1、2023年牛津深圳版八年级上英语全册重要语法知识点Unit 1 Encyclopaedias1. Look it up! 查阅一下！ look up意为“查阅；查询”，强调在词典、参考书等工具书里查询。 We can look up new words in a dictionary. 我们可以在词典中查新单词。【拓展】 look up 仰视；向上看look 的相关短语：look around 向周围看 look out 向外看；当心 look like 看起来像 look the same 看起来相同 look forward to 盼望 look for 寻找look at 看着 look
2、 after 照顾；照料2. For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines. 例如，他的笔记本里包含一些飞行器的有趣图画。 ainclude 是及物动词，意为“包含，包括”拓展：including 是介词，意为“包括，包含在内”Ten members were present at the meeting, including the boss.包括老板在内的10个成员出席了会议。3. Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than sixty million
3、 years before human beings.恐龙在六百多万年前先于人类就生活在地球上了。 more than 多于, 不仅仅=overeg: More than forty countries came to Guangzhou to take part in the 2010 Asian Games.He is more than an artist; he is also a writer. hundred, thousand, million, billion的用法A. 跟具体数词连用时不可用复数形式 eg. two hundred/ five thousandB. hundr
4、eds / thousands of 表示一个约数概念，意为“数以百计、千计的”4. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. some.others.意思是一些,一些。eg: Usually in the park, some people are singing , others are running.拓展：如: The apples are delicious. Could you give me another one?He has two sons. One is a
5、 nurse, the other is a teacher.Some countries are in Asia, others are in AfricaSome students of Class 2 are in the classroom, the others are out. =the other students5. Dinosaurs all died out suddenly. 常见die的短语: die out: 灭绝；绝种 die of： 因而死。 一般用于害病，疲劳，寒冷，饥渴，年老，失望，悲伤等感情原因等造成死亡；die from: 因而死。常用于由于外部创伤或间接
6、的原因致死。die away: （声音、光线、风等）渐渐消失6.When I was young, I used to keep a notebook. “used to + 动词原形”意为“过去常常做某事”，并且暗含有“现在已不做”之意。拓展： 区分 be used to doing sth. 习惯做 be used to do sth. 被用来做6. Just remember to think and to dream. 记住要思考和梦想。 辨析： remember to do sth. 记得去做某事（此事还未做） remember doing sth. 记得已做过某事（此事已做完）拓展
7、：remember that+句子 eg. Remember that tomorrow is your mothers birthday.7. How long did dinosaurs live on Earth before they disappeared? 在恐龙消失之前，它们在地球上生活了多长时间？辨析：how far, how soon, how often 和 how long how far 询问的是距离多远；how soon 询问的是多久以后，多用in + 时间段 进行回答；how often 询问的是做某事的频率，多用sometimes, always等频率副词作答；h
8、ow long 询问的是多长时间，多用for + 时间段回答。它还可以用来提问物体的长度，意为“多长”。八上Unit 2 Numbers1. check v. 检查，核实E.g. Please check the answers . 请核对答案。相关短语：check in 登记，检票 check out办清手续后离开 check up 检验2. have problem (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难E.g. They have some problems in getting there on time. 他们准时到达那儿有些困难。3. one day 和 some day的区
9、别One day有一天；某一天；既可指“过去的某一天”，也可指“将来的某一天”。Some day 只表示“将来的某一天”E.g. I think my dream will come true one day/ some day. 我想我的梦想有一天会实现。One day, the old man was every ill. 4. challenge v. /n. 挑战challenge to 向某人挑战E.gMy father challenged me to table tennis game. 父亲向我挑战一场乒乓球比赛。5. promise v. / n. 承诺，许诺; 后面可接双宾
10、语或动词不定式作宾语。promise to do 承诺做E.g. She promised me the book. 她承诺给我这本书。6. if如果；引导条件状语从句，要遵循“主将从现”原则。即主句用一般将来时（或含有情态动词），if后面的从句要用一般现在时。E.g. If it rains, I wont go tomorrow. 7. would like to do= want to do 想做./ would like + 名词E.g. I would like some apples. 8. rest n. 剩余部分； the rest of “的剩余部分”E.g. Theyll
11、eat some of the bread and keep the rest for breakfast. the rest 作为代词用法时，若指代的名词是可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数；若指代的为不可数名词，谓语动词则用单数。E.g. Some members in our club would like to go swimming, the rest want to climb mountain. . n/ v.休息have a rest = take a break 休息9. instead 和 instead of instead 代替,而不是; 位于句首或句末instead of
