1、B8U4 Learning about language Lead in But，sir，(proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party. 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语 2But，sir，(proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as
2、 a duchess at an ambassadors garden party. 不过，先生，(高傲地)要是一旦有人教她把英语说好了，她就可 以在三个月以内冒充公爵夫人出席大使主办的花园晚会了。 once educated to speak properly是条件状语从句是条件状语从句 once she is educated to speak properly的省略形式。的省略形式。 在在once，if，as，unless，when，though等引导的状等引导的状 语从句中，如果其谓语动词是语从句中，如果其谓语动词是be，主语又和主句的主语，主语又和主句的主语 一致，或者主语是一致，或
3、者主语是it，常常可以把从句中的主语和，常常可以把从句中的主语和be省省 略。略。 语法填空 Though _(surprise) to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome. 句型转换 When she was very young，she began to learn to play the piano. _ _ _， she began to learn to play the piano. You should stay where you are, unless you are asked to leave. You should s
4、tay where you are, _ _ to leave. surprised When very young unless asked B8U4 GrammarPast participle used as adverbial 过去分词作状语 过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓 语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状 况。其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，且主语是过 去分词动作的承受者；过去分词与主语之间构成 逻辑上的“动宾关系”或在逻辑上构成“系表结 构”。 Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. 多给些
5、照顾，那些树会长得更好。 一、功能 过去分词作状语，在意义上相当于一个状语从 句。它可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方 式或伴随等。 1表时间，可转换为表时间，可转换为when，while或或after等引等引 导的时间状语从句。导的时间状语从句。 Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. When he was asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 2表原因，可转换为表原因，可转换为as, since或或because等引等引 导的原因状语从句。导的原因
6、状语从句。 Frightened by the noise in the night，the girl didnt dare sleep in her room. Because she was frightened by the noise in the night，the girl didnt dare sleep in her room 3表条件，可转换为表条件，可转换为if, once或或unless等引导等引导 的条件状语从句。的条件状语从句。 Grown in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast. If they are grown in ric
7、h soil，these seeds can grow fast. . 4表让步，可转换为表让步，可转换为although, though或或even if 等引导的让步状语从句。等引导的让步状语从句。 Defeated again，we did not lose heart. Although we were defeated again，we did not lose heart. 5表方式或伴随情况。表方式或伴随情况。作方式状语，如有连词 as if，就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无 连词，则转换为并列结构。作伴随状语，一般转 换为并列结构。 He began to cry a
8、s if bitten by a snake. He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake 二、连词过去分词 有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚， 可在分词前加连词，常用的连词有： when, while, if, though, after, before, as 等。但分词的主语和主句的主语必须为 同一个。 Once tasted, the dish is hard to forget. 这菜一旦尝过就很难忘记。 用过去分词作状语改写下列状语从句 When it is seen from the top of the hill，the par
9、k looks more beautiful. _，the park looks more beautiful. As the children were exhausted they fell asleep at once. The children，_，fell asleep at once. If she had been given more time，she would certainly have done much better. _，she would certainly have done much better. exhausted Seen from the top of
10、 the hill Given more time Although we were exhausted by the climb， we continued our journey. _，we continued our journey. He stood there silently and was moved to tears. He stood there silently，_. Although exhausted by the climb moved to tears 三、过去分词的独立主格结构三、过去分词的独立主格结构 1分词作状语时，要特别注意其逻辑主语必须和句子 的主语一致。
11、否则，分词必须有自己的主语。这种带主 语的分词被称为分词的独立结构或独立主格，在句子中 作状语，表示时间、原因、条件等。 All things considered, her paper is of great value. 把所有的情况考虑在内的话，她的论文很有价值。 (considered为过去分词作状语，它有自己的主语all things，而主句主语为her paper) The signal given, the bus started. 信号一发出，汽车就开动了。 (the signal是given的逻辑主语，因此主句主语the bus就 不是given的逻辑主语) .句型转换 1W
12、hen he was questioned about the murder，he came tense. _ about the murder，he came tense. 2As they were deeply moved by the story，the children began to cry. _ _by the story，the children began to cry. 3. If they are kept in the refrigerator，these vegetables will remain fresh. _ in the refrigerator，thes
13、e vegetables will remain fresh. 4She walked out of the house，and was followed by her little daughter. She walked out of the house，_ by her little daughter. Questioned Deeply moved Kept followed Some students were bored with the lecture, so they fell asleep. _ with the lecture, some students fell asl
14、eep. 2.The teacher was surrounded by many students, answering their questions carefully. _ by many students, the teacher answered their questions carefully. 3.Mary dared not sleep in her bedroom because she was frightened by the noise outside. _ by the noise outside, Mary dared not sleep in her bedr
15、oom. 5.Father said that he would attend the meeting if he was invited. Father said that he would attend the meeting if _. Bored Sorrounded Frightened invited 6. He made no answer, when _(question) about his family. 7. The experiment sows that proper amounts of exercise, if _(carry) out regularly, ca
16、n improve our health. 8. Though _(surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome. 9. _(encourage) by our teacher, we began to read many good books to get pleasure. 10. The hunter, _(follow) by his dog, walked slowly in the forest. questioned carried surprised Encouraged followed 备选资料备选资料
17、备选练习备选练习 Grammar Past Participle usedas the adverbial 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语 备用语法练习备用语法练习 _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose 2. If _ the same treatment again, hes sure to get well. A. giving B. give C. given D. being given 3. _ in 1636, Harv
18、ard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding 4. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared 5. _ time, hell make a first-class te
19、nnis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given 6. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited 8. W
20、hen _, the museum will be open to the public next year completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 9. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 10. _ more attention, the trees could have grown better. A
21、. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given Correct the mistakes: 1. Giving more time, I would do it better. 2. Deeply moving by his words,the old man agreed to his request. 3. Seen his mother coming, the child was very happy. 4. The murderer was brought in, with his hands tying behind his back. 5. He came back with a basket filling with eggs. Giving- Given moving- moved Seen- Seeing tying- tied filling- filled _ _ _ _ _
