1、2020 年深圳市普通高中高三年级线上统一测试年深圳市普通高中高三年级线上统一测试 英语试题英语试题 注意事项注意事项: 1答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考生号填写在答题卡指定位置。答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考生号填写在答题卡指定位置。 2选择题的答案填写或涂写方式，请按照学校使用的考试平台所需具体要求作答。选择题的答案填写或涂写方式，请按照学校使用的考试平台所需具体要求作答。 3非选择题答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内，写在非答题区域的答案无效。非选择题答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内，写在非答题区域的答案无效。 4考生必须保证纸质答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，按
2、照学校的具体要求提交答题卡。考生必须保证纸质答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，按照学校的具体要求提交答题卡。 第第 I 卷卷 第一部分第一部分 阅读理解阅读理解( (共两节，满分共两节，满分 40 分分) ) 第一节第一节 ( (共共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分分) ) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A An increasing number of students worldwide are considering studyi
3、ng abroad. The application process varies from country to country. If youre looking for a university with a strong international outlook but feel swept over by all the application options, here is some guidance to get you started. UK International students must apply to universities in the UK throug
4、h a system known as Ucas. This system allows students to apply to up to five universities with just one application. It costs 20 for a single choice or 25 for more than one choice. The application consists of a series of questions to determine the students schooling and predicted grades. The biggest
5、 part of the application form is the personal statement, in which applicants should describe their personal interests and related experiences. Switzerland Switzerland has four official languages and is bordered by five countries so it is no surprise that its universities are among the most internati
6、onal in the world. International applicants may need to take an entrance exam if they have a foreign school certificate, and must also prove that they have a good grasp of the French language, usually through taking a language exam. The full application costs 50 Swiss Francs for a holder of a Swiss
7、diploma and 150 Swiss Francs for holders of foreign diplomas. Canada International applicants have to write up a personal profile as part of their application, which is very similar to the personal statement required for a UK university application. Students will also have to prove their English-lan
8、guage competencythere are nine ways to meet the English Language Admission Standard, which are listed on many university websites. Singapore The process of applying to a Singaporean university is very much alike, but overseas students may be delighted to find that the domestic applicants have to cov
9、er the same procedures: filling out an online application form and submit identification documents, supporting documents and an application fee of S$20. 1. Which country requires international applicants know French well? A. UK. B. Switzerland. C. Canada. D. Singapore. 2. What part of the applicatio
10、n is similar between the UK and Canada? A. The application system. B. The number of universities. C. The application cost. D. The personal statement. 3. Whats special about the application process in Singapore? A. Applicants need to pay a lot. B. It is much simpler than elsewhere. C. Its no differen
11、t for native students. D. The competition is even more fierce. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章主要对出境留学学生办理的申请手续进行了介绍，举例说明英国，瑞士，加拿大和 新加坡的留学申请注意事项进行对比。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章 Switzerland 部分内容“International applicants may need to take an entrance exam if they have a foreign school certificate, and must a
12、lso prove that they have a good grasp of the French language, usually through taking a language exam.( 国际申请者如果有外国学校的证书，可能需要参加入学考试，还必须证明他 们对法语有很好的掌握，通常是通过参加语言考试。)”可知，瑞士要求申请者掌握法语。故选 B项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章 Canada部分内容“International applicants have to write up a personal profile as part of their applicat
13、ion, which is very similar to the personal statement required for a UK university application.( 国际申 请者在申请时必须填写个人资料，这与英国大学申请时的个人陈述非常相似。)”可知，在个人陈述资料方 面，英国和加拿大的申请部分相似。故选 B 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章 Singapore部分内容“The process of applying to a Singaporean university is very much alike, but overseas students m
14、ay be delighted to find that the domestic applicants have to cover the same procedures(申请新加坡大学的程序大同小异，但海外学生可能会很高兴地发现，国内申请人必须经过与他们 同样的程序)”可知，新加坡的申请过程的特殊之处在于境外学生与国内学生申请流程相同。故选 C 项。 B One day after more than a month of classes, I read aloud a paragraph from my book, recognizing all of the characters sm
15、oothly except for one. I sat back and started to register the achievement: I was actually reading Chinese. The language was starting to make sense. But before the sense of satisfaction was half formed, Teacher Liao said, “Budui!” It meant, literally, “Not correct.” You could also translate it as no,
16、 wrong, nope, uh-uh. Flatly and clearly incorrect. There were many Chinese words that I didnt know, but I knew that one well. A voice in my head whined: All of the rest of them were right; isnt that worth something? But for Teacher Liao it didnt work like that. If one character was wrong it was simp
