1、基础知识提要,核心单词,根据提示写出英语单词或汉语意思.,1. _ n.传记 2. _ vt.放弃, 遗弃 3. _ n.受害人 4. _ (pl.)n.(评判的)标准 5. _ n.(长篇)小说家 6. _ v.t.保护；保存 7. _ v.目击 8. _ vi. 发生 9. _ vi.颤抖；发抖 10. _ n. 遗失；丢失 11. _ adj.令人敬畏的 12. _ v.i.& vt. 倒回 13. _ n. 建筑 14. _ adj.典型的 15. _ n.悲伤；难过 16. _ n.同情 17. _ adv.特别地；特定地 18. _ adj.真正的；原作的 19. _ n.纪念碑；
2、纪念堂,biography,abandon,victim,criteria.,novelist,preserve,witness,occur,tremble,particularly,loss,awesome,rewind,architecture,authentic,characteristic,monument,sorrow,sympathy,20. specific_ 21. significance_ 22. abnormal_ 23. vivid_ 24. hardship_ 25. violinist_ 26. origin_ 27. discourage_ 28. sufferi
3、ng_ 29. musical_ 30. admirable_,详备的；特定的,重要性；意义,反常的；不正常的,生动的；逼真的,艰苦；困苦,小提琴家,起源；开端；出身,使泄气；使灰心,痛苦；困难,音乐的,令人钦佩的；极佳的,31. tease_ 32. videophone_ 33. superb_ 34. severe_ 35. restriction_ 36. unbearable_ 37. stubborn_ 38. troublesome_ 39. straightforward_,嘲笑；取笑,可视电话,出色的；卓越的,苛刻的；严厉的,限制；约束,不能忍受的,倔强的；固执的,引起麻烦的
4、,易懂的；坦率的,词类转换,按要求写出下列单词的适当形式。,bear ( v.)_（adj.）不能忍受的 类似：admire ( v.) _ (adj.) 令人钦佩的 2. novel ( n.) _(n. )小说家 类似：violin（n.）_ （n.）小提琴家 3. significance (n.) _ (adj.) 重要的 类似：importance (n.) _(adj.) 重要的 4. trouble (v.)_ (adj.)令人烦恼的 类似：tire (v.) _(adj.)烦人的 5. preserve (v.) _(n.)保护 类似：starve (v.) _(n.)挨饿,b
5、earable,admirable,novelist,violinist,significant,important,troublesome,tiresome,preservation,starvation,6. abandon (v. ) _(n.)抛弃 类似：embarrass (v.) _(n.)难堪 7. discourage1(v.) _(adj.)气馁的 类似：interest (v.) _(adj.)感兴趣的 8. warm (adj.) _(n.)温暖 类似：true (adj.) _(n.)真理 9. deep (adj.) _(n.) 深 类似：wide (adj.) _(
6、n.) 宽 10. particular ( adj.) _(adv.) 特别 类似：precious (adj.) _(adv.)珍爱地,abandonment,embarrassment,discouraged,interested,warmth,truth,depth,width,particularly,preciously,1._（开车）把撞倒 2. _封闭 3. _与其不如 4. _用这样方法 5. _闯入，破门而入 6. _像, 例如. 7. _被困于，被挂住 8. _举起，举着 9. _（偶然）遇到，找到 10. _理解，想出 11. _代表，象征，主张，支持. 12. _忍受
7、，容忍 13. _在那时 14. _突然起来（尤指哭、笑、唱等） 15. _指向，指,重要词组,knock over,block out,more than,in this way,break into,such as,be /get caught in,hold up,come across,figure out,stand for,put up with,at that time,burst into,point to,16. leave an impression on_ 17. feel sorrow and deep sympathy_ 18. catch hold of_ 19.
