1、专题 11 完成句子、连词成句、单词拼写及翻译题及改错1.【 2018 年江苏省宿迁市】根据句意及所给中文提示、首字母或英文解释，写出句子所缺单词，每空限填一词。46. Although she is in her_(八十), Tu Youyou still keeps on doing research on medicine.47. Zhu Zhiwen won a talent show called The Sound because of his excellent _(嗓音)and wonderful acting skills.48. Before travelling, my
2、mother often _(准备)everything well.49. Neils coach gave him several suggestions to _(避免)getting lost.50. Natural resources are very important for us and we should use them _(明智地).51. According to a survey, the average number of _(日常的)steps of people across the world is 4,961.52. It was _(粗心的)of my li
3、ttle brother to leave the door open when he went to the cinema last night.53. As a wonderful volleyball p_, Zhu Ting is known to people all over the world.54. Its _(not interesting) for me to stay at home all day long.55. -Why are you in such a hurry, Cathy?-My dad and mum dont _(let someone do some
4、thing) me to stay out late.【答案】46. eighties 47. voice 48. prepares 49. avoid 50. wisely 51. daily 52. careless 53. player 54. boring 55. allow【解析】47. 句意：朱志文凭借其出色的嗓音和杰出的演技赢得了一场名为声音的才艺表演。excellent 优秀的/杰出的，形容词修饰名词；根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填 voice。48. 句意：在旅行之前，我母亲经常做好一切准备。often 经常，用于一般现在时。my mother 是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形
5、式；根据句意结构和汉语提示，可知填 prepares。49. 句意：尼尔的教练给了他几条建议以避免迷路。不定式短语 to avoid getting lost 作目的状语，根据句意结构和汉语提示，可知填 avoid。50. 句意：自然资源对我们非常重要，我们应该明智地使用它们。use 使用，动词需用副词修饰，根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填 wisely。53. 句意：作为一名出色的排球运动员，朱婷为全世界的人所熟知。wonderful 出色的，形容词修饰名词；volleyball player 排球运动员，根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填 player 。54. 句意：整天呆在家里对我来说太无
6、聊了。It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事，是固定句式；本句缺表语形容词，根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填 boring。55. 句意：你为什么这么匆忙，凯西？我爸爸妈妈不允许我在外面呆到很晚。dont 表否定，助词后接原形动词；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填 allow。点睛：单词拼写题，要求根据句意及汉语或首字母提示用单词的正确形式填空，主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句
7、子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。2.【2018 年江苏省宿迁市】根据句意或句子的语法要求，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。56. -Can I help you, sir?-A box of _(tomato), please.57. I _(not finish) my homework yet. I am afraid I cant go to the park with you.58. Our earth is becoming more and more _(pollute) because of the rapid increase in population.59. Qian
8、Xuesen _(consider) as “Father of Missile(导弹)in China”.60. Look! Your room is really _(tidy). You should learn to be organized.61. Miss White often has us _(tell) interesting stories in her English class.62. Deep in his heart, Nelson Mandela wantea to help the black people to live _(free).63. At pres
9、ent there are many online courses and we can choose some to study by _(we).64. Squirrels always like saving some food before winter comes. But they forget where _(find) it from time to time.65. Besides is beautiful forests and sunny beaches, Hainan Province has a lot more for you to explore. It is w
