1、Unit 15 Learning,-2-,高频词汇,难点句型,1.suspect v.怀疑;不信任;觉得 n.可疑分子,嫌疑犯 adj.可疑的;靠不住的 suspicious adj.可疑的,怀疑的,疑惧的 高考佳句 Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds.许多科学家怀疑,工匠们先把石块放在滑板上。 suspect (that)+从句 怀疑 suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人(做)某事 be suspected of doing sth 被怀疑做某事,-3-,高频
2、词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 She (suspect) that one of her three daughters then ten,eight,and six had picked it up,but the girls said they hadnt.(2017浙江卷,语法填空) What made you suspect her having picked your pocket? The young mans hesitant answer to those questions made the police (suspect).,suspected,of,suspicious,
3、-4-,高频词汇,难点句型,2.instruct v.指导,教导;指示,命令 instruction n.用法指南;指示 instructor n.教师,讲师 instructive adj.增长知识的;富有教育意义的 高考佳句 Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. 其他好几个检查了说明,并根据所提供的模型说明图中的一个进行了制作。(2016全国卷,阅读理解B篇),-5-,高频词汇,难点句型,(1)as instructed
4、 按照指示 instruct sb in sth 指导/教导某人某事 instruct sb to do sth 指示某人做某事 instruct sb that sb (should) do sth 命令某人做某事 (2)follow the instructions 按照说明操作 ignore/carry out sbs instructions 忽视/执行某人的命令 under instructions 接到命令,-6-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Today,scholars have generated large amounts of_ (instruct) research
5、 about restaurants.(2018江苏卷,阅读理解B篇) I saw there were two (instruct) on board and a man lying across the middle.(2018全国卷,完形填空) We returned the questionnaire as (instruct). He instructed a wall should be built around the city.,instructive,instructors,instructed,that,-7-,高频词汇,难点句型,3.alternative adj.非传统
6、的;另类的;可供替代的 n.可供选择的事物 高考佳句 With these data in mind,art students need not worry about their career and have an alternative plan.有了这些资料,艺术系的学生不必担心自己的职业发展,而且有一个可替代的方案。(2018江苏卷,任务型阅读) an alternative use/way/route/road 可供选择的用途/方法/路线/路 the only alternative 唯一的选择 have no alternative but to do sth 除做某事外别无选择
7、 an alternative method of (doing) sth 做某事的其他方法,-8-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.But explanations are hard to find. 恐龙的消失并不一定是由天文事件引起的。但是很难找到其他的解释。(2017江苏卷,单项填空) This of your cash and timeis the opportunity cost. 你的时间和现金的可供选择的用途是机会成
8、本。 The way was blocked,so we went by . 那条路被堵住了,所以我们走了另一条路。,alternative,the alternative use,an alternative road,-9-,高频词汇,难点句型,写作升级 Caught in the act,he could do nothing but confess. 满分表达 Caught in the act,he confess.,had no alternative but,-10-,高频词汇,难点句型,4.lack v.&n.缺乏,没有,不足 lacking adj.短缺的,缺乏的 高考佳句
9、The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.现实的博物馆缺少足够的让她感兴趣的有价值的艺术品。(2018天津卷,阅读理解B篇) (1)lack something 缺少某物 lack for nothing 应有尽有 a (complete/distinct) lack of.(完全/明显)缺乏 for/through lack of.因为缺少 no lack of 不缺少 (2)be lacking in.缺少,-11-,高频词汇,难点句型,用lack短语的恰当形式填空 What today is the conflict be
10、tween adolescents desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. 今天所缺少的是青少年对自主性的渴望和他们对不安全世界的理解之间的冲突。(2016北京卷,阅读理解D篇) To be punctual one has to have self-discipline,and_ affects others. 一个人要守时就得要有自律,缺乏自律会影响他人。 But you cant be successful when theres_ in a relationship that results fro
11、m an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. 但是当在一个由犯错者不承担责任来改正错误的行为而导致的关系中缺乏信任时,你就不可能成功。,is lacking,the lack of it,a lack of trust,-12-,高频词汇,难点句型,写作升级 As I lacked a mirror image in the mother who raised me,I had to seek my identity as a woman on my own. 满分表达 in the mo
12、ther who raised me,I had to seek my identity as a woman on my own.,Lacking a mirror image,-13-,高频词汇,难点句型,5.access n.通道;方法;(使用或见到的)机会,权利 accessible adj.易受影响的;易接近的,可进入的;易理解的 accessibly adv.可到达地;可接近地;可使用地;可进入地 高考佳句 Kids shouldnt have access to violent films because they might imitate the things they se
