1、GrammarReporting & The Passive() 基础巩固 .单句语法填空 1.It is often said(say) that human beings are naturally equipped to speak. 2.The flu is believed to be caused(cause) by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. 3.Robert is said to be studying(study) abroad，but I dont
2、 know in which country he studies. 4.Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to have been(be) missing since the flood hit the area last Friday. 5.The airport to be completed(complete) next month will help promote tourism in this area. 6.The little monkey is afraid of being abandoned(aba
3、ndon) by its owner. 7.We cant find out the best solution to the problem being discussed(discuss) at the meeting now. 8.In the near future，more advances in the robot technology will be made(make) by scientists. 9.It is said that the man has been accused(accuse) of stealing a computer from the factory
4、. 10.He admitted having lost/losing(lose) the key to the house. .完成句子 11.It is said that the early European playing-cards were designed for entertainment and education. 据说，早期的欧洲人玩的扑克是为娱乐和教育而设计的。 12.His latest book is said to have been translated into Chinese. 他最新出版的书据说已经被翻译成中文了。 13.The cat was being
5、 washed when we gave him a call yesterday. 昨天我们给他打电话时，他正在给猫洗澡。 14.Our monitor reminded us that our homework should be handed in by noon. 班长提醒我们，在中午前上交家庭作业。 15.Having been invited to speak，I will have to start making preparations tomorrow. 因被邀请发言，我不得不明天就开始做准备。 能力提升 .阅读理解 (2018 山西三区八校二模) It has become
6、 a certain belief among the publicdrink at least eight glasses of water a day to improve health and well-being.Bottled water companies often repeat it to increase their sales but it is actually a silly idea.There is no evidence to prove the advantages of drinking eight glasses of water a day，scienti
7、sts say. The misunderstanding is caused from the suggestion that adults should drink 2.5 liters of water daily，which was stressed by the British Medical Journal in December.The important part of the suggestion is that most of this quantity of water is contained in prepared foods，which，however， is us
8、ually ignored. US researchers who reviewed the evidence concluded that most people do not need to worry about the amount of water they drink every day.Besides drinking water，they will be getting plenty of liquid in other ways.Caffeinated drinks such as tea，coffee and cola and alcohol can help reach
9、the daily total if they dont drink too much，though these drinks help the production of urine(尿).Less well known are the dangers of drinking too much water，causing water poisoning， low salt levels and even death. The review of research by Dan Negoianu， from the University of Pennsylvania， found that
10、not a single study included the suggestion of drinking eight glasses of water a day.Although one small study suggested that drinking water could result in fewer headaches，the results were not very important.However， the benefits of drinking some water to prevent a pain in head after drinking too muc
11、h alcohol are，separately，proved to be true. No studies showed any advantages to the color of the skin because of the increased water taken into bodies.Dehydration(脱水)can make skin less pleasant， but there was no clear evidence to support the idea that water helps people keep a youthful appearance.Th
12、e researchers also found no evidence that drinking lots of water does some good to the bodys organs. 语篇解读 本文介绍了一项新的研究结果：人们“每天喝八杯水来保持健康”是一种误导性 的认识，没有证据表明“每天喝八杯水”有什么好处，相反饮水过多会导致水中毒、低盐甚 至死亡。 16.From the passage，we know that the suggestion about drinking eight glasses of water a day . A.causes some seri
13、ous diseases B.has enough scientific evidence to support it C.is misunderstood by people in fact D.was published by the British Medical Journal 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“There is no evidence to prove the advantages of drinking eight glasses of water a day，scientists say.”科学家说没有证据来证明“每天喝八杯水” 的好处，可知选 C。
14、 17.From the passage we learn that many people dont know that . A.the production of urine can cause water to lose B.health can be improved by drinking plenty of water C.better skin can result from the intake of much water D.caffeinated drinks can provide the water people need 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“B
15、esides drinking water，they will be getting plenty of liquid in other ways.Caffeinated drinks such as tea，coffee and cola and alcohol can help reach the daily total.”除了喝水， 人们还能用很多其他方式得到日常所需的水的总量， 诸如茶、 咖啡、 可乐及酒等含咖啡因的饮料。故选 D。 18.What can be proved about drinking a lot of water according to the passage?
