1、外外研研版七年级上册知识点汇总版七年级上册知识点汇总 Starter Module1 .Useful expressions: Good morning /afternoon Thank you my teacher my friend Miss Zhou Im My manes Hello ,class This is His /Her name is Nice to meet you Its time to do sth See you tomorrow How are you? Fine ,thank you Whats your name, please ? Can you spell
2、 it ,please ? Its time to go now . .Grammars Hello 做感叹词，你好是答招呼语和问候的话，一般用于熟人和朋友之间，也可用于陌生人之间，语气比较随便， 可单独使用，一方说 hello 对方也用 hello 来回答，也可加呼语，但用逗号分开。和它相近的用法有 hi, hey . hello 也 可用于引起注意常用在打电话时，相当于喂 good morning 早上好。是人们在早上或上午见面时比较正式的问候语，答语仍为 good morning . 在非正式的场合， 如果是朋友家长或熟人之间见面可省略 good , 只用 morning 来互相问候。
3、goodbye 用做感叹词，再见！ 是英语里比较正式的告别用语。在实际生活中一般用于与陌生人或年长的人告别， 它的缩略形式 byebye 或 bye 可以用于比较随便的口语中，回答时只要重复一下即可。 Miss 小姐，老师 一般用于未婚女子的姓前 Mrs 夫人 一般用于已婚女子姓或丈夫姓氏前 Mr 先生 一般用于男子姓氏前 Ms 小姐，女士 一般用于不知道婚否的女子姓前，现在 Ms 应用更广些。 中国人的名字译成英语时 ，习惯上按汉语拼音来拼写，姓在前，名在后，书写时姓和名分开写，而且二者的首字 母要大写，若名字部分有两个字时，应连在一起写，只将第一个字母的首字母大写即可。Li Daming
4、如果是复姓也 写在一起，只将第一个字母的首字母大写即可。Sima Qian 如果名字部分的第二个字是以元音字母开头的时候，一 般要在两个字中间加 Li Lian 否则容易读成李连。 how are you ? 是熟人见面时的问候语，通常是经过短暂时间之后再见面时表示问候，用于询问对方身体状况，通 常用 Im fine ,thanks ./Fine , thank you . /Im very well ./Im OK 等来回答。当别人用 how are you ?来问候时，回答除 了表示感谢，习惯上还要反问对方的身体状况。可一用 Fine, thank you .And you ?来回答， A
5、nd you 相当于 And how are you ?你也好吗？对方回答 Im fine ,too .Thank you . thanks 做感叹词，谢谢，是一个礼貌用语，thanks 与 thank you 相同，但不如 thank you 正式。当别人帮助关心称 赞或祝福我们时应该表示感谢。 This is 是英语介绍他人时习惯上用的句型，也可以 That is 但一般不用 He/She is 从交际习惯上一般先把年轻人介 绍给长者；先把地位低者介绍给尊者；在宾主之间，先介绍宾客；男女之间，先把男士介绍给女士。 see you tomorrow 是非正式的告别语，常用在家庭成员内部，同学
6、之间，好友之间。这句话的变体形式很多 see you see you next week see you later see you next Monday nice to meet you 初次见面经人介绍后，两人之间的问候语，可用 nice to meet you（too）来回答。也可用于双方好 久未见，偶然相逢时的场合，表示一种高兴的心情。 Its time to do sth 到了做某事的时间了 Its time to have a rest . Starter Module2 .Useful expressions: Sit down stand up put up your han
7、d put down your hand open your book open the door/window close your book close the door/window listen to sb draw a picture telephone number a new student in Class 3 how many Mr Chens Whats your number ? .Grammars 祈使句：是英语的基本句型之一，表示说话人的叮嘱，劝告，请求或命令，祈使句一般没有主语，肯定结构都以动 词原形开头。句末用感叹号或句号。朗读时用降调。祈使句的否定形式由 Don
8、t +动词原形构成，常用来表示劝告 建议。Dont open your book . Please 可以放在祈使句中也可以用在疑问句中，在祈使句中可以放在句首也可以放在句末，用于句末时，其前面 要用逗号隔开，在疑问句中则只能放在句末，前面加逗号。 Sit down please please sit down Can you spell it ,please ? 基数词：英语中表示数目或数量多少的数词。 基数词的拼写： （1） 1-12 的基数词是独立的单词，有其各自的形式。One ,two ,three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, e
9、leven, twelve (2) 1319 的基数词以 teen 结尾，单词的两个音节重读。Thirteen, fourteen , fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen ,nineteen (3) 20-90 十位的整数都以ty结尾， 单词的第一个音节重读。 Twenty, thirty ,forty , fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty , ninety, (4) 2199 之间的非正数须在十位与个位之间加连字符-.twenty- three (二)基数词的用法： （1）基数词表示编号，要将基数词放在被修饰词之后，首字母都要