12、代替，而不是；后接名词、代词或v-ingE.g. Ill stay at home and do my homework instead. Ill read newspapers instead of seeing a film. 10. enough adj. / adv. 足够的，充足的; 作为形容词时，后面可接可数名词复数/不可数名词，enough time/ money 作为副词时，放在形容词之后，strong enough 足够强壮adj. + enough + to do E.g. He is old enough to go to school. 11. advice n 建议
13、advice不可数名词【拓展：常见不可数名词information, weather, news】advise v. advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事E.g. . She advised us to wait for one more day. 12. agree同意 【反义：disagree】 agree with sb. 同意某人 agree to do sth. 同意做某事agree on sth. 在某事上意见达成一致13. not any more= no more 不再（表示数量或程度上不再）E.g. The girl didnt cry any more.
14、 = The girl no more cried.notany longer = no longer 不再（表示距离或时间上不再.）E.g. She doesnt live here any longer. = She no longer lives here. 14. both and 两者都，谓语动词用复数形式E.g. Both his father and his uncle are very tall.【拓展】not only A but also B意思是：不仅而且，either A or B意思是或者或者，neither A nor B意思是既不也不，这三组连词连接A 和B 做主
15、语成分时，谓语单复数由B决定，这叫就近原则。16. make / find / keep sb. + adj. E.g. The present made my cousin happy. I found the dog clever.17. 否定转移：当主句主语为第一人称，think ,believe等动词后面的从句为否定句时，要将否定词转移到主句中。翻译成汉语时，要注意将否定的意义还原到从句中去。E.g. I dont think that Jenny will come to the party. 我认为珍妮不会来参加这个聚会。I dont believe he is right. 我相
16、信他不对。18. in this way 用这种方法，这样E.g. We can do well in English in this way.【拓展】in the way挡道on ones way to在某人去的路上（当后面出现home, here , there这几个词时，to 省略）by the way 顺便问一下，顺便说一下八上Unit 31. Listen to a woman making a phone order. P33考点: 此句中的order的词性是名词， 意思是点餐，订购。考点：order 还可以做动词词性，常用的结构order sb to do sth 意为命令某人做
17、某事2. You never seem to be short of pocket money. （P33）考点1：seem 可以做动词, 意思是似乎，好像常见的用法有：1) seem+adj 如：Everything seems easy.2) Seem+n 如：He seems an honest man.3) ,seem+to do 如：It seems to rain.4) ,it seems +that+从句 如：It seems that he doesnt have many friends.考点2：be short of 的意思是缺乏3. In the 1940s, the f
18、irst computers were bigger than cars. P35考点1：in the 1940s 的意思是在20世纪40年代在英语中表示某个年代可以用 in+the+整十年份s/整十年份s4.In addition, computers can do important jobs like operating railways and flying planes and spaceships.考点：in addition 的意思是另外，是一个副词短语，通常用于句子的开头，后面用逗号与句子其他部分隔开拓展：in addition to是介词短语，意思是除之外，to 是介词(词性
19、)，后接名词、代词或动名词5.However, one day computers may be able to do a better job than human beings. P35辨析be able to与canbe able to指具有做某件事的能力可用于各种时态He will be able to fly to the moon.can泛指一般的能力只用于一般现在时和一般过去时Jack can play the piano.6. Some young people always need help from their parents. P36考点：need的用法用作实义动词作为
20、实义动词，need后面的宾语可以是名词、动名词、动词不定式或代词，这种情况下，need既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句和疑问句，构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do或does.(1)need sth.这是need最常见的用法之一，其后的宾语可以是名词，也可以是代词。(2)need doing 与 need to be doneneed后面可跟动名词作宾语，这种情况下应注意两点：.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义；.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如： (3)need to do sth. 作为实义动词，need后面需要接带to的动词不定式,表示有义务或责任去做
21、某事。7.We had fun and learnt something new as well.考点1：have fun的意思是玩的开心,其中fun的词性为名词考点2：as well在此句中的意思是也，通常用于句末，相当于too辨析位置例句as well肯定句句末He can swim as well.also肯定句句中He also wants to swim.too肯定句句末I am happy, too.either否定句句末He doesnt want to go, either.8.The red one costs 2,500, and its made of leather.
