1、Period Seven GrammarPrepositions (time，place & movement) & Relative clauses()感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题(一)1.During his lifetime，he developed the tradition of combining poetry with painting.2Between 1933 and 1940，he held several exhibitions in Asia and Europe to promote Chinese art.3He also used different sha
2、des of grey in a creative way to show the sweat along the horses body.4Then between 1902 and 1909，he travelled across the country and painted many pictures of scenery.5The tiny insect near the cabbage has some red on its back.6In 1997，one of his paintings sold for US $503,000.7In the painting，a youn
3、g woman sits alone and is deep in thought.8Her hand holding the fan is elegantly positioned above her knees.1.表示时间的介词有：句 1 中的 during，句 2 中的 between，句 6 中的 in。2表示地点的介词有：句 5 中的 near，句 7 中的 in，句 8 中的 above。3表示动作的介词有：句 3 中的 along，句 4 中的 across。(二)1Chen Zijiang is a papercutting expert whom I interviewed
4、 for my article on Chinese Art.2Papercutting is something that he learned to do from an early age.3Paper cuts of animals have been found in tombs which date back to the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty!4A young farmer who wanted a wife would look at a young womans papercutting skills before
5、 marrying her!5Mr Chen went on to explain that there are three types of paper cuts which people still make today.6A present for parents whose child has recently been born might show a paper cut of children，for example.7Paper cuts which show the Chinese character for double happiness are often used t
6、o celebrate weddings.8People to whom the dead person was related would make these offerings on special days and during festivals.1.定语从句可以用来修饰和限定正在被谈论的人，如句 1 的 expert，句 4 的 farmer，句 6的 parents，句 8 的 people；或修饰和限定正在被谈论的物如句 2 的 something，句 3 的tombs，句 5 的 paper cuts，句 7 的 paper cuts。2在定语从句中要用下列关系代词：(1)用
7、来指代人的有：who(在从句中作主语如句 4 或宾语)，whom( 在从句中作宾语如句 1 和句 8)，that(在从句中作主语或宾语)。(2)用来指代物的有：which/that( 在从句中作主语如句 3、句 7 或宾语如句 2 和句 5)。(3)用来表示所属关系的有：whose (在从句中作定语如句 6)。3若关系代词 which，that 或 who/whom 在从句中作宾语而不作主语时，可以省略(如句1、句 2 和句 5)一、表示时间、地点和动作的介词(一)表示时间的介词的区别1at，in 和 onat 后接时间点，即“在”钟点、(做某事的) 时刻等，如 at 8 oclock，at
8、noon 等。in 后接时间段，即“在”较长的一段时间内，如 in the morning，in the future 等。on 后接特定的日子、具体的日期、星期几、节日等。如 on Monday，on Christmas morning等。2since 和 from“since时间点 ”意为“自从(过去某时)以来” ，表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程，常与现在完成时连用。from 表示从时间的某一点开始，不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。We have not seen each other since 1995.自从 1995 年以来我们彼此未曾见面。I hope t
9、o do morning exercises from today.我希望从今天开始晨练。(二)表示地点的介词的区别1表示地理位置的 in，on 和 toin 表示在某范围内，通常指大地方。 on 指“在之上” ，强调和表面接触；还表示毗邻，接壤(是相邻关系)；to 指在某环境范围之外，强调不接壤，不相邻。Changchun is in the northeast of China.长春在中国的东北部。Guangdong Province is on the southeast of Guangxi.广东省在广西省的东南边。Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国
10、的东边。2in front of 和 in the front ofin front ofbefore，指在某物体外部的前面； in the front of 指在某物体内部的前面。There is a tree in front of the classroom.教室前面有一棵树。The boy sat in the front of the car.男孩坐在车的前部。(三)表示动作的介词的区别1表示“穿过”的 through 和 acrossthrough 表示从内部通过，与 in 有关；across 则表示从一端至另一端从表面上通过，与 on有关。Water flows through
11、the pipe.水从水管里流出。The lake was frozen，so we walked across the ice.湖水结冰了，所以我们从冰上走了过去。2into 和 ininto 表示动向，不表示目的地或位置；in 通常表示位置。We walked into the park.我们走进公园。We walked in the park.我们在公园里走着。in 和 drop，fall，put，throw，break 等终止性动词连用时，也可以表示动向。I have put the coin in(into) my pocket.我已把硬币放进衣袋。二、定语从句()在复合句中，修饰某
12、一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫作定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代或修饰先行词，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有 that，which，who，whom，whose 等；关系副词有when，where ， why 等。(一)关系代词的用法1that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。通常在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.(that 作宾语)我放在桌子上的那件外套
13、是蓝色的。2which 用于指物，通常在句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.(which 作主语)位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。3who，whom 用于指人，who 用作主语、宾语，whom 用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who 代替 whom，也可省略。The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.(who 作主语)经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。Do you
14、know the man (who/whom) they are talking about？(who/whom 作宾语)你认识他们正在谈论的那个人吗？注意：在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用 whom，不用 who。He is a man from whom we are all ready to learn.他是我们大家都愿意向他学习的人。4whose 既可用于指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。Please pass me the book whose cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。(二)关系词用 that 不用 which 的情况1当先行词被序数词或形容词最
15、高级修饰，或本身是序数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用 which。This is the most interesting story that I have ever read.这是我读过的最有趣的故事。2当先行词为 all，any，much，everything ，anything ，none，something ，nothing 等不定代词时，只能用 that，而不用 which。All that can be done has been done.一切能做的都已经做完了。3当先行词被 all，any，much，little，few，the only，the very，the