10、大写。Unit Two (2) 基数词表示电话号码，可单个读，重复的数字也可以用 double . (3) 基数词表示年龄。 He is twelve years old (4) 基数词表示时间 6：30 six thirty (5) 基数词表示数学式子。 5+5=？ Whats five and five ? 3. 疑问词 what 和 grade class row team colour 等词一起连用用于提问年级，班级， 排， 组，颜色等. What class is he in ? Hes in Class 4 . 4. How old +be +主语？用于询问年龄。用于熟人之间或长辈
11、询问晚辈。陌生人之间一般不能直接询问年龄，尤其 不能询问女士的年龄 5. 英语中先说小单位再说大单位所以先说班级后说学年。Im in Class Four ,Grade One Starter Module3 .Useful expressions: in English write it /them on the blackboard I dont know Youre welcome of course whats this in English ? how do you spell it ? Can you say that again please ? can you help me
12、? What colour is it ? .Grammars 1.can 是情态动词，能，能够 没有人称和数的变化，不能独立作谓语，必须与后面的动词一起构成谓语。含有情 态动词的肯定句，大多数表示主语做某事的能力，变疑问句时，把 can 提到句首即可。变否定句在 can 后加 not . I can write in English . Can you see the picture ? Yrs ,I can . no, I cant . 2.want 想要 后接名词、代词、动名词。 I want a pen . He doesnt want it . I want to sit down
13、. 3.help sb (to) do sth =help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 Can you help me (to) study my English ? Can you help me with my English ? 4.a 用于以辅音音素开头的单词前。 A map 按用于以元音音素开头的单词前。 An apple 5. in +某种语言 用某种语言 Whats this in English ? 6. whats this /that ? 答语用 Its . 7. no=not a /an /not any 修饰单数可数名词用 not a /an 修饰可数名词复
14、数或不可数名词用 not any 8.what colour is it ?询问某物是什么颜色。答语用 its +颜色 Starter Module 4 .Useful expressions: Write in /on your favourite day table tennis after school in spring on Sunday my birthday in London good idea this afternoon my everyday English what day play football what day is it today ? Its Monday
15、. what day is your favourite day ? whats the weather like in Beijing in summer? Whats your favourite sport? Lets go swimming on Wednesday . .Grammars 关于星期的知识点 A 书写星期几开头字母要大写。可以用完整形式，也可以用缩写形式，其缩写形式除星期四是前四个字母外，其 他都是前三个字母，运用缩写形式是后面的点不能丢， Mon. Tue. Wed. Thur. Fri. Sat. Sun. B 一周中的第一天是星期天，以此类推，一周中的最后一天是星
16、期六。 The first day of the week is Sunday . The last day of the week is Saturday . C. 星期前不用冠词。 D星期前用介词 on . I dont go to school on Sunday . E. 询问星期几用 what day . 答语 Its +星期几 2.it 作代词时的其他用法。 A 指代前面提到过的事物。 The pen isnt Toms . Its Jims . B. 代替指示代词 this /that . Whats this ? Its a book . C.指婴儿或不明身份的人。 Whos
17、the baby ? Its my son . Someone is knocking at the door ,who is it ? D. 指时间，距离长度，天气等。 How far is it from your home to school ? Its sunny today . 3. write in 把写在上 多指写在书上或本子上 write on把写在上 多指写在黑板、墙、地等上面 You can write your name in the exercise book Dont write your name on the wall . 4. favourite =like b
18、est 最喜欢 Sunday is my favourite day . I like Sunday best . 5. whats the weather like in + 时间/地点 = How is the weather in 时间/地点 询问某时/某地天气 whats the weather like in Shanghai ? = How is the weather in Shanghai? 6. lets do sth 让我们做某事 Lets go to school . 7. play +表示球类运动的名词，前不加冠词。 I like playing football .
