1、 阅读理解A(2018成都高三诊断)Flaubert had it that “one way of tolerating existence is to lose oneself in literature as in an unending party”. It turns out that reading doesnt only help us to tolerate existence, but actually lengthens it.A recent study by Yale University researchers, published online in the jou
2、rnal Social Science & Medicine, concluded that “book readers experienced a 20 percent reduction in the risk of death over the 12 years of followup compared to nonreaders”The data was obtained from the study sponsored by the National Institute on Aging. The study looked at 3，635 subjects, all older t
3、han 50, whom the researchers divided into three groups：those who didnt read books, those who read up to 3.5 hours a week and those who read more than 3.5 hours a week.The findings were remarkable：on average, book readers survived almost two years longer than those who didnt crack open a book. The mo
4、re the subjects read, the longer they lived, but as little as 30 minutes a day was still beneficial in terms of survival.Accounting for factors such as education level, income and health status, the study found that those who read more than 3.5 hours weekly were 23 percent less likely to die during
5、that 12year period. Those who read up to 3.5 hoursan average of a half hour a daywere 17 percent less likely.“In other words, just like a healthy diet and exercise, books appear to promote a significant survival advantage， ” the authors concluded.Why or how thats_the_case remains unclear；the researc
6、h showed only an association between book reading and longevity, not a causal relationship. But the findings are not so surprising. Other recent research showed that reading novels appears to increase both brain connectivity and sympathy.【解题导语】 研究发现，阅读和长寿有一定的联系，阅读者的平均寿命比不读书的人长将近两岁。1Why does the auth
7、or mention Flauberts words in the first paragraph?ATo stress the value of reading.BTo compare reading with a party.CTo introduce the study on reading.DTo support the findings of the study.C 解析：推理判断题。文章第一段引用 Flaubert 的名言说明读书的作用，接着第二段介绍了耶鲁大学关于读书与死亡风险之间关系的研究。据此可以判断，引用 Flaubert 的名言旨在介绍对阅读的作用的研究，故 C 项正确。
8、2From the text, what can we learn about the study?ANo similar study on reading has been carried out.BThe process of the study lasted more than ten years.CIt shows readers live two years longer than nonreaders.DIt shows time spent on reading increases ones love for it.B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“book readers.
9、 to nonreaders”可知，在 12年的跟踪调查中发现，与不读书的人相比，阅读者的死亡风险降低了 20%。据此可知，该项调查持续了十多年，故 B 项正确。3What do the underlined words “thats the case” probably mean?AReading books enables people to live longer.BReading is similar to a healthy diet and exercise.CReading books is closely associated with longevity.DReading i
10、ncreases brain connectivity and sympathy.A 解析：词义猜测题。根据上文中的 “books appear to promote a significant survival advantage”及上文所述的研究结论“读书可以延长寿命”和该句“Why or how thats_the_case . not a causal relationship.”可知，阅读为什么以及以什么方式延长读者寿命，人们仍然不清楚。据此可知，画线词指代研究表明的“读书可以延长寿命” ，故 A 项正确。4Where can we most probably read this t
11、ext?Ahttps ：/www.theguardian .com/lifeandstyle/family.Bhttps：/ soon.Chttps：/ ws/toyourhealth.Dhttp：/www.thebookbag.co.uk/ BookRecommendations.C 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要说明了阅读和长寿有一定的联系，阅读者的平均寿命比不读书的人长将近两岁，阅读能增强大脑的功能。据此可以判断，本文属于健康话题，因此最可能摘自健康网站，故 C 项正确。B(2018河南实验中学模拟)The police in Taiwan are unable to judg
12、e whether to treat it as an extremely clever act of stealing or an even cleverer cheat. Either way, it could be the perfect crime, because the criminals are birdshoming pigeons!The crime begins with a telephone message to the owner of a stolen car: If you want the car back, pay up. Then, the car own