17、ly budui. “Whats this word?” I asked, pointing at the character I had missed. “Zhe the zhe in Zhejiang.” “Third tone?” “Fourth tone.” I breathed deeply and read the section again, and this time I did it perfectly. That was a victory I turned to Teacher Liao and my eyes said (or at least I imagined t
18、hem saying): How do you like me now? There seemed to be some satisfaction in her eyes, but she simply said, “Read the next one.” It was her way of teaching. Success was expected and failure criticized and immediately corrected. You were right or you were budui; there was no middle ground. I grew to
19、hate budui. The bu was a rising tone and the dui dropped abruptly, like building my confidence and then breaking down all at once. And it bothered me all the more because I knew that Teacher Liao was only telling the truth: everything I did with the language was budui. I was an adult, and as an adul
20、t I should be able to accept criticism where it was needed. But that wasnt the American way; I wanted to be praised for my effort; I didnt mind criticism as long as it was candy-coated. In China, the single B on the report card matters much more than all the As that surround it. Keep working; you ha
21、vent achieved anything yet. And so I studied. I was frustrated but I was also stubborn; I was determined to show Teacher Liao that I was dui. 4. Which of the following can best replace “whined” in Paragraph 3? A. burst out. B. gave in. C. returned. D. complained. 5. What did the writer expect from T
22、eacher Liao after he tried again? A. Immediate correction. B. A new challenge. C. An encouraging response. D. A strict comment. 6. How did the writer feel about the Chinese way of teaching? A. Candy-coated. B. Weakness-focused. C. Interest-driven. D. Criticism-absent. 7. What can we infer from the t
23、ext? A. The writer was struggling with Liaos teaching. B. The American way of teaching is better for adults. C. The writer was not gifted in language learning. D. Teacher Liao was not friendly with her students. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者跟着廖老师学习中文的心路历程，经过一个多月的学习后，除了一 个字以外其他字都认识，但
24、在满足感还没有形成一半之前，他的老师就说不对。老师的教学方式是：成功 是预料之中的，失败是要受到批评并且要立即纠正的，这让作者感到很沮丧，他希望因为他付出的努力而 得到表扬。 【4 题详解】 词义猜测题。 根据划线单词所在句的前文内容第二段末尾以及第三段内容“The language was starting to make sense. But before the sense of satisfaction was half formed, Teacher Liao said, “Budui!” It meant, literally, “Not correct.” You could a
25、lso translate it as no, wrong, nope, uh-uh. Flatly and clearly incorrect. There were many Chinese words that I didnt know, but I knew that one well.”可知廖老师对作者的朗读中评价为“不对”，而作者在脑 海里产生了各种疑问，觉得难道剩余的全对了也不能抵消一个错的吗，因此可推知“A voice in my head whined”在讲述作者心里颇有微词。因此划线单词 whined 与选项 D“complained(抱怨)”有相同含义。故选 D 项。 【
26、5 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据文章第八段内容“I turned to Teacher Liao and my eyes said (or at least I imagined them saying): How do you like me now? There seemed to be some satisfaction in her eyes(我转向廖老师，我的眼睛说(或者 至少我想象他们在说):你现在觉得我怎么样?她的眼睛里似乎有某种满足)”可知，作者期待廖老师对自己的 表现感到满意，得到老师的鼓励。故选 C项。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第十段内容“In China, t
27、he single B on the report card matters much more than all the As that surround it. Keep working; you havent achieved anything yet. (在中国，成绩单上的一个 B 比它周围的所 有 B 更重要。继续工作;你还没有取得任何成就。)”可知中国式的教育重点关注弱项，有不对就强调指出错 误，因此推知作者认为中国式教育强调关注弱项。故选 B项。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“I was frustrated but I was also stubborn;
28、I was determined to show Teacher Liao that I was dui.( 我很沮丧，但我也很固执；我决定让廖老师知道我是对的。)”可知，作者决心在学习的 过程中同时要与廖老师的教学作斗争。选项 A“The writer was struggling with Liaos teaching.”属于合理推 理。故选 A项。 C In the winter of 1664-65, a bitter cold fell on London in the days before Christmas. Above the city, an unusually brigh
29、t comet (彗星) shot across the sky, exciting much prediction of a snow storm. Outside the city wall, a woman was announced dead of a disease that was spreading in that area. Her house was locked up and the phrase “Lord Have Mercy On Us” was painted on the door in red. By the following Christmas, the v
30、irus that had killed the woman would go on to kill nearly 100,000 people living in and around London almost a third of those who did not flee. In The Great Plague (瘟疫), historian A. Lloyd Moote and microbiologist Dorothy C. Moote provide a deeply informed account of this plague year. Reading the boo
31、k, readers are taken from the palaces of the citys wealthiest citizens to the poor areas where the vast majority of Londoners were living, and to the surrounding countryside with those who fled. The Mootes point out that, even at the height of the plague, the city did not fall into chaos. Doctors, n
32、urses and the church staff remained in the city to care for the sick; city officials tried their best to fight the crisis with all the legal tools; and commerce continued even as businesses shut down. To describe life and death in and around London, the authors focus on the experiences of nine indiv
33、iduals. Through their letters and diaries, the Mootes offer fresh descriptions of key issues in the history of the Great Plague: how different communities understood and experienced the disease; how medical, religious, and government bodies reacted; how well the social order held together; the econo