19、Play+the +表示乐器的名词 前一定有冠词 He often plays the piano after school . 8. like doing sth 表示经常性的动作或状态。 She likes eating apples . Like to do sth 表示一次性的动作 Do you like to go to the zoo with me ? 9. go +表示运动的动名词 表示去做运动 go swimming go skating go boating Go hiking go fishing go skiing 10. on in at On 用在具体的日期前 on
20、 March 8 on one cold winter . on Sunday morning In 用在年月，世纪，四季，或泛指一天的上午下午晚上等 in the morning At 多用于表示具体部位钱和时刻前 at half past six . at noon Module1 .Useful expressions: be from years old the capital of China last name first name middle name full name given name family name how old English name what abou
21、t you ? welcome to Where are you from ? good to see you .Grammars be from =come from +地点 来自，是的人 Where is he from ? Where does he come from ? He is from England. He comes from England . He is English . 2. what about =how about 怎么样？常用来询问他人的情况，征求意见或提出建议。后接名词代词动名词。 What about the car over there ? Im tir
22、ed ,what about you ? My pen is black ,what about yours ? what about go swimming ? 3. capital 首都，省会，大写的 Beijing is the capital of our country . The capital of Shandong is Jinan . This is a capital letter . 4. given name =first name 名 family name = last name 姓 In Chinese , the family name is the first
23、 and the given name is last . family name (last name)+ given name (first name)=Chinese name In English ,the given name is first and the family name is last . given name (first name)+ family name (last name)= English name 5.welcome to +地点 欢迎来到 welcome to Class Two, Grade One . 6. where +be +主语+ from
24、? 来自于哪？ Where are you from ? 7. be 动词的用法 我用 am, 你用 are , is 连着他她它。单数名次用 is , 复数名词全用 are。 变疑问往前提， 句末问号莫丢弃。变否定更容易，be 后 not 莫忘记。 疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 8. 人称代词和物主代词 人称代词：用来代替上文提到的人或物人称代词分主格和宾格，主格在句中作主语，宾格在句中做宾语，用在动词 和介词后。 主格：I you he she it we you they 宾格：me you him her it us you them We are in Class One , G
25、rade Two . Let me help him . he sits between her and us . 物主代词：表示所有关系的代词，物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 形容词性物主代词只能用在名词前，名词性物主代词不修饰任何成分，单独使用。 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 形容词性物主代词: my your his her its our your their 名词性物主代词： mine yours his her its ours yours theirs My coat is green ,what about yours (your coat Module
26、 2 .Useful expressions: On the right of on ones right on the left of on ones left next to In front of in the photo bus station bus driver police station At school at home at the same hospital farm worker for example family tree a hotel manager my family photo a photo of my family .Grammars 指示代词：用来指示
27、或标识人或事物。this ,that , these , those . this these 谈论离自己近的人或物时，that, those 谈论离自己远的人或物时 this that 是单数，these, those 是复数。 当指示代词作主语构成一般疑问句时， 当指示代词所指的事物已确定， 后面指示代词指人时用 he ,she ,they ,来代替， 指物时用 it，they 来代替。 Is this your bike ?Yes ,it is . Are these your grandparents ?Yrs ,they are . Is this your friend Tony
28、? Yes ,he is . 名词所有格。 名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系，有两种形式，一种是s 一种是 of 所有格。 通常在名词词尾加s ， 以 s 结尾的名词在 s 后加 .Toms pen Teachers Day 表示两者或两者以上共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加s ,若表示分别拥有则名词后分别加s. Lily and Lucys mother is a nurse . Toms and Jims books are missing . C. of 所有格用来表示无生命的东西 a map of China desks and chairs of our school D. 双重所有格形