8、come as no surprise_ 20. awaken ones soul_ 21. burst forth_ 22. refer to_ 23. regard as_ 24. in history_ 25. around the end of the first century AD_ 26. in their last hours of life_ 27. in the light of_ 28. in words/signs_ 29. in a flash_ 30. on ones side_,留下印象,感到悲痛和深切的同情,抓住,一点都不奇怪,唤醒灵魂,爆发,参阅,提及,认为,
9、历史上,大约公元一世纪末,在他们生命的最后一刻,按照，根据，当作,用语言/标志,马上，立刻,在一(旁)边,重要考点突破,核心单词,1. biography n. 传记 运用：用biography翻译下列句子。 (1)他刚写完自传。 She has just written _. (2)我在书店里买了本博斯韦尔写的约翰逊传。 I bought a copy of Boswells_ of Johnsonin the bookstore. 拓展: 写出适当的词。 (1)_ adj 传记的 (2)_ n 自传 (3) _ adj自传的,her autobiography,autobiography,
10、biographical,autobiography,autobiographical,2. abandoned adj.被遗弃的，放荡的 搭配：用适当的词(主要是介词)填空。 (1)abandon hope _doing sth 放弃做某事的希望 (2)abandon oneself_沉面于，放纵感情 (3)_ abandon放纵地，纵情 (4)abandon _ sth放弃做某事 (5)abandon the _ ship离弃将沉的船 运用：用abandon翻译下列句子。 (1)沉溺于玩电脑游戏，这使他妈妈很担扰。 He _ playing computer games,which mad
11、e his mother worried. (2)由于天气不好，比赛不得不终止。 The game had to _due to bad weather. (3)我们只好弃车，步行赶剩下的路。 We had to_ and walk the rest of the car.,of,to,with,doing,sinking,abandoned himself to,be abandoned,abandon the car,3. victim n.受害者，患者 拓展: 写出适当的词或用适当的词填空。 (1)_v. 使受害，使受苦 (2)_n. 受害，受苦 (3)fall a victim_成为牺
12、牲品 运用：完成句子。 (1)她是一场交通事故的受害者 She was the _ of a road accident. (2)他死于刺客的刀下。 He _ the dagger of an assassin.,victimize,victimization,to,victim,fell a victim to,4. witness v. 目击 n. 目击者 搭配：用适当的词(主要是介词)填空。 (1)in witness_ 作为的对质 (2) witness _an accident 事件的目击者 (3)give witness_ a law court 在法庭上作证 (4)call sb
13、_ witness 叫某人作证 运用：用witness翻译下列句子。 (1)警察在呼吁曾目睹这事故的司机协助。 Police are appealing to any driver who _ the accident (2)身体健康证明了这种方法是成功的。 His good health is _ the success of the treatment.,of,of,in,to,have witnessed,a witness to,5. occur (occurred, occurred) vi.发生(happen)，出现(exist, be found)， 被想起 提醒：是不及物动词，
14、不能带宾语，不能用于被动语态。 拓展: 写出适当的词或用适当的词填空。 (1)sth occurs _sb 某事被某人想起(come into ones mind) (2)it occurs to sb_ 某人想起 (3)it occurs to sb _ do sth 某人想起做某事 运用：用occur翻译下列句子 (1)这一地区经常发生地震。 _ frequently in this area. (2)这种植物不能在这里生存。Such plants dont_. (3)他突然想出了一个办法。Suddenly _ him. (4)我想到要去看看我的老师_to visit my teacher
15、. (5)我就要离开时，我想起来忘了带钥匙。 Just as I was leaving the house, _I had forgotten my keys.,to,that,to,Earthquakes occur,occur here,an idea occurred,It occurred to me,it occurred to me that,6. tease vt. 取笑，嘲弄(=make fun of) 拓展:写出适当的词或用适当的词填空。 (1)_ n. 难以解决的问题 (2)_adv. 嘲笑地，嘲讽地 (3) tease sb. _ sth.就某事取笑某人 (4) _a