10、ell worth _(visit).【答案】56. tomatoes 57. havent finished 58. polluted 59. is considered 60. untidy 61. tell 62. freely 63. ourselves 64. to find 65. visiting【解析】58. 句意：由于人口的迅速增长，我们的地球受到越来越严重的污染。earth 是动词 pollute 的受动者，需用被动语态；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填 polluted。59. 句意：钱学森被誉为“中国导弹之父”。Qian Xuesen 是动词 consider 的受动者，
11、需用被动语态；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填 is considered。60. 句意：看！你的房间真的很乱。你应该学会整理他们。本句缺表语形容词，really 真地，副词修饰形容词；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填 untidy。61. 句意：怀特老师经常让我们在她的英语课上讲有趣的故事。have+宾语+动词原形（作宾语补足语），表示叫（使、让）某人做某事，其中的 have 是使役动词；而 have+宾语+现在分词（作宾语补足语）则表示使（让）某人或某物一直不停地做某事。根据句意语境和英文提示，可知用省略 to 的动词不定式结构，故填 tell。64. 句意：松鼠总是喜欢在冬天来临之前保存一些
12、食物。但是他们忘记了在哪里可以找到它。本句是宾语从句，where+动词不定式结构，是 where 引导的宾语从句的简略形式；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填to find。65. 句意：它很值得参观。be worth doing 值得做某事，固定短语；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填visiting。点睛：用所给单词的正确形式填空，主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。3.【2018 年江苏省
13、宿迁市】根据所给汉语完成下列句子，每空词数不限。66. 像往常一样，迈克是步行上学的。_, Mike went to school on foot.67. 历史上的第一个风筝是用木头做的。The first kite_ wood in history.68. 在公共场合，插队是不礼貌的。Its impolite to _ before others in public.69. 你最好不要熬夜，熬夜有害健康。You _ stay up late. Its harmful to your health.70. 每年，成千上万的人聚焦在纽约时代广场庆祝新年的到来。Every year in New
14、York, _ People gather on Times Square to celebrate the arrival of the new year.【答案】66. As usual 67. was made of 68. push in 69. had better not 70. thousands of【解析】68. 插队 push in。It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事，是固定句式；根据句意结构和中英文提示，可知填 push in。69. 最好 had better，后接原形动词，否定式在后面加 not。根据句意结构和中英文提
15、示，可知填 had better not。70. 成千上万的 thousands of。根据句意结构和中英文提示，可知填 thousands of。4.【2018 年内蒙古包头市中考】用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。(每空仅限 1 个单词)46. Before reaching an _, they had a heated discussion. (agree)47. - I am _ sorry. I broke your camera by accident. (awful)- Never mind. I m sure you didnt do it on purpose and
16、 it cant be helped.48. Her father _ her off at the school gate and then drove to work. (drop)49. Because of the bad weather, there was a _ change of our plan. (sudden)50. Mark was the only student that was _ to attend the meeting. (choose)51. - Perhaps one day I may go on a _ holiday. (relax)- Yeah,
17、 dream on!52. This shirt is a little expensive. Can you show me a _ one? (cheap)53. Good luck is when a chance comes and youre _ for it (prepare)54. - Can you tell me the way to the Central Hospital?- Sorry. I myself am a _ to this city. (strange)55. Theyve been friends for many years and they both
18、_ their friendship very much. (value)【答案】46. agreement 47. awfully 48. dropped 49. sudden 50. chosen 51. relaxing 52. cheaper 53. prepared 54. stranger 55. value【解析】48. 句意：她父亲把她送到学校大门口，然后开车去上班。由题干可知本题考查固定词组 drop off让下车，根据后面的 drove 可知时态用一般过去时，drop 的过去式为 dropped，故答案填 dropped。49. 句意：由于天气不好，我们的计划突然改变了。由