34、mic and moral dilemmas people faced when debating whether to flee the city; and the nature of the material, social, and spiritual resources supporting those who remained. Based on humanity (人性), the authors offer a masterful portrait of a city and its inhabitants attacked by and daringly resisting u
35、nimaginable horror. 8. What can we learn from Paragraph 1? A. A comet always follows a storm. B. London was under an approaching threat. C. London was prepared for the disease. D. The woman was the beginning of the disease. 9. What do the Mootes say about London during the Great Plague? A. The city
36、remained organized. B. The plague spared the rich areas. C. The people tried a lot in vain. D. The majority fled and thus survived. 10. Why do the Mootes focus on the nine individuals? A. They were famous people in history. B. They all managed to survive the Plague. C. They provided vivid stories of
37、 humanity. D. They united by thinking and acting as one. 11. Whats the purpose of this text? A. To introduce a new book. B. To correct a misunderstanding. C. To report a new research. D. To show respect to the authors. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了在 1664年至 1665 年冬天，伦敦地区发生了瘟疫，将近 10万人
38、死于这场 瘟疫。历史学家 A. Lloyd Moote 和微生物学家 Dorothy C. Moote 在大瘟疫这本书中记述了当时人们是 如何应对这场瘟疫的。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“Outside the city wall, a woman was announced dead of a disease that was spreading in that area.( 在城墙外，一名妇女被宣布死于一种正在该地区蔓延的疾病。)”可知一场瘟疫正在逼 近伦敦。故选 B项。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据文章第三段内容“The Mootes point out tha
39、t, even at the height of the plague, the city did not fall into chaos. Doctors, nurses and the church staff remained in the city to care for the sick; city officials tried their best to fight the crisis with all the legal tools; and commerce continued even as businesses shut down.( 慕特斯指出，即 使在瘟疫最严重的时
40、候，这座城市也没有陷入混乱。医生、护士和教会工作人员留在城里照顾病人;市政府 官员尽其所能，动用一切法律手段应对危机;即使企业倒闭，商业仍在继续。)”可知，疫情期间，伦敦并没 有乱作一团，仍然井然有序。故选 A项。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章末尾内容“Based on humanity , the authors offer a masterful portrait of a city and its inhabitants attacked by and daringly resisting unimaginable horror.( 作者以人性为基础，描绘了一个城市 和它的居民
41、被难以想象的恐怖袭击和勇敢抵抗的场景。)”可知，作者集中描述这九个人在疫情期间的活动 是因为他们提供了“人性”的故事。故选 C 项。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍历史学家 A. Lloyd Moote 和微生物学家 Dorothy C. Moote 大瘟疫这本书的内容，因此作者的写作目的应该是介绍这本书。故选 A项。 D Rivers are the veins of the Earth, transporting the water and nutrients (营养物) needed to support the planets ecosystems, in
42、cluding human life. While many nutrients are essential to the survival of life, there is one element transported by water in rivers that holds the key to life and to the future of our planet carbon. Carbon is everywhere and understanding the way it moves and is either released or stored by the Earth
43、 system is a complex science in itself. Carbon starts its journey downstream when natural acid rain, which contains carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, melts minerals in rocks. This helps transform carbon dioxide to bicarbonate (碳酸氢 盐) in the water that then flows in our rivers. This is a very long
44、process, which is one of the main ways carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere. Carbon is transported by rivers to oceans and once that carbon reaches the ocean, it is stored naturally in deep sea sediments (沉淀物) for millions of years. As carbon travels down a river, different processes may im
45、pact whether it continues to flow downstream or whether it is released into the atmosphere. For example, human engineering, like extensive dam construction, will result in dramatic changes to how water and sediments travel down the river. Some carbon that fails to reach the sea may return to the atm
46、osphere in some way, which causes more warming. Earths climate is closely related to the carbon cycle. We all know about the essential role of plants in consuming carbon dioxide, but do we know enough about rivers? Changing the chemistry and the course of rivers may have significant impacts on how t
47、hey transport carbon. Remember: wherever we live, we all live downstream. 12. Where is the carbon in rivers originally from? A. The atmosphere. B. The rocks. C. The acid rain. D. The upstream areas. 13 Why is human engineering mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. To show how important to life carbon is. B.
48、To explain how necessary it is to build dams. C. To show how a natural process is interrupted. D. To explain how humans fight global warming. 14. What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph? A. Wed better move upstream to live. B. We should protect plants along rivers. C. Wed better se
49、ek more help from plants. D. We should be cautious about river management. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. What Humans Do with Rivers B. How Rivers Transporting Carbon Counts C. What the Carbon Cycle Means to Us D. How Living Downstream Affects the Earth 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了河流对于运输碳的重要性以及人类工程对河流的破坏，号召人们要小心 河流的管理。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Carbon starts its journey downstream when natural acid rain, which contains carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, melts minerals in rocks.( 当含有大
