证实。归纳拓展reduce vt.& vi.减少，缩小 (尺寸、数量、价格等)reduce.to.把 减少到reduce.by.减少，缩小( 程度) be reduced to.沦落为；迫使语境助记(1)One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.减少压力最有效的方法之一，是与信任的人谈谈你的感受。(2)She reduced her weight by 6 kilos to
9、 30 kilos.她把体重减到了 30 公斤，减轻了 6 公斤。(3)For some time he was reduced to begging.有一段时间他沦落到了乞讨的地步。题组训练(1)用适当的介词填空It is proper that housing price is reduced 10%.They were reduced extreme poverty.(2)The population of this city，forty percent of which ， 15% in the last three years.Aare Germans；has risen byBar
10、e Germen；has fallen byCis German；have increased toDis Germans；has been reduced by(3)The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into the streets.Yes.But Im sure something must be done to air pollution.Areduce BremoveCcollect Dincrease4.，volunteers were required not to eat or drink for eight hours be
11、fore the experiment.，志愿者们被要求在试验开始前八个小时内不吃不喝。归纳拓展(1)volunteer n志愿者； vt.& vi.自愿做，义务做volunteer sth.自愿提供，自愿给予volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事volunteer for 自愿参加volunteer as/to be 自愿成为(2)voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的，主动的语境助记(1)She volunteered some information.她主动提供了一些信息。(2)Two men volunteered to search for the missing c
12、limber.两个人自告奋勇去寻找那位失踪的登山者。(3)When she retired，she did a lot of voluntary work for the Red Cross.她退休后为红十字会做了大量的志愿工作。题组训练(1)用适当的介词填空He volunteered a teacher in Tibet.Why do you want to volunteer our organization?(2)他自愿服务充当司机。He volunteered .5One explanation is that womens sense of smell is better deve
13、loped than that of men，and is linked to recognizing the smell of babies.一种解释是女性的嗅觉比男性的发达，而且这和识别婴儿的体味有关系。归纳拓展(1)recognize vt.认识；辨认出；意识到；(正式) 承认recognize.as/to be.承认/公认是 recognize that.认识到/承认 It is (generally) recognized that.人们公认 (2)recognition n认出；认识beyond recognition 认不出来语境助记(1)I found it honored t
14、hat he still recognized me after all these years.过了这么多年他还认得我，使我觉得荣幸。(2)We recognized that Kurt wasnt just trying to make a sale.(2016江苏)我们认识到库尔特不仅仅是在做销售。(3)It is recognized that Jane is the most intelligent girl among us.Jane is recognized as/to be the most intelligent girl among us.Jane 是我们当中公认的最聪明
15、的女孩。题组训练(1)Oh，its you.I you.Why are you looking so thin and pale?I have been ill for weeks and still under treatment.(2017清江中学高一月考)Acant recognizeBdidnt recognizeChaven t recognizedDwasn t recognizing(2)When he returned to his hometown after the war，he found it had changed beyond all .(2017启东中学高一月考)
16、Arecognition BrecreationCdecoration Dconstruction6However，why pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men remains a puzzle for scientists.然而，为什么悦人的气味不能减少男人的疼痛对科学家们来说还是个谜。归纳拓展(1)puzzle n难题，难解之事；vt.迷惑，使困惑be in a puzzle 感到困惑puzzle out 仔细思考，设法想出答案puzzle about/over sth.对某事苦苦思索(2)puzzled adj.感到困惑的(3)puzzlin
17、g adj.令人感到困惑的语境助记(1)Her decision was a puzzle to him.她的决定对他来说是个谜。(2)What puzzles me is why he left home without telling anyone.令我困惑的是他为什么没告诉任何人就离家出走了。(3)The firemen were in a puzzle about the cause of the fire.消防队员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。(4)I have never been able to puzzle her out.我一直对她捉摸不透。题组训练(1)我看见他正在苦苦思索一道
18、数学题。I saw him a math problem.(2)When we speak English today，we sometimes feel about which words or phrases to use.Apuzzled BanxiousCgrateful Dignorant(3)She had a look on her face because of the problem.Apuzzled；puzzled Bpuzzling；puzzlingCpuzzled；puzzling Dpuzzling；puzzled7Scientists observe that ma
19、king the most of our senses when we are young can keep us healthy later on in life.科学家们注意到，我们年轻的时候充分利用我们的感觉会使我们在以后的生活中保持健康。归纳拓展make the most of 最大限度地利用，充分利用make use of 利用make full/good use of 充分/ 好好利用make better use of 更好地利用make the best of 最大限度地利用语境助记(1)We should make the most of the opportunity.我们
20、应充分利用这一机遇。(2)We must make good use of our spare time.我们必须用好我们的业余时间。(3)We could make better use of our resources.我们可以更有效地利用我们的资源。题组训练(1)用所给词的适当形式填空The boss insisted that every minute (make) full use of (do) the work well.(2)Would you mind giving me advice on how to do my new job well?If you make most
