1、Period Four Grammar Present perfect tense感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题1It has been six years since we last saw each other.2You know，I have seen quite a lot of China and I have visited some beautiful cities.3Yes ，they have just completed it!4They have put up a lot of highrise buildings recently.5Our earth has be
2、en polluted heavily so far.现在完成时的构成为：have/has过去分词。现在完成时表示到目前为止已经完成的动作或存在的状态，它强调的是结果，而不是动作。现在完成时的构成为：have/has过去分词。一、现在完成时的用法1表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。可以表示最近完成的动作，也可以表示经历或经验。常与 already，just ，recently，so far，up to now，till now，ever，never 等连用。I have already finished all the work.我已经完成了所有的工作。Mr Smith
3、has just left.史密斯先生刚离开。注意：现在完成时与一般过去时的用法区别：(1)现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。连用的时间状语与现在的时间有关，不与表示过去的时间状语连用。(2)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在的情况没有关系。与表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday，last year，in the past，ago 等。I lived in London for two years.我在伦敦住过两年。(现在不在伦敦 )I have lived in London for two years.我在伦敦已住了两年了。(现在还在伦敦 )2表示
4、过去已经开始、持续到现在(可能还会继续进行下去) 的动作或状态，常和表示一段时间的状语连用，如：for，since，these days，this year，now 等。We have been good friends since we were very young.我们从小就是好朋友。Mary went to Japan last year.And I have not heard from her ever since.玛丽去年去了日本，从那以后我就再也没有收到过她的来信了。注意：表示短暂意义的动词(动作不能持续) 如arrive， begin，borrow ，buy， come，di
5、e，join，leave 等，其现在完成时的肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，需要时要用相应的表示延续状态的动词替换。Error!Error!Error!3在时间、条件等状语从句中，代替将来完成时。Once you have promised，you should keep it.你一旦许下诺言，就务必遵守。As long as you have cleaned all the windows，you are allowed to play.只要你把所有的窗户擦完，你就可以玩了。二、几种常见句型1It is/has been一段时间since.It is/has been two weeks
6、 since we arrived here.自从我们到这里已经有两个星期了。It is/has been quite some time since I was last in London.我不在伦敦已经很长时间了。2This/It is the first/second/.time (that)这是某人第一 /二/次做某事。This is the first time I have been here.这是我第一次到这里来。It was the fifth time you had visited the Summer Palace.那是你第五次参观颐和园了。单句语法填空1Since 2
7、011，the country has grown(grow) more corn than rice.(2018全国)2While regularly eating out seems to have become(become) common for many young people in recent years，its not without a cost.(2018浙江)3Chinas highspeed railways have grown(grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.(2018北京)4
8、I have read(read) half of the English novel，and Ill try to finish it at the weekend.(2016北京)5Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement has been reached(reach) so far by the two sides.(2015天津)6How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?Well，the media have covered
9、(cover) it in a variety of forms.(2014江苏)7When I first met Bryan I didnt like him，but I have changed(change) my mind.(2013新课标全国)单句语法填空1Mr Yang is not at home.He has gone(go) to Shanghai on business.2A lecture on the computer has been given(give) three times by Mr Zhang already.3This is the most inte
10、resting party that I have enjoyed(enjoy)4Cathy hasn t phoned(not，phone) her mother since she went to Berlin.5It is the first time that he has left(leave) his country.6My parents have promised(promise) to come to see me before I leave for Africa.7I was out of town at that time，so I dont know exactly
11、how it happened(happen)8Oh no！Were too late.The train has left(leave)Thats OK.Well catch the next train to London.9You shouldnt leave school before you have finished(finish) your homework.10I havent heard from Henry for a long time.What do you suppose has happened(happen) to him?11You dont need to d
12、escribe her.I have met(meet) her several times.12So far this year we have seen(see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.13By the time you have finished(finish) your homework，it will be too late to go there.14In the past five years，I have travelled(travel) to Jiangsu twice.15He came(co
13、me) in 2001.He has been(be) a teacher for over 18 years.基础巩固.用所给词的正确形式填空1His first novel has received(receive) good reviews since it came out last month.2Jim has finished(finish) doing his homework already.He is free now.3The famous writer has written(write) one new book in the past two years.4I hav
14、ent decided (decide) yet whether to take part in the competition.5The old woman doesnt want to move because she has lived (live) in the cottage for 30 years.6Every possible means has been used(use) to prevent the air pollution，but the sky is still not clear.7He is the only one of the students who ha