13、er is directed to a park, told where to find a bird cage and how to attach money to the neck of the pigeon inside. Carrying the money in a tiny bag, the pigeon flies off.There have been at least four such pigeon pickups in Changwa. What at first seemed like the work of a clever stayathome car thief,
14、 however, may in fact be the work of an even lazier and more inventive criminal mindone that avoids not only collecting money but also going out to steal the car in the first place. Police officer Chen says that the criminal probably has pulled a double trick: He gets money for things he cannot poss
15、ibly return. Instead of stealing cars, he lets someone else do it and then waits for the carowner to place an ad in the newspaper asking for help.The theory is supported by the fact that, so far, none of the stolen cars have been returned. Also, the amount of money demandedunder 3，000 Taiwan dollars
16、seems too little for a car worth many times more.Demands for pigeondelivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story. And even if they start again, Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal. “We have more important things to do， ” he said.【解题导语】 本文介绍了一种新型的犯罪行为。台湾的警察无法断定这到底是聪明的盗窃行
17、为还是更加聪明的诈骗行为，因为罪犯是信鸽。5After the car owner received a phone call, he_Awent to a certain pigeon and put some money in the bag it carriedBgave the money to the thief and had his car back in a parkCsent some money to the thief by mailDtold the press about itA 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “Then, the car owner is dir
18、ected to a park, told where to find a bird cage and how to attach money to the neck of the pigeon inside.”可知，车主接到电话后，他会被指示去某个公园找到鸟笼，把钱系到鸟笼内鸽子的脖子上。故选 A 项。6The writer mentions the fact that “none of the stolen cars have been returned” to show_Ahow easily people get fooled by criminalsBwhat Chen thinks
19、 might be correctCthe thief is extremely cleverDthe money paid is too littleB 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“He gets money for things he cannot possibly return.”可知，警察认为那些丢车的人根本不可能拿回他的车。故选 B 项。7The underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refers to_Acriminals BpigeonsCthe stolen cars Ddemands for moneyD 解析：词
20、义猜测题。上文提到一旦报纸报道了这件事，这样的事情就没有了。由此可知 they 就是指代上文提到的 Demands for pigeondelivered money。故选 D 项。8We may infer that the criminal knows how to reach the carowners because_Ahe reads the ads in the newspaperBhe lives in the same neighborhoodChe has seen the carowners in the parkDhe has trained the pigeons to
21、 follow themA 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句 “.waits for the carowner to place an ad in the newspaper asking for help.”可知，罪犯看了报纸上的广告然后找到丢车的人。故选 A 项。完形填空(2018甘肃诊断)As a child, Jane was fond of animals. As a consequence, when she was growing up, all she ever heard was as follows, “Jane, you should be a(n) _1_. Y
22、oure going to achieve great success in that field. Thats the very thing you should do in the future.” So when she got to the Ohio State University, she took biology, chemistry and some other _2_， studying hard to be a vet.Later on, she won a Rotary Ambassadorial Scholarship，which allowed her to spen
23、d her _3_ year studying abroad in Manchester, England. Away from the family and the _4_ from them, she found herself one day sitting at her desk, surrounded by biology books and staring out of the window, when it suddenly hit her：“Im in total _5_. I dont want to be a vet！”_6_ she thought back over a
24、ll the things shed done in her life and what had made her happy. And then it hit herit was all of the youth leadership conferences that she had volunteered at _7_ the communications and leadership courses she had taken as selective courses back at Ohio State. “How could I have been so _8_？ Here I am
25、 in my fourth year at school and just finally _9_ that Im on the wrong path. I just never took the time to _10_ it until now， ” she thought._11_ by her new thought, Jane spent the rest of her year in England taking courses in communications and media studies. When _12_ to Ohio State, she was _13_ ab