16、teasing way以嘲笑的口吻 运用：用tease翻译下列句子。 (1)别的男孩子常拿他的口音取笑他。 The other boys used to_ his accent. (2)他以嘲笑的口吻对我说了这个消息。 He told me the news _.,teaser,teasingly,about,in,tease him about,in a teasing way,7. significance n. 意义，意思(meaning)，重要性 (importance) 拓展: 写出适当的词或用适当的词填空。 (1)_ adj.有意义的，重要的，意味深长的 (2)_ adv.意味深长
17、地，大大地，可观地 (3)_ vt.意思，意指，有重要性的 (4)a matter of great /little /no_非常/没什么/毫不重要的问题 运用：用significance的适当形式完成下列句子。 (1)这个符号是什么意识？ What is the _of this symbol? (2)他们改变了计划十分奇怪，我觉得没有什么用意。 Their change of plan is strange but I dont think it is _. (3)利润已大提高了。Profits have risen_.,significant,significantly,signify,
18、significance,significance,significant,significantly,8. scene n. 景色，风景；(影、剧、小说)场，背景，镜头；(出事)地点，现场，场面 理解：指出下列各句中scene的意思。 (1)Words cannot describe the beauty of the scene. (2)The scene of the film is set in Paris in the 1920s. (3)A crowd gathered at the scene of the accident. 辨析：scene, scenery, sight,
19、view表示“风色” (1)scenery 指一个地区的山水风光或自然风景，着重美，不可数名词。 (2)view 是scenery的一部分，即从某处看到的东西或自然美景，可数名词。用of短语表示所看到的东西或景色，用from短语表示从某处看。,景色,句意：语言难以描述那景色之美丽。,背景,句意：这部电影以20世纪20年代的巴黎为背景。,出事地点,句意：出事地点聚集了一群人。,(3)scene 与view相当，只是scene(场面)多半包括人和动作在内；指具体场面所表示的“一处风光，一幕景色”，不分乡间或城市、室内或室外，动态或静态，好看或难看，可数名词。 (4)sight可数名词，指值得看的“
20、奇观”；或指某处或某地令人有趣的名胜、建筑物(常说the sights)。 运用：用上述表示风景的词填空。 (1)The cave is a very nice _in that place.那个洞是该地一处很美丽的风景。 (2)From the top of the hill you have a nice _ of the whole city. (3)Well take you to see the _ when youre in Beijing. (4)The _ in the mountains is very beautiful.,sight,view,sights,scenery
21、,9. present vt. 赠予，造成，提交 n. 目前，现在，礼物 adj. 出席的，在场的，现在的 理解：指出下列句中present的词性和词义。 (1)Ive got a little present for your birthday.(2)Im not at all satisfied with the present situation.(3)His words moved everyone present. (4)When she left the company, the director presented her with a set of golf clubs.(5)
22、Falling interest rates present the firm with a new problem.,句意为：我有一件小礼物送给你过生日。,“礼物”,“目前的”,句意为：我对目前的情况一点都不满意。,“在场的”,句意为：他的话感动了所有在场的人。,“赠给”,句意为：她离开这家公司时，董事赠给她一套高尔夫球杆。,“向显示，给造成”。,句意为：降息给公司带来了一个新的问题。,拓展: 写出适当的单词或用适当的介词填空。 (1)_ n.出席，在场(与absence反义) (2) _ present (adj.)的反义词 (3) _adv. 不久，马上(=soon) (4)presen
23、t sb. _ sth. = present sth. to sb.向某人赠送某物 (5) _present 现在，目前 (6) _the present暂时，就目前来说 (7) _the presence of sb. = in sb.s presence 有某人在场,presence,absent,presently,with,at,for,in,block out 遮住(stop light reaching a place)画的草图 That wall blocks out all the light那堵墙把光线都遮住了。 I have blocked out/in a rough p
24、lan of the campus.我我已画出了该大 学的草图。 拓展:完成下列短语： (1)block sth _ (用障碍物)隔开，封锁 (2)block sth _画的草图 (3)block sth _ 塞住，堵住 运用：用out, off, up填空。 (1)A piece of rock had fallen and blocked_ the path. (2)The police have blocked_ the road where the bomb was found. (3)That piece of cloth has blocked_ my sight of you.,