21、 of the time，there will be rise in your work efficiency.A/；/ B/；aCthe ；a Dthe；/8It is added that while our sense of sight is used too much，our senses of touch and smell have been ignored.它(研究报告) 补充说我们的视觉用得太多，而我们的触觉和嗅觉被忽略了。归纳拓展(1)ignore vt.忽视；对不予理会(2)ignorance n忽视be in ignorance of sth.不知某事；对某事不了解(3)
22、ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的be ignorant of/about sth.不知道某事be ignorant that.不知道语境助记(1)He ignored all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette.他无视所有“禁止吸烟”的标牌，并且还点了根烟。(2)We are in complete ignorance of your plans.我们对你的计划一无所知。题组训练(1)用 ignore 的适当形式填空He is in of his serious illness，so he the doctors advice；t
23、hat is to say，he is that he is in danger now.(2)Some of the members demanded to know why they had been kept the true facts until they reached the present critical stage.Ain ignorance of Bin the light ofCin honor of Din view of 经典句式One explanation is that womens sense of smell is better developed tha
24、n that of men，and is linked to recognizing the smell of babies.一种解释是女性的嗅觉比男性的发达，而且这和识别婴儿的体味有关系。归纳拓展(1)本句是复合句，主语为 one explanation，that womens.babies 是表语从句，在表语从句中，is better developed 与 is linked to 并列作谓语。(2)that of men 中的 that 为指示代词，代指前面提到的 sense。that 代指前文提到的名词时，表示同一类，但未必是同一个。易混辨析 it，one，that(1)it 相当于
25、“the (that，this)名词” ，特指上文已经出现的人或物，用以指代单数可数名词或不可数名词，即指代同名同物。(2)one 相当于“a 名词” ，泛指前面提到过的同类事物中的不同的另一个，用于指代单数可数名词，即指代同名异物。前面可有定语，也可没有。(3)that 相当于“the名词” ，特指上文中已出现的单数或不可数名词，以避免重复，that 指代的名词与前面的名词属于同一类，但不属于同一个。一般情况下，其后都有定语。语境助记(1)The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Tianjin.上海的人口比天津的人口多。(2)Can
26、 you see the book？It is on the desk.你看见那本书了吗？它在桌子上。(3)We have been looking at the houses，but havent found one we like yet.我们一直在看房子，但还没有找到一套我们喜欢的。题组训练(1)用 it，one，that 填空The water in the glass is hotter than in the cup.A chair made of steel is stronger than made of wood.There is still a copy of the bo
27、ok in the library.Will you go and borrow ？No，Id rather buy in the bookstore.(2)I cant find my raincoat.I hung it behind the door.I saw Peter going away with ，but I m not sure whether its yours.(2016淮安淮阴区高一期中)Aone BthatCit Dsome.单词拼写1Though I hadnt seen Peter for about twenty years，I r him the moment
28、 I saw him.2 (志愿者工作) gives you a chance to change lives，including your own.3Eating this kind of fruit often (减少) the risks of heart disease.4Why he left the company without telling anyone is still a p to us.5I said hello to her ，but she i me completely!.选词填空rather than；make the most of；be linked to；
29、leave out；all of a sudden6The teacher suggested to us that we time to study English well.7Youve made a mistakeyouve the letter “t”8It is obvious that lung diseases smoking.9We must set aside some money for a rainy day run out of our income immediately.10Because the writer fell ill ，the novel to be p
30、ublished by the end of next month was put off.完成句子11她在看电视时睡着了。She fell asleep .12我必须找个人说说心里话，不然，我会发疯的。I must bare my heart to someone，or I .13是你而不是我适合这项工作。You fit for the job.14你决不应该放弃。In no case .15光速比音速要快。The speed of light is faster .单项填空16When asked what they would volunteer to do， said they wer
31、e willing to do something they could.(2017南菁高级中学高一检测)Ahalf of these Bhalf of whichChalf of them Dhalf of whom17Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head，but I tried to the pain，believing that it would go away sooner or later.(2014浙江，7)Ashare BrealizeCignore Dcause18When Madam Curie did the experime
32、nt again，she was more careful she had failed.(2017徐州一中高一阶段检测)Awhen Bin caseCif Dwhere19Anything else please?I have a message needing to be confirmed， that will probably change my life.(2016扬州中学高一期中)Athat BoneCit Dthis20Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and to ruins，the city took on a
33、 new look.Areducing Bbeing reducedCreduced Dhaving reduced语法感知用适当的连接词填空1I dont know Mr Black put his bag the day before yesterday.2 he has won the prize is true.3 she was really interested in was playing computer games.4Word came the winner of the games would get 10,000 dollars.5Would you please tel