16、 last 等词修饰时，只能用 that，而不用 which。Music is the only thing that interests me.音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。4当先行词里同时含有人和物时，只能用 that，而不用 which。In her composition she described the people and places that impressed her most.她在作文中描述了使她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。(三)关系词用 which 不用 that 的情况1先行词本身为 that 时，用 which，而不用 that。Whats that which fla
17、shed in the sky just now?刚才在天空中一闪而过的是什么东西？2关系代词前有介词时，用 which 而不用 that。The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop.我过去住过的房子现在已经变成了一家鞋店。3引导非限制性定语从句，用 which，而不用 that。He has a walk every night，which does good to him.他每晚都散步，这对他有好处。(四)关系词宜用 who 不宜用 that 的情况1当先行词是指人的不定代词时，如：one，ones，anyone。Any
18、one who does that must be mad.谁那样做都一定是疯了。2当先行词是 I，you，he，they 等人称代词时(常用于谚语中)。He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。3当先行词为指人的 those 时。Those who have good manners will be highly respected.那些有礼貌的人会受到人们的高度尊重。4在 there be 结构中，先行词是指人的名词时。There is a young man who wants to see you.有一个年
19、轻人想见你。.用适当的介词填空1It allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.(2017全国)2But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s.(2016全国)3The mother continued to care for the young panda for more than two years.(2016四川)4The stu
20、dy suggests that the cultures we grow up in influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us.(2016浙江) 5The little pupil took his grandma by the arm and walked her across the street.(2015陕西).用适当的关系代词填空1The government started a soiltesting program that/which gives specific fertilizer(
21、肥料) recommendations to farmers. (2018全国)2Many westerners who/that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.(2018浙江)3She and her family bicycle to work，which helps them keep fit.(2018北京)4Kate，whose sister I shared a room with when we we
22、re at college，has gone to work in Australia.(2018天津)5Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both，which is not good for the health.(2017全国)6Sarah ，who has taken part in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017全国).单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )1They also had
23、 a small pond 或 they raised fish.(2018全国，短文改错) in whichwhere2It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle the road.onof(2017全国，短文改错)3In their spare time，they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden， is on the thatwhichrooftop of their house.(2017全国，短文改错)4Around me in
24、the picture are the things were very important in my life at that theywhich/thattime：car magazines and musical instruments.(2017全国，短文改错)5Now I am leaving home college.(2016全国，短文改错)tofor6The dishes 或 what I cooked were Moms favorite.(2016四川，短文改错)whatwhich/that7While they chatted，my father would lift
25、my sister and me up to sit the top of the fridge.inon(2016浙江，短文改错)8Tony saw a toy a shop window.(2015全国，短文改错)onin.用适当的介词填空1He left school at the age of sixteen.2My sister was born in February 1990.3I shall go on working until next week.4The hotel is between two subway stations.5A bird flew into my b
26、edroom this morning.6Be careful enough while walking across the street.用 that，which ，who，whom，whose 填空7The earthquake that/which hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.8We dont know the number of people who/that lost their homes in the disaster.9The only thing that is wrong with th
27、is is what my brother said to me the other day.10The first museum that he visited in China was the History Museum.11Shes the lady whom/that/who we met yesterday.12The film that/which you are looking forward to seeing will be on tomorrow.13He asked about the factories and workers that we had just vis
28、ited.14The building whose doors are green is an office building.15One of the boys kept laughing，which annoyed Jane.基础巩固.用适当的介词填空1This exhibition starts on 1 July at the Newman Gallery in Dinham and ends on 15 September.2At 600 pm on Friday 3 July there will be a talk on Chinese painting by Dr Alison
29、 Enwright.3In August there will be lectures on Chinese culture.4He was in hospital for six weeks during the summer.5The chart shows the time spent by UK residents on different types of telephone calls between 1995 and 2002.6We all admired the beautiful view while driving along the coast.7They walked
30、 across the playground and came to the dining room.8I walked through the forest，tired and hungry.用适当的关系词填空9The work that/which has just been finished is very important.10This is the book that/which I want to read.11She is the girl that/who/whom I teach.12This is the house whose window was broken las
31、t night.13The exact year which Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.14In this earthquake，the number of people who/that lost homes reached as many as 250,000.15I bought a great many books，on which I spent all my money that I saved.16Do you have anything that you dont understand?17Id