25、重要词组,off,in/out,up,up,off,out,2. in this/that way 用这/那种方法，这样，那样 提示：in有时也被省略。 理解：理解下列各句的意思。 (1)In this way, he has begun his own private telephone service. (2)I cant bear you shouting in that way. (3)You oughtnt to go on living this way. 拓展:根据汉语意思，填入适当的词。 (1)in the _ way 以相同的方式，同样 (2)in _ friendly wa
26、y以友好的方式，友好地,就这样，他开始了自己的私人电话业务。,我不能忍受你那样大声嚷嚷。,你不应该再这样生活下去了。,same,a,3. break into 闯入(enter by force)，打断，突然起来(begin suddenly) 理解：理解下列各句的意思。 (1)The thieves broke into the office and stole some money.(2)People broke into cheers at once when they heard the good news.(3)It is impolite to break into others
27、talk. 拓展:填入适当的介词或副词填空。 (1)break _ pieces碎成碎片 (2)break _song /laughter突然唱起歌来/笑起来 (3)break_(战争等灾难)爆发 (4)break_插嘴，闯入 (5)break_碎裂，结束，解散，(学校)放假 (6)break_失败，(机器)坏了，分解，分类 (7)break away_ (从)逃脱，摆脱，脱离(组织、团体等),小偷闯入办公室，偷了一些钱。,喜讯传来，人们顿时欢呼起来。,打断别人的谈话是不礼貌的。,into,into,out,in,up,down,from,运用：用break短语的适当形式填空。 (1)The
28、car windows _pieces when the two cars crashed into each other. (2)The crowd started to _when the night fell. (3)World War II _ in 1939. (4)The car must _just when we were about to stat off. (5)Burglars had _while we were away on holiday.,broke into,break up,broke out,break down,broken in,4. be /get
29、caught in被挂住，被困于，遇上(风、雨、交通堵塞等) 运用:翻译下列句子。 (1)淋到了一场雨，他全身都湿了。 _ (2)风筝被树钩住了。 _ (3)我在来这里的路上遇上了交通阻塞。 _ 拓展:默写be/get +pp.的常用短语： (1)be _in thought陷入沉思 (2)be _in blue穿着蓝色衣服 (3)be _in a book埋头于看书 (4)be _in ones work聚精会神地工作,Caught in a rain, he was wet all over,The kite (got) caught in the tree.,I was caught i
30、n a traffic jam on my way here.,lost,dressed,buried,absorbed,5. hold up举起，推举，支撑，扶着，阻碍，拦截，抢劫 理解:请指出下列句中hold up的含义。 (1)The pupil helped up his hand to ask the teacher a question.(2)The chair was too weak to hold up Mrs. Smith.(3)The traffic was held up by an accident.(4)Masked men(蒙面人) helps up the ba
31、nk.(5)Dont hold me up as a model husband.,举起,支撑，承受的重量,阻碍，耽搁(常用被动语态),抢劫,推举,6. figure out 理解，想出，算出 运用：用figure out 翻译下列句子： (1)他说话这样奇怪，我不明白他在说什么。 He spoke in such a strange way that I couldnt _. (2)我想不出他是谁。 I couldnt _. (3)你算出假期花多少钱？ _ how much the holiday will cost? 联想：请尽可能多地写出“动词+out”短语。 break out 爆发
32、carry out 执行 fill out 填写 give out 用光，分发 keep out不让进来 look out注意 make out 弄清楚 pick out辨认出，选出 point out指出 set out 动身 sort out 整理好 turn out结果（是）,figure out what he was saying,figure out who he was,Have you figured out,7. put up with 忍受，容忍 运用：英汉互译。 (1)She could hardly put up with that fellow any longer.