16、 A.Reducing the bad influence of drinking alcohol. B.Helping to keep youthful looks. C.Making the bodys organs stronger. D.Causing bad headaches. 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。 根据倒数第二段最后一句“However， the benefits of drinking some water to prevent a pain in head after drinking too much alcohol are，separately，proved to
17、 be true.”可知， 饮酒过多之后喝一些水可以防止头疼却被证明是真的。故答案为 A。 19.The writers main purpose of writing this passage is to . A.persuade people to drink different kinds of water B.tell people drinking much water is not as healthy as is considered C.warn people of the danger of drinking much water D.help people realize
18、the importance of drinking enough water every day 答案 B 解析 写作意图题。本文在第一段点出主题：“Bottled water companies often repeat it to increase their sales but it is actually a silly idea.There is no evidence to prove the advantages of drinking eight glasses of water a day，scientists say.”，下文进行了具体的介绍。故选 B。 .完形填空 (2
19、018 山东德州一模) As I sat motionless on the steps of the pool，watching everyone else swim back and forth，I realized that I had spent most of my life watching others enjoy themselves.It was then that I 20 a little girl staring at me with a look of confusion.I smiled at her，hoping to 21 the ice by talking
20、to her.Unfortunately， my 22 failed and she just kept on staring.My 23 increased as a little boy swam up to me and said，“I feel sorry for you.” After the 24 ，a thought struck me：I had to change 25 the world viewed me.Because it was children who stared at me the most，I decided to write a childrens boo
21、k that taught them about 26 in a fun way.This is when KatGirl， a super hero in a 27 who helps children that are being bullied，came into my mind. I quickly 28 inside my apartment and began creating the story.As I wrote each word，I could 29 my future as a world-renowned author and public speaker.My ex
22、citement 30 like wildfire.Over the next two years，the story 31 many changes before it saw the world in the spring of 2011.My perseverance 32 paid off. One day I was invited to speak to the students at a neighboring school.I confidently wheeled into a classroom filled with students who 33 at me just
23、like the little girl in the pool.“How do you feel when you see me？” I asked them.The kids bravely 34 ，“ I feel sorry for you.” I opened my book and started reading.Immediately I noticed the childrens stares turned to 35 .“ How do you feel when you see me？” I asked again.Without 36 ，they replied， “Yo
24、u are so cool! Does your 37 fly too？” I just smiled，“No，not yet，but maybe some day.” I knew in my heart that this was 38 .The past two years had proven to me that with 39 anything is possible. 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者虽然身体残疾，但是通过写儿童读物这种有趣的方式改 变了孩子们对残疾人的看法。 20.A.suggested B.adopted C.appreciated D.noticed 答案
25、D 解析 suggest 建议；adopt 采用；appreciate 欣赏；notice 注意到。我坐在池边的台阶上看着 别人游来游去的时候，注意到一个小女孩用一种困惑的眼神盯着我。表示“注意到”，故选 D。 21.A.break B.forget C.remove D.deliver 答案 A 解析 break 打破；forget 忘记；remove 移动；deliver 交付。此处指我朝着女孩笑了笑，希望 通过谈话打破沉默，故选 A。 22.A.project B.attempt C.anger D.advice 答案 B 解析 project 工程；attempt 尝试；anger 生
26、气；advice 建议。根据 Unfortunately 和 failed 可知 作者和女孩谈话的尝试失败，故选 B。 23.A.relief B.curiosity C.awkwardness D.encouragement 答案 C 解析 relief 安慰；curiosity 好奇；awkwardness 尴尬；encouragement 鼓励。作者想和女孩谈 话女孩不理睬，另一个男孩过来说为作者感到遗憾，所以此时作者感到很尴尬。故选 C。 24.A.competition B.encounter C.argument D.interview 答案 B 解析 competition 比赛
27、；encounter 邂逅，偶遇；argument 争论；interview 采访。此处指这次 和两个孩子的偶遇之后，作者有了新想法。故选 B。 25.A.what B.when C.how D.why 答案 C 解析 what 什么；when 什么时候；how 如何；why 为什么。此处指作者不得不改变世界对 自己的看法，即世界看自己的方式。故选 C。 26.A.disabilities B.potentials C.paintings D.manners 答案 A 解析 disability 残疾；potential 潜能；painting 图画；manner 礼貌。根据上文作者看别人游泳
28、 及男孩说的“I feel sorry for you.”和下文的“I confidently wheeled into a classroom”可知， 作 者是残疾人，想改变孩子们对残疾的看法。故选 A。 27.A.pool B.wheelchair C.car D.spaceship 答案 B 解析 pool 水池；wheelchair 轮椅；car 汽车；spaceship 宇宙飞船。根据上文作者想写一本儿 童读物，以一种有趣的方式改变孩子们对残疾的看法，可以推出 KatGirl 是一个坐轮椅的女 孩，故选 B。 28.A.wheeled B.walked C.rushed D.race
29、d 答案 A 解析 wheel 滚动轮椅； walk 走； rush 匆忙地做； race 比赛。 根据上文内容和下文“I confidently wheeled into a classroom”可知作者是坐轮椅的残疾人，故选 A。 29.A.regard B.plug C.consider D.picture 答案 D 解析 regard 看待； plug 塞住； consider 考虑； picture 想象， 描绘。 作者写下每一个词的时候， 就想象自己可以成为一个世界知名的作家和演说家。以此来激励自己继续写作，故选 D。 30.A.folded B.spread C.recovere
30、d D.allocated 答案 B 解析 fold 折叠；spread 蔓延；recover 恢复；allocate 分配。有了写作动力，作者的兴奋就像 野火一样蔓延。故选 B。 31.A.summed up B.went through C.looked up D.got around 答案 B 解析 sum up 总结；go through 经历；look up 查阅，仰望；get around 到处走动。在接下来 的两年里，直到 2011 年春天出版前，这个故事经历了多次变化。故选 B。 32.A.generally B.carefully C.eventually D.separat
31、ely 答案 C 解析 generally 通常；carefully 小心地；eventually 最后；separately 单独地。作者的书问世， 作者的坚持最后得到了回报。故选 C。 33.A.called B.sharpened C.laughed D.stared 答案 D 解析 call 打电话； sharpen 削尖； laugh 笑； stare 盯着。 与第一段中的“a little girl staring at me with a look of confusion.”呼应，指学生们和在泳池遇到的小女孩一样盯着坐轮椅的作者，故 选 D。 34.A.responded B.