32、 like a room whose windows face the sea.18Those who have any difficulty with pronunciation should practise more.能力提升.阅读理解Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history？Many people would think of Confucius，whose birthday was September 28.Although he lived over 2,000 years ago，people still remember an
33、d respect him for his contributions to the education today.Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu，which lies in Shandong Province.He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period.He had a hard childhood.His father died when he was only 3.His mother brought him up.As a child，he had to work to help his moth
34、er，but young Confucius didnt give up studying.He visited many famous teachers and learned music，history，poetry and sports.Later， he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history.At that time only children from noble families could go to school，but Confucius believed everyon
35、e should go to school if they wanted to learn.He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.Today， people still follow Confucius lessons.He told us that we all have something worthy to be learned.“When I am with three people，one of them must be better than me in some areas.I choose their good qualitie
36、s and follow them.”He also taught us that thinking is very important in study.“All study but no thinking makes people puzzled.All thinking but no study makes people lazy.”Confucius is not only a great teacher，but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society.His most important
37、 teachings are about kindness and good manners.“A person should be strict with himself， but be kind to others.” he said.语篇解读 这是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了伟大的教育家、思想家孔子的生平和他对教育的贡献。他的“三人行，必有我师焉” “学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆” “严以律己，宽以待人”的思想至今还对世人很有教育意义。19Today we still remember Confucius mainly because .Ahe lived a poor life in his
38、 childhoodBhe traveled with his students from state to stateChe had wise thoughts and great views about educationDhe lived during the Spring and Autumn Period答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Although he lived over 2,000 years ago，people still remember and respect him for his contributions to the education today
39、.”可知，今天我们仍然记得孔子，主要是因为他有明智的思想和伟大的教育观点。故选 C。20Confucius learned music，history，poetry and sports as a child.Aby visiting many famous teachersBwith the help of his motherCby going to schoolDby teaching himself at home答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He visited many famous teachers and learned music，history，poetry
40、 and sports.”可知，他拜访了许多名师并学会了音乐、历史、诗歌和体育。故选 A。21The underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 has the closest meaning to “ ”Acute Bbright Cpoor Dwealthy答案 D解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的意思“当时只有来自 noble 家庭的孩子才能上学，但孔子认为每个人都应该去上学如果他们想学习” ，由此可以推测出 noble(贵族的，高贵的)与wealthy(富裕的)意思最接近。故选 D。.七选五Five Tips for Safe RunningWe a
41、ll know that exercise is good for our health.But some kinds of exercise may be better than others.Running，for example，may help to protect against heart disease and other health problems.Running is good exercise，but it can be hard on the body. 22 Take it easy.Do not run too much，too soon or too fast.
42、Most people get running injuries when they push themselves too bad.The body needs time to get used to increases in distance or speed. 23 Listen to your body.Most running injuries do not come unexpectedly. 24 They may include body aches，sore muscles(肌肉酸痛) and pain that does not go away.25 There is no
43、 single best shoe for every runner.You should find the shoes that offer the best fit and support for your feet.More importantly，you should replace your shoes every 500 to 800 kilometers.Take good notes.Take time after each run to write down what you did and how you felt.Look for patterns，things that
44、 happen over and over again.These notes will help you find the best exercise for you.Cross train.As we said earlier，running is hard on your body.So physical fitness experts suggest some form of cross training to improve muscle balance and to help you stay injury free.They say swimming，yoga，and ridin
45、g a bicycle are good exercises to combine with running. 26 AGet good running shoes.BUsually，there are warning signs.CRunning may also help you live longer.DThese exercises are easier on the body.EMuscles and joints(关节) need time to recover.FAs advertisements for the running shoes Nike say， “Just do
46、it.”GHere are five ideas to reduce the risk of injury.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，众所周知，跑步是一项不错的锻炼，它可以帮助预防心脏病和其他一些健康问题的发生。但它也是很耗费体力的一项运动。本文就如何减少跑步受伤的风险给出了五点建议。22答案 G解析 根据前文“but it can be hard on the body”以及后文提出的一些建议可知，选项 G(这里有五个减少受伤风险的方法。)符合语境。故选 G。23答案 E解析 根据空前一句可知，身体需要时间来适应距离或者速度的增加，而选项 E(肌肉和关节需要时间恢复。)对上一句进行进一步的解释，符合语境。故选 E。24答案 B解析 根据空前的内容可知，我们要注意倾听我们的身体，大多数跑步受的伤不是突然来的，而选项 B(通常，身体会给我们一些小的警示信号。)承接上文。故选 B。25答案 A解析 根据后文的描述可知，一双好的跑步鞋对于跑步来说很重要，而选项 A(买一双好的舒服的跑鞋。)符合语境。故选 A。26答案 D解析 根据上文中的“running is hard on your body”及健康专家推荐的能够促进肌肉平衡和不受损伤的运动可知，D 项 (这些运动对身体而言更容易。 )符合语境。