15、s been (be) a winner of scholarship for three years.8This is the third time I have seen(see) you eating chocolate today.完成句子9I have been to Nanjing twice.我已经去过南京两次。10Up to now Jack has helped some children from poor countries all over the world.到现在为止，杰克已经帮助了来自全世界的贫穷国家的孩子们。11There has been little cha
16、nge in the patients condition since he was sent to hospital.自从这个病人被送进医院以来，他的病情没有太大改变。12She has become more and more impatient since she got married to him.自从她与他结婚以来，她变得越来越没有耐心。.句型转换13I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句)I have not been to Macau before.14We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句
17、)We have learned English for three years.15Mr Li began to teach English in this school in 1999.(改为同义句)Mr Li has taught English in this school since 1999.16His company was closed in 2003.( 改为同义句)His company has been closed since 2003.能力提升.完形填空One day last June，Clifford Luther served a burger and frie
18、s to a man passing through his restaurant，Old West Express，in Saskatchewan，Canada.Two 17 later，the man 18 and wrote him a check(支票) for 510,000.“I thought，they were good burgers and fries， 19 they werent that good， ” Luther told CTV News.The 20 man was Bob Erb of British Columbia，who won Canadas 25
19、million Lotto Max jackpot(头奖) in November 2012 and has been giving money to people 21 .Hes donated(捐献) his 22 to food banks，the old people，and some organizations，and he 23 20 people in Terrace，his hometown，to get necessary care they couldnt 24 .While giving the burger that first afternoon，Luther 25
20、Erb that his 25yearold daughter had just got cancer in Vancouver，about 1,000 miles away.“He and I had a 26 experience.One of my children had cancer，too.But he died four years ago.So，I know the 27 a parent has， ” says Erb.“I 28 on the way home Id 29 him some money so he could go to see his 30 .”Two d
21、ays later when Erb was on his way back to British Columbia，he 31 the restaurant for another burger，which Luther 32 to buy him because Erb had tipped(给小费) him well just two days ago.Erb said “no way” and asked the restaurant owner for a 33 ，then wrote the check and left it on the table.“Luther looked
22、 at the 34 and couldnt say anything.He just held his arms out， ” Erb says.Erb,60， 35 works on a building site(建筑工地) parttime and hasnt 36 twice about the 7 million hes given to his family，friends，and society.“If you have enough to feed yourself，you help others out ， ” he says.语 篇 解 读 本 文 是 一 篇 记 叙 文
23、 。文 章 主 要 介 绍 了 一 个 心 胸 宽 广 的 人 及 其 善 举 。17A.hours BdaysCweeks Dmonths答案 B解析 根据倒数第二段中的“Two days later when Erb was on his way back to.”可知，鲍勃厄尔布两天后又来到了餐馆。18A.returned BbelievedCagreed Dchanged答案 A解析 参见上题解析。19A.because BsoCand Dbut答案 D解析 “they were good burgers and fries”和“they werent that good”之间为转折关
24、系。20A.lucky BproudCkind Dfunny答案 C解析 根据上文的“wrote him a check(支票) for 510,000”以及下文提到“开出这张巨额支票是为了帮助卢瑟”可知，厄尔布心地善良。21A.in need Bon dutyCin the dark Dout of work答案 A解析 根据下文的“food banks，the old people”等可知，鲍勃厄尔布把自己的钱捐给需要帮助的人。22A.food BclothesCmoney Dblood答案 C解析 根据上文的“has been giving money to”可知。23A.helped
25、BallowedCinvited Dencouraged答案 A解析 联系上下文可知，厄尔布出钱帮助了家乡那些付不起医疗费的人接受必要的治疗。24A.forget BrefuseCafford Ddiscover答案 C解析 参见上题解析。25A.wrote BtoldCtaught Dadvised答案 B解析 餐馆的员工卢瑟在给厄尔布端汉堡包时，聊到自己的女儿患有癌症。26A.different BsuccessfulCstrange Dsimilar答案 D解析 根据下文的“One of my children had cancer，too.”可知，厄尔布和卢瑟有着相似的经历。27A.e
26、xpectations BworriesCwarnings Dchoices答案 B解析 子女患有癌症，当父母的肯定很担心。28A.answered BexplainedCdecided Dlearned答案 C解析 厄尔布在回家的路上就决定要给卢瑟一笔钱。29A.pay BmailClend Dleave答案 D解析 参见上题解析。30A.friend BbossCson Ddaughter答案 D解析 根据上文的“his 25yearold daughter had just got cancer”可知。31A.stopped at Bworked atCbroke in Dclosed
27、down答案 A解析 根据接下来描写在餐馆发生的事可知，厄尔布在餐馆稍作停留。32A.failed BofferedCcontinued Dproved答案 B解析 根据下文的“because Erb had tipped(给小费) him well just two days ago”可知，卢瑟想为厄尔布买一个汉堡包。33A.pen BtableCjob Ddrink答案 A解析 根据下文的“wrote the check”可知，厄尔布向餐馆的老板要了一支笔。34A.restaurant BburgerCletter Dcheck答案 D解析 根据上文的“check”可知，卢瑟看到巨额支票时
28、激动得说不出话来。35A.still BonceCsoon Deven答案 A解析 虽然自己已经中了两千五百万美元的大奖，但厄尔布还在一家建筑工地干兼职工作。36A.lied BthoughtCcried Dprepared答案 B解析 通读全文可知，厄尔布很爽快地就将自己的钱分给了大家，没有前思后想。.语法填空Last week，we celebrated my parents fiftieth wedding anniversary(周年纪念日)This morning，they left on a long trip to Hawaii.They were as 37. (excite)