29、式一是 of +名次所有格 二是 of +名词性物主代词。 Hes a friend of my brothers . Is she a daughter of yours ? E. 表示店铺，医院，诊所，住宅的名称时，常在名词后加s 代表全称。At the doctors . F. 不定代词 someone ,anyone 等和 else 连用s 应加在 else 后，someone elses G. 表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命东西的名词也可以在词尾加s 或 构成所有格。 todays newspaper three hours walk thirty tons weight Chi
30、nas capital H. 用 to 也可以表示所有格。钥匙 答案 桥和路， 出入口所有歌格用 to The key to the car the answer to the question the bridge to knowledge The way to the school the exit to the building the enterance to the theater in front of 指在某一范围以外的前面 反义词是 behind in the front of 指在某一范围以内的前面 反义词是 at the back of The teacher is sta
31、nding in the front of the classroom . Mary is standing in front of her car . 询问职业的句型。 A. what +be +主语？ Whats your mother ? Shes is nurse . B. what do/does +主语+do ?what does your brother do ?Hes is a policeman . C. whats ones job ?whats your job ? Im a teacher . 5. 动词+r/er/or 构成名词 managemanager drive
32、driver writewriter teachteacher cleancleaner playplayer work-worker actactor visit-visitor invent inventor policeman policewoman Englishman Englishwoman Frenchman Frenchwoman 其复数将 man,woman 变成 men women Man woman 构成复合名词变为复数时，前后两个词都要变成复数。 Woman doctor-women doctors Police 为警察，常与 the 连用作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 T
33、he police are coming . Module 3 .Useful expressions: A lot of on the teachers desk on the classroom desk a map of the world a map of England dining hall science lab s ports hall how many in the middle of betweenand on everyones desk a map of China on the left of classroom building school gate office
34、 building .Grammars 1.There be 结构结构 表示某地某时存在某人某物 There be +某人/某物+某地/某时 There be 结构的主语 a, There be 结构的 there 是引导词，无实义，其主语是 be 后的名词或名词短语。且名词或名词短语通常用不确定 的限定词，如 a ,no , all 等修饰。也不用确定的限定词 the ,this ,that ,these ,those 等修饰。 b. There be 结构的主语不能是人称代词，专有名词及被物主代词或名次所有格修饰的名词。 误：There is China in the east of th
35、e world . there are their books on the desk . There are they under tree . c.若要说明被限定的某人某物在某处时，常用某人某物+be +地点 Tom is in the room . There be 结构的谓语 a, There be 结构的谓语是 be ，它在人称数上应和后面的主语即名词保持一致，即主语是不可数名词或可数名词单 数时用 is /was ,主语是复数时用 are /were .主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，be 的形式采取临近原则，即与离它最 近的主语的数保持一致。 There is a picture
36、on the wall . there is an orange and apples in the basket . There is some water in the bottle . There are some bananas in the basket . b, There be 结构的谓语动词有时不用 be 而用其它动词，如 live , stand , lie, seem 等使语言表达更生动。 Long long ago , there lived a king . There be 结构的常见时态。 一般现在时态。 There is /are +名词 一般过去时态 There
37、 was /were +名词 一般将来时态 There is going to /will be +名词 现在完成时态 There has /have been +名词 There be 结构可与情态动词连用，表示推测。There must be no one in the room . There be 结构的句型转换。 a , 若对主语提问，无论主语是单数还是复数都用 whats +地点？ There are some flowers in the garden . There is a book on the desk . Whats in the garden ? Whats on t
38、he desk ? b ,对修饰名词的数词或表示不确定数目的词提问，如果是可数名词用 how many +名词复数+are there +其它？如果 是不可数名词用 how much +不可数名词+is there +其它？ There are some flowers in the garden .- how many flowers are there in the garden ? There is a little milk in the glass . -how much milk is there in the milk ? There is a cat in the room -