22、P39考点1: 英语中的表花费的四朵小金花Cost, pay, spend 和take 都表示_但它们的搭配各不相同：主语花费搭配1.sthcostSb. money2. sbpaymoney for sth。3. sb spendTime/money (in) doing sthTime/money on sth4. It/sth./doing sth.takeSb time to do sth.Sb time.考点2：辨析be made of/from/in/up of1) be made of表示由制成, 一般指能够看出原材料，或发生的是物理变化。 (2) be made from也表示
23、由制成，但一般指看不出原材料，或发生的是化学变化。 (3) be made in指的是产地，意思为于制造。 (4) be made up of“由组成” 八上Unit 41. They help people live a better life. （P51）help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事【拓展】help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 ask sb. do sth. 让某人做某事make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事【注意】help sb. do sth. /ask sb. do sth./ make sb.
24、 do sth./ let sb. do sth. 在主动句中用动词原形，但是在被动语态中必须加to do 形式。2.The following are three of the most important inventions in history.(P51)数词+of + 最高级+复数名词： 最怎么样的之一。【注意】 of 后面一定要加最高级和复数名词。3.Alexander Graham Bell invented one of the first practical telephones in 1876.(P51) 1)invent：动词，“发明”，表示发明了以前没有或者不存在的事物
25、。【拓展】invent ;discover; find; find out 的用法区别：discover：动词，“发现”，指发现已经存在但不为人知的事物，有时也指认识到某种情况。find：动词，“发现”，指通过寻找发现某人、某物。find out：“发现” 指揭露出隐藏的事物。2) practical ：形容词，“有用的，实用的”【拓展】practice: 名词，练习，习惯practise:动词， 练习，实践在美式英语中，practice也可作为动词用，= practise4.They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime,
26、 anywhere.(P51) 1) allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事。2) keep in touch with: 与.保持联系。【拓展】get in touch with: 和某人取得联系，强调动作，而keep in touch with强调状态。4.The first invention can keep the dust off your shoes.(P54)keep.off: 使.不接近，远离keep off the grass! 请勿践踏草坪！【拓展】易混淆词辨析：keep away from: 使离开，使远离，站开keep .out: 把.挡在外面5.t
27、he new cars made loud noises and frightened them. make noises “发出噪音，弄出声音” make （a）noise辨析 noise, voice 与soundnoise噪音，喧闹声指吵闹、喧哗声，往往是不和谐、不悦耳的声音voice噪音尤指人或动物特有的声音，如说话声、歌声、笑声等sound声音泛指自然界中的一切声音6.I suppose that people could only drive in the(4)daytime because those cars didnt have lights. suppose及物动词 “认为
28、，猜想，想象” 后接从句作宾语，常和“suppose +sb+（+to be）+形容词/名词”结构作同义句转换。suppose，think，believe等后跟宾语从句时，主句的主语是第一人称时，若变为否定句，必须否定前移，即把否定句转移到主句上来。 Do you suppose Yes, I suppose so / No, I suppose not 或 No, I dont suppose so. eg. I dont suppose he is thirty. - Do you suppose it is going to rain? -Yes, I suppose so / No,
29、I suppose not 或 No, I dont suppose so.拓展：be supposed to do “被要求做某事，应该做某事，被期望做某事”,相当于 should do sth 7. We make our voice rise at the end.辨析rise 与 raiserise不及物动词指自然地上升；表示（太阳、价格等）上升、（河水）上涨、起立、起床raise及物动词指人为地增加、上涨、升上去等；表示举手、升国旗、饲养抚育等意思8.it sometimes made a mess on the paper.辨析 sometimes, some times, som