13、e. 小孩子不应该接触暴力电影,因为他们可能会模仿他们看到的内容。(2018江苏卷,单项填空) (1)have access to 拥有的机会或权利 the only access to 到唯一途径 get/gain access to 得到的机会或权利 (2)be accessible to 容易进入,容易接近,-14-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 People have better access health care than they used to,and theyre living longer as a result.(2017北京卷,单项填空) TOKNOW makes
14、 complex ideas attractive and_ (access) to children,who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy. (2017北京卷,阅读理解B篇) Thus I have been allowed to gain access their living environment.(2016四川卷,阅读理解C篇),to,accessible,to,-15-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句改错 One crucial factor is secure access for land.(
15、2018江苏卷,阅读理解C篇)写作升级 The artist wants his music which can be understood by everyone. 满分表达 The artist wants his music to be everyone.,forto,accessible to,-16-,高频词汇,难点句型,6.worthwhile adj.值得努力的,值得花时间的 高考佳句.he realised he would take a loss by selling it to us,but it was worthwhile. 他意识到把(房子)卖给我们蒙受了损失,但很值
16、得 be worthwhile 值得 be worthwhile to do/doing 值得做,-17-,高频词汇,难点句型,词义精析 (1)worthwhile“值得的”,指花时间(金钱、努力等)去做某事是值得的,常用于It is worthwhile doing/to do sth句型中,但不能说:sth is worthwhile doing。可做表语、定语或补足语。 (2)worth“值”,后接表示价值的数词;“值得”,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式(不能接动词不定式),常用于be worth of句型中,表示“很值得”时前面加well修饰。只可做表语。 (3)worthy“值得的
17、”,常用结构为:worthy of being done和worthy to be done。可做表语或定语。,-18-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 But its worth (remember) that the banking system that we now all live with is just that: A modern invention.(2018上海卷,阅读理解A篇) .the risk seems worth (take).(2016北京卷,七选五) 用worthwhile,worth或worthy填空 Sometimes we decide that a
18、little unnecessary danger is_ it.(2016北京卷,七选五) We all felt we had done something for the local community. Their achievements are of the highest praise.,remembering,taking,worth,worthwhile,worthy,-19-,高频词汇,难点句型,7.reputation n.名誉,名声 高考佳句 Many Chinese brands,having developed their reputations over cent
19、uries,are facing new challenges from the modern market. 许多中国品牌,几个世纪以来已经建立了它们的声誉,现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。(2017江苏卷,单项填空) have a reputation of 有名声 have a good/bad reputation for 因而有好/坏名声,-20-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 They have a reputation providing a great riding experience. Their reputation dependability influences
20、 managers evaluations of their work. 完成句子 Although he is known to only a few people here,is very great. 虽然这里只有几个人知道他,但他在国外的名气却很大。,for,for,his reputation abroad,-21-,高频词汇,难点句型,8.ignore vt.忽视,不顾 ignorance n.无知,不知 ignorant adj.无知识的;不知道的;粗野的 高考佳句 Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it wit
21、h a brief title explaining that this is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored. 尽可能快地另写一封电子邮件,加上简短的标题,解释这是正确的版本,且应该忽略以前的版本。(2017天津卷,阅读理解A篇) ignore ones advice/warning 不理会某人的建议/警告 ignore ones remarks/protests 不理睬某人的话/抗议 show ignorance of/about sth 表明对的无知 be ignorant of/about 对
22、无知,-22-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Sometimes (ignore) and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.(2018北京卷,七选五) His behaviour showed his ignorance law. These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend_ (ignore).,ignorance,of/about,to ignore,-23-,高频词汇,难点句型,9.urge v.催促,力劝;强烈要求 n.强烈的欲望,冲动 urge
23、nt adj.紧急的,紧迫的 urgently adv.紧急地,紧迫地 urgency n.紧急的事 高考佳句I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before.我以前从来没有学习手语的强烈欲望。(2017全国卷,完形填空) urge sb to do sth/urge sb into doing sth 强烈要求某人做某事 urge sth on/upon sb 对某人强调某事 have an urge to do sth 有做某事的强烈愿望 urge that.(从句用should do,should可以省略)催促某人(应该)做某事