34、l us Todd was absent?语法精析名词性从句在句子中起名词的作用，可作句子的主语、表语、宾语和同位语，分别称作：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。学习名词性从句应注意其引导词的用法与区别以及名词性从句与其他从句的区别等。一、名词性从句的引导词分类 词形 词义 作从句的成分that从属连词whether/if 是否who(ever) (无论 )谁主格 主语、宾语whom(ever) (无论 )谁宾格 宾语whose 谁的 所有格 定语which(ever) (无论)哪一个(些)主语、宾语、表语、定语连接代词what(ever) (无论)什么，东 主语、宾语、西 表语、定语
35、when 什么时间 时间状语where 什么地方 地点状语how 怎样，如何 方式状语连接副词why 为什么 原因状语1.主语从句在复合句中作主语的从句叫主语从句。That the football match will be put off is certain now.足球赛将会推迟一事现在已经确定。Whoever breaks this law deserves a fine.违反该法者应予以罚款。注意：(1)主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式，但主语从句的主语只限定从句中的谓语动词，与主句的谓语动词无关。(2)有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用形式主语 it 代替主语从句，而把主语从句置于句末
36、。It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.英语作为一门国际语言正日益为人们所接受，这是不争的事实。It is unknown to us all where life developed.我们不知道生命起源于何处。2宾语从句在复合句中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫宾语从句。I believe (that) the Chinese Womens Volleyball Team will win in the World Cup this year.我相信中国女子排球队将赢得今年的世界杯。I won
37、der when he will come to school.我想知道他什么时候来学校。I dont know if/whether he has ever been to Paris.我不知道他是否去过巴黎。3表语从句在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的连接词与引导主语从句和宾语从句的连接词大体相同，有时也用 as if 引导；表语从句位于系动词之后。The problem is who can get there to take the place of Ben.问题是谁能到那儿接替本的位置。It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来像是要下
38、雨了。4同位语从句在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句叫同位语从句。同位语从句用来对其前面的名词的具体内容进行解释说明。同位语从句一般跟在下列名词后：belief，doubt，fact，hope ，idea，message，news ，promise，suggestion，report ，thought 等。The fact that his suggestion makes sense should be recognized.他的建议是有意义的，这一事实需要得到认可。二、that 引导的名词性从句1当名词性从句是陈述句时，用 that 引导。2介词 in 和 except 后接由 that 引
39、导的宾语从句时，that 不能省略。3当 that 引导主语从句时，that 不能省略。通常用 it 作形式主语。It is necessary and important that one should master the skills of operating computers in order to meet the need of a job.为了工作的需要，每个人都应该掌握电脑操作技巧是很有必要并且是很重要的。4that 引导宾语从句时，在非正式英语中，that 通常省略。注意：that 引导名词性从句时不省略的几种常见情况：(1)当一个动词带有两个或两个以上并列的 that 引
40、导的宾语从句时，第一个 that 可以省略，其余的 that 不可省略。He told me (that) his father had died and that he had to make a living alone.他告诉我他的父亲去世了，他不得不独自谋生。(2)当宾语从句有 it 作形式宾语时。Have you made it clear that the form is to be handed in by Friday?星期五之前这表格应该上交，你讲清楚这一点了吗？(3)当主句谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语时。When Marx got to England，he found，
41、however，that his English was so limited that he couldnt go on with his common affairs.然而，当 Marx 到达英国后，他发现他的英语很有限以至于不能处理日常事务。三、whether 或 if 引导名词性从句时，只用 whether 不用 if 的几种情况1引导主语从句位于句首时。Whether they will sell the house is not decided yet.他们还没有决定是否卖掉这所房子。2引导表语从句或同位语从句时。The question is whether he should
42、do it.问题是他是否应该做那件事。There is some doubt whether John will quit his present job.对于约翰是否会辞去现在的工作还不确定。3作介词的宾语时。I havent settled the question of whether well invite him.我还没有解决我们是否邀请他的问题。4与 or not 紧连时。I dont know whether or not he finally found his missing watch.我不知道他最后是否找到了丢失的手表。5与不定式连用时。We had no idea wh
43、ether to go without Jane.我们不知道是不是不等简直接走。题组训练.用适当的连接词填空1It is obvious to the students they should get well prepared for their future.2It doesnt matter he is wrong or not.3The bus I took was broken on the way.This was I was late.4We have some doubt they can complete the task on time.5The question is i
44、t is worth doing.6The doctor couldnt answer the question the patient could survive that night.7Bob is a good student except he is a little careless.8My decision is all of us are to start at 7 oclock tomorrow morning.单项填空1 is certain，though，is that “the curse of the mummy” remains a riddle to this da
45、y.AWhat BAs CThat DIt2The news came my cousin was chosen chairmen of the Students Union.(2017灌云四队中学高一月考)Athat Bwhat Cwhether Dhow3Actually， works hard can be they want to be，whether it is a pilot，an engineer or a manager.(2017徐州一中高一阶段检测)Aanyone；whoeverBwhoever；anyoneCanyone ；no matter whatDwhoever；whatever4Our country gr