30、etime, some timesometimes频度副词有时表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，它可位于句首句中或句末。对它提问常用 how oftensome times名词短语几次；几倍time 是不可数名词，对它提问常用how many times sometime副词某时表示某个不确切的时间，常与将来时或过去时连用。对它提问常用whensome time名词短语一段时间句中谓语动词常为延续性动词。对它提问用 how long口诀：分开为“一段”（some time），相连是“某时”（sometime）。分开s 是“倍，次”（some times），相连s是“有时”（somet
31、imes）八上Unit 51.I was very nervous at first, says Sarah. 萨拉说我起初很紧张。 at first“起初；起先”，它主要用于强调前后对照，暗示接下来的动作与前面的动作不同，甚至相反。反义短语：at last最终。2. However ,my host family are friendly .但是，我的寄宿家庭非常友好。friendly 比较级friendlier/more friendly ，最高级friendliest / most friendly.常构成短语be friendly to sb. 对某人友好； be friendly w
32、ith sb. 与某人友好相处。3. Ive learnt to use chopsticks , and theyre teaching me a little Chinese! a little 意思是“一点点，稍许”用来修饰不可数名词，表示数量，也可以修饰形容词和副词的原级或比较级，表示程度。辨析： a little , little , a few , fewa little 修饰不可数名词表示肯定，意为“不多的”little表示否定，意为“几乎没有”a few修饰复数可数名词表肯定，意为“几个，一些”few表否定，“不多的，少数的”4. Its been a fantastic ex
33、perience so far , says Eric.experience 此处作可数名词，意识是 “经历”，而这个单词在作 “经验”的意思时，为不可数名词。so far ,意思是“到目前为止”，多用于现在完成时。5. Ive learnt a bit of tai chi , and I really enjoy it. 我学了一点太极拳，并且我十分喜欢它。a bit of 一点，小量用于修饰不可数名词。例如：a bit of water a bit of milk a bit of money辨析：a bit of , a bit , a little a bit of一点修饰不可数名词
34、a bit 稍微，有点修饰形容词、副词的原级、比较级a little不多的既可以修饰不可数名词，也可以修饰形容词、副词的原级、比较级introduce sb. to sb.介绍某人给某人认识。如：6. Weve also tried to paint some pictures ourselves! 我们自己也试着画了一些中国画。try to do sth. 尽力做某事，其否定形式为try not to do sth. 尽力不要做某事辨析：try to do sth. 与try doing sth. try to do sth.尽力去做某事，不包含是否成功之意。try doing sth.（用
35、某一办法）试着去做某事。(1) success名词，“成功，胜利“【拓展】successful形容词，成功的 successfully 副词，成功地 succeed动词，成功 succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事(2) yet副词，“还，已经”，多用于现在完成时态的一般疑问句和否定句末尾，并可与not连用构成省略回答。（3） keep doing sth. 继续做某事相当于keep on doing sth.【拓展】keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事7. I plan to keep in touch with them when I return h
36、ome.plan此处用作动词，意为“计划” plan to do sth. 计划做某事plan还可作可数名词，意为“计划” make a plan / plans 制订计划8. Well see on another soon because theyll come over to the UK for the second part of the exchange next month.one another 相互，相当于each other【拓展】（1）another作代词，“（三者或以上）另一（事物或人）”，表泛指。I have eaten some apples. Could you
37、please give me another?(2) another作形容词，“又一的，再一的”，指三者或以上的人或物中除去已知部分，剩余部分中的某一个，不表特指，another one与one more 同义I dont like this sweater, please show me another one / one more.(3) 作形容词时，another既可修饰人也可修饰物，其后接单数名词或代词。 another 还可与基数词和复数名词连用，其结构another+数词(大于1)+复数名词= 数词（大于1）+ more+复数名词Id like another two hambur