29、 as if it were their honeymoon(蜜月 )When my parents married，they had only enough money for a threeday trip fifty miles from home.They made an 38. (agree) that each day they would put a dollar in a special metal box and save it for a honeymoon in Hawaii for their fiftieth anniversary.Dad was a policem
30、an，and Mom was a school teacher.They lived in a small house and did all 39. (they) own repairs.Raising five children was a challenge，and sometimes money was short,40. no matter what emergency came up，Dad would not let Mom take any money out of the “Hawaii account(账户) ”As 41. account grew，they put it
31、 in a saving account and then bought CDs.My parents 42. (be) always very much in love since the day they got married.I can remember Dad 43. (come) home and telling Mom， “I have a dollar in my pocket， ” and she would smile 44. him and say， “I know how to spend it.”When each of us children married，Mom
32、 and Dad gave us a small metal box and told us their secret，45. we found attractive.All five of us are now saving for our dream honeymoon.Mom and Dad never told us how much money they had managed 46. (save)，but it must have been fairly large because when they cashed in those CDs，they had enough for
33、the flights to Hawaii and a hotel room for ten days and plenty of spending money.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的父母非常恩爱，他们在结婚时用一个金属盒子建立了一个“夏威夷账户” ，在结婚 50 周年纪念日的时候到夏威夷度蜜月。37答案 excited解析 考查词性转换。asadj.as.和一样，主语为 they，指人，故用 excited，表示“兴奋的” 。句意为：他们兴奋极了，好像这次旅行是他们的蜜月一样。故填excited。38答案 agreement解析 考查词性转换。根据前面的不定冠词 a
34、n 可知，后接名词形式。make an agreement 达成协议。句意为：他们达成协议，每天他们都会把一美元放在一个特殊的金属盒子里。故填 agreement。39答案 their解析 考查代词。设空处修饰名词 repairs，故用形容词性物主代词。句意为：他们住在一所小房子里，并且自己做所有的修理工作。故填 their。40答案 but解析 考查连词。根据前后句意可知，这里为转折关系。句意为：养五个孩子不容易，而且有时钱很短缺，但不管发生什么紧急情况，爸爸都不会让妈妈从“夏威夷账户”中取出一点儿钱。故填 but。41答案 the解析 考查冠词。这里特指前句中的 Hawaii accoun
35、t(夏威夷账户) ，故用定冠词 the。句意为：随着账户的增长，他们把钱存入储蓄账户，然后购买 CD。故填 the。42答案 have been解析 考查动词的时态。根据 since 可知用现在完成时，表示从结婚那天一直持续到现在。句意为：从结婚那天起，我的父母就一直非常恩爱。故填 have been。43答案 coming解析 考查非谓语动词。remember doing sth.记得做过某事，此处与连词后面的 telling 作并列宾语。句意为：我记得爸爸回家告诉妈妈。故填 coming。44答案 at解析 考查介词。smile at sb.对某人微笑。句意：她会微笑着对他说：“我知道怎么
36、花这笔钱。 ”故填 at。45答案 which解析 考查定语从句。这里为非限制性定语从句，指代前面的一件事，故用关系代词which。句意为：后来我们几个孩子都先后成家，父母给我们每人都送了一个小金属盒子，并且告诉我们他们的秘密，我们发现这招确实很让人着迷。故填 which。46答案 to save解析 考查非谓语动词。manage to do sth.设法完成某事。句意为：父母从来没有告诉我们他们究竟存了多少钱。故填 to save。.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。When you are learning English，listening，speaking
37、 and writing are important，but reading can also be very helpful.When you read，you can not only learn some new words，but also you can learn how to use these English words.When you read，it gives you a good example for writing.Read something that you can (more or less) understand.If you need to stop ev
38、ery three words to use a dictionary，it is not interesting.Reading books with reasonable number of new words is very important.If there are four or five new words on a page，write them in your notebook.But you dont have to write them while you read.Instead， try to guess their meanings as you read：mark
39、 them with a pen.Then come back when you have finished reading to look them up in a dictionary and write them in your own vocabulary book.Then try to remember them.You should develop a good habit of reading.For example，read for a short time once a day.Fifteen minutes every day is better than two hou
40、rs every Sunday.Fix(固定) a time to read and keep to it.You could read for fifteen minutes when you go to bed，or when you get up or at lunchtime.There are a variety of books in the bookstore，so what kinds of books should you choose? Choose a book or a magazine about a subject that you like，because you
41、 are going to spend time and money reading it.So，choose an interesting book.You can also read newspapers.There are many English newspapers in China.For example,21st Century Teens.It is easy enough for you to understand it.There is something interesting in it.参考范文Reading is an important way to help y
42、ou learn English well.Here are a few tips of reading books.Firstly， while reading books at the right level，you should try to increase the number of your new words.Besides，its very important for you to read regularly and stick to your reading habit.Lastly，you should choose the books and newspapers that interest you most.
