1、北京市2019年中考英语试卷考生须知1. 本试卷共10页，共五道大题，39道小题，满分60分，考试时问90分钟。2. 在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4. 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5. 考试结束，请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。知识运用(共1 4分)一、单项填空(共6分，每小题0.5分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I cant wait to see .
2、 A. her B. him C. it D. them2. We planted some flowers .the garden yesterday. A. on B. to C. in D. of3. Excuse me, .is this T-shirt? Its 88 yuan. A. how much B. how many C. how long D. how old4. Lily, _ you finish the letter in ten minutes? Yes, I can. A. must B. should C. need D. can5. This cap is
3、nice, .it doesnt look good on me. A. for B. so C. but D. or6. Julie takes good care of the family dog. She is .than her brother. A. patient B. more patient C. most patient D. the most patient7. Sam .with his friends every weekend. A. skates B. is skating C. has skated D. was skating8. Tom, whats you
4、r dad doing? He .my bike. A. repairs B. will repair C. has repaired D. is repairing9. Our school life .a lot since 2017. We have more activities now, A. changes B. changed C. will change D, has changed 10. If you want to visit the Palace Museum, I .tickets for you tomorrow. A. will book B. booked C.
5、 have booked D, was booking11. My advice on how to save paper .by my class last Monday. A. accepts B. accepted C. was accepted D. is accepted12. Did you notice . in her office? Yes. She was going over our writing. A. what was Miss Lin doing B. what Miss Lin was doing C. what does Miss Lin do D. what
6、 Miss Lin does二、完形填空(共8分，每小题1分)阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Run for Class PresidentTwo months ago, when our class election(选举) started, I decided to run for class president. I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people, so I felt it easy to win. But I was 13 .that peo
7、ple would feel bad for me if I lost.I was busy preparing in the following week. My plan wasnt to make promises to do things I couldnt 14 but to show my class why I wanted to be president. I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I
8、was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem. Since I was 15 prepared, I felt that my chances of winning were strong.However, when I gave my speech on Election Day, the response (反应) wasnt what I had 16 . Few people actually listened. When it was my opponents (对手的)turn, everyone was sc
9、reaming his name. His speech was short, but all to the point. By then, I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer.It was obvious who would 17 . For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through.My 18 was right: I didnt win.The next
10、day, people were still talking about the election. I just pretended (假装) not to hear. But later, things got better. People 19 about the election and talked to me just as they did before.I dont regret putting time and energy into the election because Ive learned that things arent always going the way
11、 I expect. And moments of failure like this build 20 since then Ive learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.13. A. bored B. afraid C. excited D. hopeful14. A. compare B. remember C. manage D. repeat15. A. fully B. quickly C. freshly D. physically16. A. feared B. faced C. mentioned D. pictu
12、red17. A. insist B. return C. wait D. win18. A. suggestion B. prediction C. direction D. introduction19. A. forgot B. wrote C. cared D. discussed20. A. trust B. pride C. character D. support阅读理解(共36分)三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。(共26分，每小题2分)AExperiencing ChinaMike, CanadaI spent thre
13、e months with my host family(接待家庭) in China. It was a lifetime experience. I was able to experience Chinese living and culturefrom basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera. I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital. Now I have a better understanding of Chinese culture.Joanna, AustraliaI st
14、ayed with my host family for five months. My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted. With her helpmy Chinese has improved a lot. And I have got used to a new culture. My favorite part of the experience was sharing my feelings in China with her.Bill, AmericaMy host mother is
15、a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes. They are tasty and I like them very much. Just like memy host parents love to learn about different cultures. They often ask me questions about life in America.Cindy, GermanyRecently I took part in a program to study Chinese. I
16、lived with a host family in China for six months. My host sister is a really hardworking student. It was amazing to see how she made progress in English. And a close relationship has developed between us.21. Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital? A. Mike. B. Joanna. C. Bill. D. Cindy.2
17、2. How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China? A. Three months. B. Four months. C. Five months. D. Six months.23. Cindy thinks her host sister is . A. a wonderful cook B. a responsible doctor C. a warm-hearted teacher D. a hardworking studentBBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anyt
18、hing else. This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. So she asked her dad for help.“Well,” he said. “How about this: you do some research first and then come back to me with a design.”A week later, Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named her go-kart “B
19、lue Lightning”. Dad looked over her work, thinking. “Well, thats interesting,” he said. “Have a try. Just build Blue Lightning as youve designed.”Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test driv
20、e. Sally agreed.After she did that, Sally drove back to Dad. “Well,” she said. “Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive.”“Oh, do you?” he said. “Please share.”“When I drove fast, there was a lot of pushback,” she said. “I think its because of the lightning bolt (闪电) shape.”“Very good!” Dad
21、 said.“So, why didnt you tell me about that problem in the first place?” Sally asked.Dad laughed. “Wheres the fun in that? If you give a man a fish, hell eat for a day. But if you teach a man to fish, hell eat for a lifetime.”Sally said, “I see. Anyway, designing is half the fun !”Dad smiled. “Good.