24、,-24-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 But she kept a look at least. 但她一直催促我们至少看一看。 单句语法填空 We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress(increase) farmland conservation.(2018江苏卷,阅读理解C篇) Dad urged that I (pack) my bag for my trip.,urging us to have,to increase,(should) pack,-25-,高频词汇,难点句型,10.adapt vt.(使)适应;改编
25、vi.适应,适合 adaptable adj.能适应的,适应性强的 adaptation n.改编(本);适应高考佳句 .while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt to the Chinese language environment.而一些网络汉语口语课程可能对你适应汉语语言环境有帮助。(2018北京卷,书面表达) adapt.to.使适应 adapt oneself to 适应 be well adapted to 特别适应 adapt.from.由改编,-26-,高频词汇,难点句
26、型,单句语法填空 So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today,we would still face the challenge of adapting climate change.(2017江苏卷,阅读理解D篇) When it comes to (adapt),it is important to understand that climate change is a process.(2017江苏卷,阅读理解D篇) Serious readers will both get excited over what happens
27、 in some news stories and adapt (they) to the reality.,to,adaptation,themselves,-27-,高频词汇,难点句型,写作升级 Instead,we are diurnal creatures,and our eyes are adapted to living in the suns light. 满分表达Instead,we are diurnal creatures,with eyes_ living in the suns light.,adapted to,-28-,高频词汇,难点句型,11.lay off 裁员
28、;解雇;停止;别再打扰 经典例句 Three months ago,when my manager told me that I would be laid off,my mind went blank and my heart swelled with anger. 三个月前,当我的经理告诉我,我将要下岗了,我的脑子木了,心中充满愤怒。 lie lied lied 撒谎 lie lay lain 躺,位于 lay laid laid 放置,产卵 lay out 展开,布置,花费 lay up 搁置不用 lay down 放下;规定,制定 lay aside 把放在一边,-29-,高频词汇,难
29、点句型,单句语法填空 She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay their weapons. I got so angry with him for (lay) down the law. They were laid because of the lack of new orders.,down,laying,off,-30-,高频词汇,难点句型,12.be accustomed to 习惯于(表示状态) accustom v.使习惯于 经典例句 Although today we are more accustomed to typing a fe
30、w key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to spit the answer out for us,modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the worlds problems with this type of analysisluckily for us. 尽管我们现在更习惯于在搜索引擎敲进几个关键词,等待互联网吐出答案;然而幸运的是,当代科学家和思想家还是用这种分析的方法为我们解决世界上的问题。 (1)be accustomed to (doin
31、g) sth=be used to (doing) sth 习惯(做)某事 get/become/grow accustomed to (doing) sth 变得适应(做)某事 (2)accustom oneself to 使自己习惯于,-31-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 You will soon get (accustom) to the climate here. However,instead of devoting themselves to their work,they find themselves working to support the lifestyle w
32、hich they have so quickly become accustomed. 单句改错 People are accustomed to eat sweet food in the south.,accustomed,to,eateating,-32-,高频词汇,难点句型,13.tend to 往往会;倾向于 tendency n.货币;趋势 高考佳句 Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny,or that inspired negative feelings like anger or a
33、nxiety,but not articles that left them merely sad. 读者也常分享那些令人兴奋或有趣的文章,或者激发诸如愤怒或焦虑等负面情绪,而不是让他们只是伤心的文章。(2016全国卷,阅读理解D篇) (1)tend to/towards 倾向于 tend to sb 照顾某人;照料某人 (2)have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向 have a tendency for 有的倾向 there is a tendency for sb to do sth 某人有做某事的倾向,-33-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Many pe
34、ople tend (talk) about traditions without knowing what they really are.(2018全国卷,阅读理解C篇) Some think that a womans body cells have a (tend) to age more slowly than a mans. 有些人认为,女性的体细胞倾向于比男性的体细胞老化得更慢。(2016四川卷,七选五) 写作升级 People are often blind to the beauty around them. 满分表达 People blind to the beauty a