19、题干可知此处应填一个形容词形式修饰后面的名词change，sudden 形容词“突然的”，故答案填 sudden。50. 句意：马克是唯一被选中参加会议的学生。由句意可知此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为was/were+动词过去分词；提示词 choose 的过去分词是 chosen，故答案填 chosen。51. 句意：也许有一天我会去度一个轻松的假期。是的，梦想！由题干可知此处应填一个形容词形式修饰后面的名词 holiday ，relax 是动词，与其对应的形容词为 relaxing，故答案填 relaxing。52. 句意：这件衬衫有点贵，你能给我看看便宜一点的吗？根据前面的 a l
20、ittle expensive，可知此处应是要便宜一点的，所以其中暗含比较的意思，要用形容词的比较级形式，cheap 的比较级是 cheaper，故答案填 cheaper。53. 句意：好运就是当机会来临时，你做好了准备。由前面的系动词 are 可知此处应填形容词形式作表语，prepare 动词，“准备”，与其对应的形容词为 prepared，故答案填 prepared。54. 句意：你能告诉我去中央医院的路吗？对不起，我本人对这个城市并不熟悉。由前面的不定冠词 a 可知此处应填一个名词形式，strange 是形容词，其后直接加“r”可以构成名词 stranger“陌生人”，故答案填 stra
21、nger。点睛：做这类题型，首先要粗读每个句子，看每个句子是什么意思。然后看所要填写的内容在句子中做什么成分，需要什么词性；最后按照所给出的单词提示，结合相关的语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。如，第 1 小题，由前面的不定冠词 an 可知此处应填一个名词形式，与 agree 对应的名词形式为agreement，故答案填 agreement。第 6 小题，根据题干可知此处应填一个形容词形式修饰后面的名词holiday ，relax 是动词，与其对应的形容词为 relaxing，故答案填 relaxing。5.【2018 年山东济宁地区中考】根据句意完成已给出首字母或汉语提示的单词，使补全后
22、的句子意思通，语法正确。16. In the north of China, leaves usually fall down when a_ comes.17. A p_ at a school is a place for students to play and do sports.18. In China more and more people r_ shared bikes to and from work.19. Dont worry about the children. They are old enough to look after t_.20. People often
23、 fly kites on sunny and _（多风）days21. Its a good habit to brush your_（牙齿） after a meal.22. The stamp I bought yesterday_（花费）me 20 yan.23. When we left, the kids said goodbye to us_（礼貌）.【答案】16. autumn 17. playground 18. ride 19. themselves 20. windy 21. teeth 22. cost 23. politely【解析】16. 句意：在中国北方，叶子通常
24、会在秋天来临时掉下来。大树落叶通常是发生在秋天的时候，故这里填季节“秋天，即”“autumn”。17. 句意：学校的操场是学生玩耍和做运动的地方。通过后句的描述知道这是一个学校里可以用来玩耍和运动的地方，结合首字母，得出是“操场”（playground）。18. 句意：在中国，越来越多的人骑共享自行车上下班。“ride bikes”为“骑自行车”，这里是“ride shared bikes”（骑共享单车），表示的是一种常态，使用一般现在时即可，故填“ride”。19. 句意：别担心孩子。他们年龄已经足够大，能够照顾他们自己了。“look after sb”是“照看某人”，这里是说孩子已经够大了
25、，能够照顾“他们自己”了，故这里填反身代词“themselves”。22. 句意：我昨天买的那张邮票花了我 20 英镑。“某物花费某人多少钱”是“sth cost(s) sb + 钱数”，从“The stamp I bought yesterday”看得出邮票是昨天买的，故句子谓语需要使用一般过去时，是“过去花费”的，故这里填 cost。23. 句意：当我们离开时，孩子们礼貌地告别了我们。这里的“礼貌”是用于修饰“说再见”这个动作的，表示“礼貌地说再见”，需要使用副词，故这里填“politely”。点睛：单词拼写一定要注意所填句子的语境，尤其是人称和时态，例如本题第 7 题，需要首先判断出“I
26、 bought yesterday”是“stamp”的定语从句，表示“我昨天买的那张邮票”，所以“买”动作发生在过去，再结合“某物花费某人多少钱”是“sth cost(s) sb + 钱数”这个结构，句子谓语需要使用一般过去时，是“过去花费”的，在这里填 cost。还有这里也要正确区分几个有关“花费”的表达，可以看出这句话的主语是“物”，所以直接可以判定动词不能用“spend”或“pay”，只能是 cost。6. 【2018 年山东省青岛】用所给词的适当形式填空。make, raise, travel, watch, cost31. Why are they so busy? Because
27、they_money for homeless people.32. Usually taking a taxi_more than taking a bus.33. The first cartoon film with sound and music_in New York in 1928.34. The Dragon Boat Festival is coming in a few days. We_the boat race and eatzongzi on that day.35. Beijing is such a fantastic place that Amy_there th
28、ree times.【答案】31. are raising 32. costs 33. was made 34. will watch 35. has traveled【解析】33. 句意：第一个有声音和音乐的电影，1928 年在纽约被拍成。根据 The first cartoon film with sound and music 和选词，可知是电影被制作，根据 in 1928.可知是过去时态；故填 was made 34. 句意：端午节几天后就到了，在那天我们要看赛龙舟，吃粽子。根据 the boat race 和选词，可知看龙舟赛，根据 in a few days.可知是将来时态；故填