22、 Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.”That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder. When she showed Dad her new go-kart, he nodded with pride.Finally came the race. Sally wasnt worried
23、about whether she would winin her mind, she had already won, by building something better than ever before.24. Sally thought of building a go-kart to . A. practice driving B. enter for a race C. play with friends D. do some research25. What did Sallys dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart? A
24、. To have a test drive. B. To take a good rest. C. To give it a cool name. D. To paint it light blue.26. Sallys story mainly tells us that . A. winning a race is important B. fishing brings us a lot of fun C. driving experience is necessary D. learning happens during the processCSometimes it seems t
25、hat time is flying. Perhaps it doesnt need to feel this way. Our experience of time can be possibly changed. By understanding the psychological (心理学的) processes behind our different experiences of time, we might be able to slow down time a little.One basic law of psychological time is that time seem
26、s to slow down when were exposed(接触) to new environments and experiences. The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process. The more information our minds take in, the slower time seems to pass.It follows, then, that we have differe
27、nt experiences of time in different situations. In some situations, our life is full of new experiences. Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down. In other situations, we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar(熟悉的). We become insen
28、sitive to our experience, which means we process less information, and time seems to speed up.How can we slow down time? Here are two suggestions.Firstly, since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster, we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible. We can give ourselves new
29、challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills. This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand (增加) our experience of time.Secondly, and perhaps most effectively, we can give our whole attention to an experience-to what we are seei
30、ng, feeling, tasting, smelling or hearing. This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts. For example, on the way home, focus your attention outside of yourself, instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with. Look at the sky, or at the buildings you pass, trave
31、ling among them. This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect.To a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of time passing. Its possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time.27. According to th
32、e writer, we can expand our experience of time by . A. going to bed on time B. traveling to new places C. having dinner as usual D. printing the same materials28. What can we learn from the passage? A. Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information. B. Understanding psychological
33、 time makes life pass more quickly. C. We can take in more information by living through our senses. D. We should build a stronger relationship between time and us.29. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Slow Down Time B. Only Time Will Tell C. Race Against Time D. Tim
34、e Will Not Come TwiceDHow Much Can We Afford to Forget?In 2018, Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have more space for creative activities. As the Internet grows more powerful, students can a
35、ccess (获得) knowledge easily. Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads? Civilizations（文明）develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In the Agricultural（农业的）Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When societies industrialized, the kno
36、wledge of farming could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines give us access to most human knowledge. Itseems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter? Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen. For one,human beings have biases（偏见），and smart machines ar
37、e likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective,but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring processIn the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers. Another problem relates to the ease of accessing informat
38、ion. When there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief-
39、the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along. In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence, we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of r
40、elations our well-being（健康）depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results. Without food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold.And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age. We forget old ways to free up time and spac
41、e for new skillsAs long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be found when we need them, perhaps theyre not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we gradually but unquestionably become strangers to future people.30Why are smart machines likely to increase
42、 our biases? A Because they go off course in testing and scoring. B Because we control the training process on them， C Because we offer them too much information. D Because they overuse the provided answers.31 The ease of accessing information from the Internet A. frees us from making efforts to lea
43、rn new skills B. prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speed Cmisleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledge D separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines32The word collapse in Paragraph 5 probably means， A a sudden failure B the basic rule C a disappointing star
44、t D. the gradual development33What is the writers main purpose in writing this passage? A To question about the standards of information storage. B To discuss our problems of communication with machines. C To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability. D To remind us of the risk of de
45、pending on machines to remember.四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分） Huge Waves Destroying Arctic Ice Faster than Expected Ice covers much of the Arctic Ocean（北冰洋）Some pieces of ice are huge, like moving islands. As temperatures have increased, however, some of the ice has begun to disappear. Scientists h
46、ave discovered huge waves（海浪）in the arctic waters. The waves were discovered by accident in May, 2010Scientist Aleksey Marchenko and his students set out on a trip. They wanted to study the icy waters. On May 2, the ship traveled east and stopped next to a large chunk of ice .around 50 miles from th
47、e small island of Hopen.Marchenko prepared to lead his students out onto the Ice We were ready to go but when I went out, I discovered many cracks（裂缝）around, he remembers. He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe. The farther in they went, he thought, the harder the ice would become. As they pushed forward,however, the ship experienced small waves, and then bigger onesSoon, the w
