1、Unit 4,Unit 4 Growing up,Grammar,Change the following into English.,Revision,上初中阶段，Spud参加了学校篮球队的选拔。While _ junior high, Spud _ the school basketball team. 2. 他接下来成了足球队的领队。He _ leader of the football team.,attending,tried out for,went on to become,3. Lily更加刻苦地练习并使教练改变了主意。Lily _ and got the coach _. 4
2、. 没有大学愿意邀请他去打篮球，仅仅 因为他的身高。No university _ basketball only _ his height.,practised even harder,to change his mind,would invite him to play,because of,5. 在他毕业以后，他被迫在另一个篮球联盟效力。_ he _, he _ in another basketball league. 6. 通过努力，他证明个头和体型真的不重 要如果你决不放弃，几乎没有什么不能做到的。_ hard work, he _ that _ really does not _
3、, you can do almost anything if you never _.,After graduated was forced to,play,Through,proved,size and body type,matter,give up,A Using before, after, when and while,Before means earlier than a certain time. e.g. He remained there for about a year before the NBA took notice of him. After means late
4、r than a certain time. e.g. After he graduated, he was forced to play in another basketball league.,Grammar,When means at or during a certain time. e.g. When he finally got the chance, he scored 20 points in his first game. While means during a certain time. e.g. While (he was) attending junior high
5、, Spud tried out for the school team.,One of Davids days,David is writing in his diary about one of his days. Help him combine his sentences using before, after, when or while.,I go jogging every morning. Then I have breakfast._,I go jogging every morning before I have breakfast.,2. I practised play
6、ing basketball for hours. I felt tired out._ 3. I met Peter. I was waiting at the bus stop._,After I practised playing basketball for hours, I felt tired out.,I met Peter while I was waiting at the bus stop.,4. I was watching TV. I received a call from my uncle._ 5. I was ready to go to bed. My fath
7、er came back from work._,While I was watching TV, I received a call from my uncle.,I was ready to go to bed when my father came back from work.,I was watching TV when I received a call from my uncle.,e.g. Youve been happy since I first met you.,B Using since, till and until,Since means from a certai
8、n time. The verb in the main clause is often used in the present perfect tense.,Till and until mean up to a certain time. Until can be placed at the beginning or in the middle of the sentence, but till is usually used in the middle of the sentence.,e.g. Spud remained in another basketball league for
9、 about a year till/ until the NBA took notice of him. Until his dream came true, Spud never gave up.,When we use the structure notuntil, we cannot use till instead of until.,e.g. Dont wake me up until you finish your work.,David loves basketball,Here are more sentences from Davids diary entry. Compl
10、ete his sentences with since, till or until.,I have been crazy about playing basketball _ I was a little boy. 2. The weather has been awful this week. The rain did not stop _ yesterday evening, so we could not practise basketball for several days.,since,until,3. We played basketball in the playgroun
11、d this afternoon _ it was getting dark. 4. It is the first time we have played basketball _ Monday. We enjoyed ourselves very much.,until/ till,since,5. I waited for 20 minutes at the bus stop _ the bus arrived. 6. It is Friday evening. I will not go to bed _ I finish watching my favourite TV progra
12、mme.,until/ till,until,e.g. It began to rain as soon as I left the house.,C Using as soon as and whenever,As soon as means when something happens, or a short time after something has happened.,Whenever means at any time.,e.g. I can read books whenever I want to.,More about basketball,Simon is writin
13、g about Davids love for basketball. Help Simon complete his sentences with as soon as or whenever.,David often goes to play basketball _ school is over. 2. He watches the NBA _ there is a game on TV.,as soon as,whenever,3. _ he talks about basketball, he gets excited. 4. _ he learnt that the NBA pla
14、yers would come to China, he tried his best to get a ticket.,Whenever,As soon as,语法小结,一、before, after, when, while, till, until, as soon as, whenever引导的时间状语从句中，如果主从句都是将来发生的动作，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。,e.g. She wont go home until she finishes her work.,二、since（自从）常与现在完成时连用。,e.g. John has worked in this fact
15、ory since 1998.,三、while（当时）引导的时间状语 从句通常要用进行时。,e.g. Someone knocked on the door while I was watching TV.,四、before, after, since, till, until还可作介词，后接时间名词。,e.g. before 9 a.m. till/until today since 2009 after lunch,五、当主句和从句的主语是同一个人时还可用：before/ after/ when/ while doing sth.,e.g. Youd better not listen t
16、o music while doing your homework.,六、as soon as 引导时间状语，表示“一就”,e.g. It began to rain as soon as I left there.,注意：hardly (scarcely, rarely)when / before, no soonerthan相当于as soon as之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。,e.g. He had no sooner arrived home than he was ask
17、ed to start on another journey. 他刚到家，就被邀请开始另一旅程。,七、till和until通常可以互换，但当“直到”讲且用于句首或与not连用时只能用until。,e.g. They didnt come back until it was dark.,Yao Ming was born in Shanghai in 1980. He got his first basketball (1) _ he was only four years old, but he did not become serious about basketball (2) _ he
18、was 12.,when,until,Exercises,David is writing about Yao Ming, his favourite basketball star. Help him complete his article with the correct conjunctions you have learnt in this unit.,Yao joined the Houston Rockets in 2002 and became the best Chinese player to have ever played in the NBA. (3) _ he we
19、nt to the USA, he knew little English, but he quickly learnt the language. The best moment in his career was in 2004-he scored 41 points in a game against the Atlanta Hawks.,Before/When,When Yao Ming was living in the USA, he returned to China (4) _ he was needed. He took part in the Olympics in 200
20、4 and in 2008 as one of the Chinese athletes. (5) _ he ended his basketball career, Yao has done a lot of charity work, especially for poor Chinese teenagers.,whenever,Since/After,It was quiet _ those big trucks started coming through the town. A. before B. after C. until D. unless 2. It seemed only
21、 seconds _ the boy finished washing his face. A. when B. before C. after D. even if,Choose the best answer.,3. I recognized you _ I saw you at the airport. A. the moment B. while C. after D. once 4. He was about to go to bed _ the doorbell rang. A. while B. as C. before D. when,5. Several weeks had
22、gone by _ I realized the painting was missing.A. as B. before C. since D. when 6. It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment. A. will not be; will know B. is; will know C. will not be; know D. is; know,7. _ got into the room _ the telephone rang. A. He hardly had; then B. Hardly had he; when C. He had not; then D. Not had he; when 8. No sooner had he finished his talk _ he was surrounded by the workers. A. as B. then C. than D. when,1. Review the use of the conjunctions in this lesson. 2. Prepare for the next lesson.,