26、le to convince the administration to let her create her own program in “leadership studies”， _14_ it took her 2 years longer to finally graduate. She _15_ to become a senior management adviser in leadership training and development for the Pentagon. She _16_ founded a drugprevention organization tha
27、t _17_ the message, “Lead your own life with the skill and the _18_ to say no.”So, never _19_ someone elses dreams. If you limit your _20_ only to what seems possible or reasonable, you disconnect yourself from what you truly want.【解题导语】 文章讲述了从小喜欢小动物的简，一开始由于受到外界的影响，把当一名兽医、关爱动物作为自己的理想，并在大学学习了相关专业。后来发
28、现，自己真正喜欢的是社交和管理专业，于是简作出了改变，最后取得了成就。1A.engineer BprogrammerCdoctor DvetD 解析：根据文章第一句提到的简小时候很喜欢动物，以及该段最后一句中的 vet 可知，简总是听人说她长大后应该成为一名兽医(vet)。故选 D 项。2A.subjects BobjectsCprojects DprogramsA 解析：根据设空前的 biology，chemistry 可知，此处指简在大学里学习生物、化学还有其他课程。subject 意为“课程” ；object 意为“物体” ；project 意为“工程” ；program意为“项目” 。
29、故选 A 项。3A.first BsecondCfinal DpastC 解析：根据第三段中的 fourth year 可知，简大学最后(final)一年在英国留学。故选C 项。4A.promise BstressCcomplaint DpressB 解析：由第一段可知，简在家里的时候，家人在她未来职业的选择上对她的干预比较大，而在英国学习期间，远离了家人，也就没有了来自家人的压力。promise 意为“许诺” ；stress 意为“压力” ；complaint 意为“抱怨” ；press 意为“按，压” 。故选 B 项。5A.vain BmiseryCdelight DsurpriseB 解
30、析：根据下文简所说的话 I dont want to be a vet！可知，简很痛苦。in misery 意为“痛苦地” ，符合语境。故选 B 项。in vain 意为“徒劳；无用” ；in delight 意为“高兴地”；in surprise 意为 “惊讶地” 。6A.Then BInsteadCPerhaps DSeldomA 解析：空后是说她开始回忆过去所做的事情和那些让她高兴的事情。回忆这些事情是发生在她发现自己不想做兽医之后，故选 A 项，意为 “然后” 。instead 意为“反而” ；perhaps 意为“或许；可能” ； seldom 意为“很少；不常” 。7A.but B
31、orCand DsoC 解析：根据语境，youth leadership conferences 和 communications and leadership courses 都是简喜欢的事情，它们之间为并列关系。故选 C 项。8A.disturbed BignorantCintelligent DluckyB 解析：根据语境，简喜欢的是社交和管理方面的课程，而不是兽医。这里表达的意思是“我怎么如此无知，大学四年级了才意识到选错了路( 专业) ”。ignorant 意为“无知的” ，符合语境。故选 B 项。 disturbed 意为“不安的；烦恼的” ；intelligent 意为“聪明的”
32、 ；lucky 意为“幸运的” 。9A.aware BunconsciousCafraid DsatisfiedA 解析：由语境可知，简想换专业，也就是说她意识到当初选错了路( 专业)。aware意为“意识到的” ；unconscious 意为“无意识的” ；afraid 意为“害怕的” ；satisfied 意为“满意的” 。故选 A 项。10A.complete BaccomplishCpermit DadmitD 解析：此处为 never/not.until 结构。句中 it 指的是上文所说的 “自己当初选错了专业” ，因此，此处指直到现在她才承认这一点。complete 意为“结束”
33、；accomplish 意为“完成；实现” ；permit 意为“允许” ；admit 意为“承认 ”。故选 D 项。11A.Inspired BDisappointedCEmbarrassed DConfusedA 解析：根据空后的 Jane spent the rest of her year in England taking courses in communications and media studies 可知，简受到新想法的激励，开始学习通信和传媒专业。inspire 意为“鼓舞；激励” ；disappoint 意为“使失望” ； embarrass 意为“使尴尬” ；conf
34、use意为“使困惑” 。故选 A 项。12A.relating BreturningCresponding DreferringB 解析：简本是在俄亥俄州大学学习，后获得奖学金去英国学习，此时指在英国学习结束后，简返回美国俄亥俄州。return to 意为“返回” ，符合语境。故选 B 项。relate to意为“与相关” ；respond to 意为“回应” ；refer to 意为“涉及” 。13A.eventually BespeciallyChardly DdesperatelyA 解析：简最终说服了学校的行政部门让自己创办自己的“领导课程” ，尽管这让她毕业的时间延迟了两年。even
35、tually 意为“最终” ；especially 意为“尤其，特别” ；hardly 意为“几乎不” ；desperately 意为 “绝望地，孤注一掷地” 。根据语境可知选 A 项。14A.if BasCalthough DdespiteC 解析：“说服行政部门让自己创办自己的课程 ”和“延迟毕业”两者之间是让步关系，故选 C 项。15A.managed BfailedCtried DattemptedA 解析：根据语境，简成为五角大楼领导力培训与发展的一名高级管理顾问。这里描述的是她的成功，所以选 managed，manage to do 意为 “成功做” 。fail 意为“失败；未能做
36、” ；try 意为“努力” ；attempt 意为“尝试” 。16A.still BneverCagain DalsoD 解析：她还创办了毒品预防组织，这是在成为高级顾问之后又一个成功之处。所以用 also，表递进。故选 D 项。17A.proves BconveysCconcludes DwarnsB 解析：prove 意为“证明” ；convey 意为“传递” ；conclude 意为“结束” ；warn 意为“警告” 。这里指的是传递一种信息，故选 B 项。18A.fact BchanceCwill DtruthC 解析：fact 意为“事实” ；chance 意为“机会” ；will
37、意为“意志；意愿” ；truth 意为“真理” 。由常识可知，在人生道路的选择过程中，抵御外界干扰需要的是“意志力” 。故选 C 项。19A.ignore BbreakCrealize DliveD 解析：此处提到的梦想就是第一段所说的周围的人根据简喜欢小动物给她描绘未来当兽医的理想。ignore 意为 “忽视” ；break 意为“打破 ”；realize 意为“实现” ；live ones dreams 意为“ 实践某人的梦想” 。故选 D 项。句意为：所以，决不能去实践别人的梦想。20A.smiles BchoicesCmistakes DreasonsB 解析：句意为：如果你把人生的选择仅局限在看似可能发生的和合理的事情上，那么你就会与你真正想成为的人失之交臂。smile 意为“ 微笑” ；choice 意为“选择” ；mistake 意为“ 错误” ；reason 意为“理由” 。故选 B 项。