29、will watch35. 句意：北京是如此一个迷人的地方，以至于艾米去那里旅游了三次。根据 Beijing is such a fantastic place 和选词，可知是去旅游，根据 three times 可知用现在完成时态；故填 has traveled7.【2018 年山东省青岛】根据句意和所给汉语完成句子。每空一词。36. _(谁的) baseball is this? It belongs to Tony.37. Teenagers should have more_(机会)to make their own decisions.38. Believe us! We can f
30、inish the work with the_(最少的)money.39. .The mother walked into the bedroom_(安静地)while the baby was sleeping.40. There is a bookstore_(在对面) our school.【答案】36. Whose 37. chances 38. least 39. quietly 40. opposite【解析】36. 句意：这是谁的足球？它属于托尼。根据 whose 谁的；故填 Whose 37. 句意：青少年应该有更多的机会做自己的决定。根据 chance 机会，可数名词，根据
31、 more,所以用复数；故填 chances 39. 句意：当宝宝在睡觉时，妈妈悄悄地走进卧室。根据副词修饰动词 walked；故填 quietly40. 句意：在我们学校对面有一个商店。根据 opposite 在-对面；故填 opposite。8.【2018 年山东省威海市】单词拼写根据句意和音标提示以适当形式填写单词。请将答案填写在答题卡指定位置。26. I looked into the classroom but I found it_/empti/27. Tina is a_ /spel/ friend of mine.28. Most of the teenagers admire
32、_/hrz/29. The _/si: krt/ of his success was hard work.30. I _/nkt/ at the door, but there was no answer.31. She was seriously ill, but now she is out of_/deind/32. The boy_/ru:/ a stone at a bird but missed it.33. They tried hard to provide a beautiful_/invarnmnt/ for the children.【答案】26. empty 27.
33、special 28. heroes 29. secret 30. knocked 31. danger 32. threw 33. environment【解析】26. 句意：我朝教室里看，但发现它是空的。根据音标可知用 empty。empty 空的，形容词。在句子中做it 的补语。27. 句意：蒂娜是我的一个特别的朋友。根据音标可知用 special。special 特别的，形容词。在句子中修饰名词 friend。28. 句意：大多数青少年崇拜英雄。根据音标可知用 heroes。注意这里用复数。29. 句意：他成功的秘诀是努力工作。根据音标和句意可知用 secret。31. 句意：她病得很
34、重，但现在已脱离危险。根据音标和句意可知用 danger。danger 这里是名词。32. 句意：一个男孩扔了一块石头去打鸟，但没打中。根据音标和句意可知用 threw。由句子 but missed it.可知，时态为过去时，因此本题用 throw 的过去式 threw。33. 句意：他们努力为孩子们提供一个优美的环境。根据音标和句意可知用 environment。9.【2018 年山东省威海市】根据所给汉语句子完成英语句子，词数不限。请将答案填写在答题卡指定位置。42. 新加坡( Singapore)年有几个季节?43. 这些花儿多长时间浇一次?44. 足球比网球更普及，但网球是我的最爱。4
35、5. Mike，别忘了告诉我咱们在哪里碰面。46. 如果我们想要在 10 点钟到达，我认为没有必要这么早出发。47. Tom 上个月向我借了一本词典，但是到现在还没归还。【答案】42. How many seasons are there in Singapore in a year? 43. How often are the/these flowers watered?How often do the flowers need watering/need to be watered?How often will the flowers be watered? 44. Football is
36、 more popular than tennis, but tennis is my favorite(sport)./Football is more popular than tennis, but I like tennis best. 45. Mike, dont forget to tell me where to meet.Mike, dont forget to tell me where well meet. 46. I dont think it necessary to start/set out/ set off so early if we want to arriv
37、e at ten.If we want arrive at ten. I dont think its necessary to start /set out/ set off so early.I dont think its necessary to start/set out/ set off so early if we want to arrive at ten.If we want to arrive at ten, I dont think its necessary to start/set out set off so early. 47. Tom borrowed a di