32、greeted C.agreed D.carved 答案 A 解析 respond 回答，反应；greet 迎接，问候；agree 同意；carve 雕刻。此处指学生们勇敢地 回答作者的问题。故选 A。 35.A.doubts B.jokes C.smiles D.tears 答案 C 解析 doubt 怀疑；joke 笑话；smile 微笑；tear 眼泪。根据孩子们的回答“You are so cool！” 可知，孩子们的眼神由盯着变成了微笑，故选 C。 36.A.hesitation B.discussion C.intention D.imagination 答案 A 解析 hesit
33、ation 犹豫；discussion 讨论；intention 意图；imagination 想象。此处指作者再次提 问时，学生们毫不犹豫回答“你很酷”。故选 A。 37.A.body B.dream C.book D.chair 答案 D 解析 body 身体；dream 梦想；book 书；chair 椅子。根据文意和上文 wheeled 可知是孩子们 问作者的轮椅会不会飞。故选 D。 38.A.funny B.strange C.considerate D.true 答案 D 解析 funny 有趣的；strange 奇怪的；considerate 体贴的；true 真实的。作者知道在
34、自己心里 这是真实的，这是作者真实的想法。故选 D。 39.A.generosity B.determination C.finance D.harmony 答案 B 解析 generosity 慷慨；determination 决心；finance 资金；harmony 协调。过去的两年向我证 明了只要有决心，任何事情都是有可能的。故选 B。 .语法填空 A graduation speech given by Chief Justice John Roberts became a talking point after the Washington Post published it. R
35、oberts 40. (address) his sons ninth grade graduating class.He advised the young graduates 41. (take) lifes setbacks in their stride(从容地).But he did not wish 42. (they) good luck. “Now，the speakers will typically also wish you good luck and extend good 43. (wish) to you.I will not do that，and I will
36、tell you why，” Roberts said. “From time to time，in the years to come，I hope you will be treated 44. (unfair)， so that you will come to know the value of justice.Sorry to say，but I hope you will be lonely from time to time， so that you dont take friends 45. granted.I wish you bad luck again， from tim
37、e to time，so that you will be conscious of the role of chance in life and understand your success is not completely deserved and 46. the failure of others is not completely deserved either.” He continued， “I hope you 47. (ignore)， so you know the importance of listening to others,48. I hope you will
38、 have just enough pain to learn compassion.” In the end，each graduate received a pocket-size copy of the Constitution 49. (sign) by Roberts. 语篇解读 本文介绍了一位父亲在儿子九年级毕业典礼上与众不同的演讲。 40.答案 addressed 解析 考查动词的时态。根据第一段可知，此处是发生在过去的动作，故用一般过去时。 41.答案 to take 解析 考查非谓语动词。advise sb.to do sth.劝说某人做某事。 42.答案 them 解析 考
39、查代词的用法。此处位于及物动词后，应该用人称代词宾格。 43.答案 wishes 解析 考查名词的单复数。此处的 wish 用作可数名词，根据下文可知，不止一个祝愿，故用 复数形式。 44.答案 unfairly 解析 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词 treated，故用副词形式。 45.答案 for 解析 考查介词的用法。take.for granted 认为理所当然。 46.答案 that 解析 考查连接词的用法。此处 and 连接两个并列的宾语从句，第二个宾语从句用 that 引导 且不能省略。 47.答案 will be ignored 解析 考查动词的时态和语态。 句意为： 我希望你们会
40、被忽视。 故用一般将来时的被动语态。 48.答案 and 解析 考查连词的用法。此处连接两个并列的 I hope 句型。 49.答案 signed 解析 考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词短语作后置定语，又由 Constitution 和 sign 之间为 逻辑上的被动关系，也可根据空后的 by“被”判断，故用过去分词。 .微写作 写作素材(关于灌溉工程) 1.经过顾问们的仔细考虑，人们采纳了将此灌溉工程建在山区的建议。 2.将此工程建在山区除了可以解决干旱问题，对于生态环境的保护也能起到一定的作用。 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇 50 词左右的英语短文) After careful consideration of the consultants，people adopted the suggestion that this irrigation project be constructed in the mountainous area.In this way，apart from solving the drought problem，it could play a part in protecting the ecological environment.