39、 How many cats are there in the room ? 反义疑问句用 be not there . there be 与 have/has 区别 a , There be 与 has /have 都当有讲，但 have 表示所属关系，即持有，拥有，占有，而 there be 表示客观存在，不 说明所有关系。 He has a pen . b . 当主语是物或时间名词时，而且表示整体与局部，两者可互换。 The building has 6 floors . there are 6 floors in the building . A week has seven days
40、 . there are seven days in a week . c,在一般时态是，there 不能与 have 连用。 2. in the tree 指外来物体在树上。There is a bird in the tree . On the tree 指树木本身长出的叶子。果实等。 There are a lot of apples on the apple trees . In the wall 指窗户钉子门洞孔等镶嵌入墙内。 There is a hole in the wall . On the wall 指地图画像等悬挂张贴于墙内。 There is a clock on th
41、e wall . 3.in the middle of 在中间 He is standing in the middle of the room . There is a lake in the middle . 4.betweenand 在和之间 put this box between the desk and the wall . 5.动词+ing 构成名词。 Buildbuilding meet meeting turn-turning 6.whats like ? 是什么样子？ 指人时既可以指外貌特征又可以指人的品行特征。 Whats the weather like ? whats
42、 he like ?Hes tall .he is clever . 7.a lot of =lots of 许多的， 大量的 其后既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词当后面接可数名词时可以和 many 互换， 当后面接不可数名词时可以和 much 互换。 Weve got lots of oranges . (many) Weve got lots of milk .(much) 8. furniture furniture 属表总称的物质名词（也有的书称之为集合名词） ，没有复数形式，也不能与不定冠词连用，含义上永远 是单数。如： She furnished the apartment with
43、 modern furniture. 她给那套公寓装配了现代家具。 Many things, such as toys, furniture, and computers, are made of plastic. 许多东西如玩具、家具和电脑都是塑料做的。 1.thats 即使其前受到 all, some 等的修饰，也不能用复数。如： Ive just bought some new furniture. 我刚买了一些新家具。 All the furniture was covered with dust. 所有家具都落满了灰尘。 2. 若要表示量，可用 much, little, a lit
44、tle, a lot of, lots of 等修饰，但不能用 many, few, a few 等修饰。如： The room had little furniture in it. 室内没什么家具。 There is a lot of furniture in his living-room. 他的客厅里有很多家具。 The room was small and contained far too much furniture. 房间很小而家具实在太多。 若要表示数可用 a piece of (article, item) of 等修饰。如： A desk is an article of
45、 furniture. 书桌是一件家具。 Most people look on a television set as an essential piece of furniture. 多数人都把电视机看成是必不可少的家具。 3. 若要表示一套家具，可用 a suite of 修饰。如： Thats a nice suite of furniture. 那是一套漂亮的家具。 Module 4 .Useful expressions: go shopping for something to eat /drink too much much too be good for be bad for
46、 how about all right too bad would like lots of health food a bit stay health get fat eat well every morning a bottle of juice Its important to remember orange juice what kind of a western breakfast in the West eat well what kind of .Grammars 1.Have /has got (1)Have /has got 表示某人拥有某物 have got 句式中 ha
47、ve 有人称和数的变化， 即当句子主语为第三人称单数时， 用 has got 形式。I have got some apples . We have got some milk . He has got an orange . (2) 如果表示某人没有某物则用 havent got ,hasnt got 即在 Have /has 后加 not 构成否定形式。 We havent got any juice . she hasnt got any milk . (3) 如果要询问某人有某物吗？则把 have/has 提到主语前。 Have you got any carrots ? Yes, I
48、 have . / No, I havent . Has he got a new pen? Yes, he has . / No, he hasnt . (4) there be 与 have/has 的区别 Athere be 句型表示存在即指某地/某时有某人/某物。 There is a book on the desk . B. Have /has 表示人拥有，指某人拥有某物。是一种所有关系。 I have got a cat . She has got some fruit . C. 当主语是物或时间名词时，而且表示整体与局部，两者可互换。 The building has 6 floors . there are 6 floors in the building . A week has seven days . there are seven days in a week . 2. some any 都表示一些，可用作形容词在句中修饰名词。 A.Some 用