38、ctionary from me last month, but he hasnt returned it(to me)so far/by now. /but he hasnt given it back( to me)so far/by now.【解析】略42. 几个季节用 how many seasons, 这里的“有”用 there be 结构，在新加坡( Singapore)用介词 in，时态用一般现在时。根据以上分析可知答案为 How many seasons are there in Singapore in a year?43. 这些花儿用 the flowers 或 these
39、 flowers 表示，多长时间用 how often，浇水用 water，根据汉语意思应该用被动语态，可以是一般现在时或将来时的被动句。所以答案为 How often are the/these flowers watered? 或 How often will the flowers be watered? 我们还可以用 need 来表示，need doing 或 need to be+动词的过去分词。所以答案还可以为 How often do the flowers need watering/need to be watered?45. 别忘了告诉我 dont forget to te
40、ll me，在哪里用 where，碰面用 meet，本题为祈使句。本题可以用简单句，也可以用复合句来写。因此答案有两个 Mike, dont forget to tell me where to meet.或Mike, dont forget to tell me where well meet. 46. 用 if 来引导条件句，“如果”，想要用 want，在 10 点钟用 at ten，“到达”用 arrive，句型I dont think its necessary to do sth. 我认为没有必要做某事，这么早用 so early，出发用start /set out/ set off
41、 表示。时态用一般现在时。所以答案为 I dont think it necessary to start/set out/ set off so early if we want to arrive at ten.If we want arrive at ten. I dont think its necessary to start /set out/ set off so early.I dont think its necessary to start/set out/ set off so early if we want to arrive at ten.If we want to
42、 arrive at ten, I dont think its necessary to start/set out set off so early. 47. 向某人借用 borrowfrom，上个月 last month，归还 return to 或 give back to，到现在还没归还，说明时态用现在完成时。到现在 so far/by now。but 表示转折来连接两个句子。所以答案为 Tom borrowed a dictionary from me last month, but he hasnt returned it(to me)so far/by now. /but he
43、 hasnt given it back( to me)so far/by now.10.【2018 年陕西省中考】完成句子:根据所给汉语意思,用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。36. 同学们,请靠马路右边行走。Boys and girls, please walk _ side of the road.37. 离开教室的时候记着关灯。Remember to _ the lights when you leave the classroom.38. 昨天我买了两张厉害了,我的国!的电影票。I bought two movie _ to Amazing China yesterday.39. 马良想
44、为那个孩子画一匹马。Ma Liang wanted to _ for the child.40. 她的脸上总带着温暖的微笑A _ is always on her face.【答案】36. on/along the right 37. turn off /shut off/switch off 38. tickets 39. draw/paint a horse 40. warm smile【解析】38. “票”是 ticket，是可数名词，如果是两张，用复数，故填 tickets。 39. “画”用“paint/draw”，故填 draw/paint a horse。 40. “温暖的”是
45、warm，微笑是 smile，故填 warm smile点睛：积累必要的短语有助于本题的完成，记忆短语和复习短语可以以某个词为线索，例如第二题，关于turn 的短语还有：turn off 关掉，turn into 变成 turn on 打开，发动，turn over 翻阅；把翻过来；turn left 向左转 turn right 向右转 turn up 出现 turn out to be 结果是 turn down 拒绝。也可以用off 作为线索，复习有关“关闭”的短语例如：turn off /shut off/switch off。11.【2018 年四川广安市中考】第一节 根据汉语提示,
46、用单词的正确形式填空,每空一词,并将答案写在答题卡上相应的位置。41. Jane would like to live on the _ (第十二) floor.42. Monkeys eat meat, _ (树叶) fruit and even eggs.43. In some places, it isnt _ (有礼貌的) to look at people when you talk.44. Millie lives on a healthy diet. She _ (很少) has sweet snacks.45. It _ (闻起来) so strong that I don t like it at all.46. You will be heavily_ (惩罚) if you don t obey these rules.47. - Where is your father?- He has already _ (飞) to Beijing.48. - When will our school sports meeting be held?- It will be held on _ (十一月)10th.49. The restaurant is open every day _ (除了) Monday.50. Dan