38、gers. = Id like two more hamburgers.9. I cant wait.cant wait 迫不及待，其后接动词不定式 cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事cant help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事，忍不住做某事10. A person who is invited to stay at another persons home is a guest.invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事invite sb. to + 地点名词/活动邀请某人去某地/ 参加活动【拓展】invitation可数名词，“邀请，请
39、帖”11. Tomorrow Im going to take part in an exchange programme in London.take part in 参加，多指参加一些集会性活动，如会议、劳动等。辨析：take part in ,join , join intake part in多指参加群众性活动，具有暂时性特点。join指加入某党派、组织、军队或社会团体，并成为其中一员，其后也可以接人，意为“和某人一起做某事”join in指参加小规模的活动，如球赛，游戏，多用于日常口语。Join in doing sth 参加做某事。12.It tasted fantastic.ta
40、ste 此处用作连系动词，“尝起来，有.味道”，其后接形容词作表语，构成系表结构【拓展】taste 可用作可数名词，“味道，滋味”I dont like the taste of orange. 我不喜欢橘子的味道。13.His parents are proud of his success.be proud of 以.而骄傲，相当于take pride in14.Listen to the conversation between Mr. Liu and the students.between and 在和之间辨析：between , amongbetween用于指两者之间among用于
41、指三者或三者以上之间15. Arrive at the airport on time , please. 请按时到机场。on time 按时，准时辨析： on time ,in timeon time 按时，准时in time及时，常含有匆忙之意。八上Unit 61. Get some help and pull it into the city. 帮忙把它拖进城里。pull动词， “拖，拉”， pull . into. “把.拉入/拖入“pull out “把.从.拉出来”。 pull的反义词为push（推）2.Theysanganddancedaroundthehorse,andmade
42、jokesaboutthestupidGreeks.（1） makejokesabout sb./ sth. 拿某人/某物开玩笑haveajokewithsb.与某人一起说笑话playajokeonsb戏弄某人=makefunof=laughattelljokes讲笑话（2） Greekn希腊人adj希腊的Greece希腊3.By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse.(1) by此处作介词，表示时间，意为“不迟于，到.时（为止），在.之前”by通过+Ving Matchthemwiththecorrect
43、countriesbywritingthelettersinthebrackets.（2） empty此处作形容词，“空的”，反义词为full（满的）empty还可以作动词，意为“倒空，使成为空的”，反义词为full（填满）Lets empty the glass. 让我们干杯。（3）exceptfor除.之外，只是e.g.Theroomistidyexceptforthecarpet.除地毯外，房间很干净。【辨析】except;exceptfor;besidesexcept“除.之外”表示“例外、排除”，表示排除的是同类事物或行为。exceptfor“除.之外”，它后面的宾语一般为句子里所涉
44、及的内容并非同类事物或行为besides“除.之外还有”=inaddition4.ThehorsewasfullofGreeksoldiers!Theyquietlyclimbedoutofthehorseonebyone.（1）befullof=befilledwith（2） onebyone一个接着一个 stepbystep一步步5.Inonenight,theysucceededincapturingitthroughaclevertrick.（1） succeedindoingsth=dosthsuccessfully成功地做了某事（2）success不可数名词“成功成就”,可数名词“成功的人或事”（2） successfuladj成功的 asuccessfulteacher一个成功的老师6.Only a few people know about this information. 只有少数人知道关于这个信息的情况。only a few “只有几个”，修饰可数名词复数【拓展】not a few 相当多7.I want to join the army in the future. 将来我想参军。辨析： in the future与in futurein the future将来，未来表示将来较长的一段时间