33、 _ (2)恐怕你得容忍他的坏脾气(temper)。 _ 拓展:用“动词+up with”短语完成下列各句。 (1)He runs so fast that no one can _him. (赶上，跟上) (2)Anyone who swims in the river could_ a nasty stomach upset. (以而告终) He first _ the good idea of going to visit a factory. (提出，想到),她再也不能忍受那家伙。,Im afraid youll have to put up with his bad temper.,
34、catch/keep up with,end up with,came up with,8. count on /upon依靠，指望(depend on, expect) 提示：后面可接名词、代词、动名词，或者不定式的复合结构。 运用：根据汉语意思，完成下列英文句子。 (1)你依靠Tom的帮助可能做得更好。 You can _Tom _ you to do it better. (2)别指望今年能出国，我们可能钱不够。 Dont _abroad this year; we may not have enough money. 拓展:用适当的介词/副词词填空。 (1)count_！（口令）报数
35、(2)count_ 点清，把不计在内。 (3)count _把计算在内 (4)count_ 倒数,count on,to help,count on going,off,out,in,down,9. burst into 突然起来(尤指哭、笑、唱等) 说明：burst into通常接名词，而burst out通常接doing。如： (1)burst into tears =burst out crying突然哭起来(2)burst into laughter =burst out laughing突然笑起来(3)burst into song =burst out singing 突然唱起来运
36、用：翻译下列句子。 当我说这笑话时每个人都忍不住笑出来。 When I told the joke_,crying,laughing,singing,everyone burst into laughter,10. point to (用手指或尖物)指向，显示，表明 理解：指出句中point to的意义。 (1)She pointed to the house on the corner and said, “Thats where I live.”(2)All the facts point to the same conclusion.(3)The hands of the clock n
37、ow pointed to half past three.辨析：point to与point at表示“指向，指着时”一般可互换，区别在于： (1)point to着重于指方向，表明想要指明的那个地点的确切位置，意为“指向”；而point at 强调用物体的尖端对准某人或某物，着重于指的对象，意为“指着”。 (2) point to多指较远的事物，而point at多指较近的事物。 (3)事物名词作主语时，用point to更常见。 (4)表示“把对准或瞄准”只能用pointat。 (5)表示“表明，显示”时只能用point to/towards。,指着。句意：他指着拐角处的房子说，“那就住
38、在那里。”,显示，说明。句意：所有事实都说明同样的结论。,指向。这时时针指向三点半。,请用to或at填空。 (1)The house points _ the south. (2)Thats my mother, she said, pointing _a photo on the wall. (3)All the evidence pointed _ Blake as the murderer. (4)They pointed their guns_ her head but she was not afraid. 拓展:用适当的介词或副词填空。 (1)_ the point扼要，说到点子上
39、，扣题 (2) (be) _the point of doing sth.正要做某事的时候 (3)point _ (to sb.) 指给(某人看)，(向某人)指出,to,at,to/towards,at,to,on,out,1. However, much more than buildings and objects, it is the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster that have made the city a monument to human history. 但是，与城里的建筑及物品相比，那些在那场灾难中
40、遇难的人的轮廓像则更使这个城市成为人类历史上的一座纪念碑。 结构分析:本句中含一个强调结构，其中有一个定语从句修饰the people，另外，比较对象被置于句首了。正常语序应为However, the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster have made the city a monument to human history much more than buildings and objects. 学以致用：用强调句型，且含一个定语从句翻译下列句子。 (1)昨天晚上闯入我家偷钱的人被警察带走了。 _ _ (2)那些能够容
41、忍我们的不良行为的老师赢得了我们的尊敬。 _,高级句型,It was the person who broke into my house and stole money last night that was taken away by the police.,It is the teachers who can put up with our bad behaviorthat have won our respect.,2. Another man, lying on his side, looks as if he is trying to get up.躺在他旁边的另外一个人看上去好像是在试图站立起来。 结构分析:这是一个复合句，as if 引导了表语从句，其中lying on his side为现在分词短语作定语。 学以致用：翻译下列句子，每个句子中必须包括as if和现在分词短语。 (1)站在那建筑物前面的那个年青人看样子好像是个艺术家。(2)坐在你旁边的那个妇女启开双唇似乎要对你说什么。,