35、round them.(2018天津卷,阅读理解B篇),to talk,tendency,tend to be,-34-,高频词汇,难点句型,14.approve of 赞成,赞许;批准 approval n.同意,赞成,认可 approvingly adv.赞成地,同意地 高考佳句 At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue. 起初,人们认可了他的学说,而且劝他继续 (1)be for 赞成,支持 be in favour of 同意,赞成 be against 反对 object to反对 (2)wi
36、th/without approval of 经/未经的批准 meet with ones approval 得到某人的同意,-35-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 It found many youngsters (少年) now measure their status by how much public (approve) they get online,often through “likes”.(2018江苏卷,阅读理解D篇) Though not everyone approved the new dance,saying it was a little too shocki
37、ng,the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.,approval,of,-36-,高频词汇,难点句型,1.I felt as if I had done something wrong!(Page 36)我感觉好像自己犯了错。 as if 引导表语从句句型 (1)sb feels as if.表示“某人感觉到好像”,as if引导表语从句。 (2)在as if引导的从句中,应根据情况确定是否应用虚拟语气。如果和事实相符用真实语气,如果和事实不符则应用虚拟语气。,-37-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 The girl
38、felt as if she herself (become) a fairy. The teacher talked with us as if he (know) about that. The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she (be) their own mother.(2016上海卷,语法与词汇),would become,had known,were,-38-,高频词汇,难点句型,2.I got my grandson to instruct me on how to email
39、 and use the Internet and I really enjoy the speed at which my messages get sent and answered.(Page 36)我让孙子教我怎样收发电子邮件和使用互联网。我真的喜欢信息传送和回复的速度。 “get+过去分词”表示被动的句型 句中get sent and answered意为“(信息)传送和回复”,“get+过去分词”在句中表示被动,译作“被,变得,成状态”。,-39-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probab
40、ly got _ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden.(2017浙江卷,语法填空) Though willing to get (start),we cannot seem to do the job right.(2016天津卷,阅读理解D篇) The young man got (charge) because he broke into the old mans house. Others get (pay) by marketing the event.(2016江苏卷,任务型阅读)
41、,swept,started,charged,paid,-40-,高频词汇,难点句型,3.Anyway,its time for me to go now.(Page 36) 不管怎么说,我现在该走了。 Its time.句型 (1)Its time for sb to do sth 表示“该是某人做某事的时候了”。 (2)Its time还常用于结构:Its time that.,在that从句中,谓语动词应用过去时。,-41-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 It was time for her (have) a new baby,and it was also time for th
42、e young panda independent.(2016四川卷,语法填空) Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time_ (move) on to lunch.(2018全国卷,阅读理解D篇) 写作升级 Its time for you to take what you will do into consideration. 满分表达 Its time that you what you will do into consideration.,to have,to be,to move,took,-42-,高频词汇,难点句型,4
43、.I havent seen Mr Jenkins since I left school but I often think about him.(Page 40)我毕业以来一直没见过詹金斯先生,但我经常想起他。 since引导时间状语(从句)的句型 (1)句中I havent seen.since.是一个含有since的句型,表示“自从以来我没见过”。 (2)since用以引导时间状语从句,表示“自从以来”,主句应用现在完成时态,since从句用一般过去时态。 (3)类似地,句型“It is/has been+一段时间+since.”表示“自从有多长时间了”。,-43-,高频词汇,难点句型
44、,单句语法填空 This method provided a readout for how home energy use(evolve) since the early 1990s.(2018全国卷,阅读理解D篇) Since 1958,they have been (recognize) as the national theatre of Israel.(2017全国卷,阅读理解A篇) It is two weeks you came to our school and you are going to return to England soon.(2016天津卷,书面表达),has
45、 evolved,recognized,since,-44-,高频词汇,难点句型,5.The government should have put more money towards science education.(Page 40)政府本应该给自然科学的教育多拨些款。 should have done句型 should have done表示“本该做而未做”,许多情态动词和have done搭配表示特定的意义: (1)could have done“可能已做了;本来能做”。 (2)might have done“可能已做了;本来可以做”。 (3)must have done“一定已做了
46、”。 (4)need have done“本需要做而未做”。 (5)couldnt have done“不可能已做了”。 (6)shouldnt have done“本不该做而做了”。 (7)neednt have done“本不必做而做了”。,-45-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 Sure,I her,but something prevented me from doing so. 当然,我本来是能问问她的,但某件事却阻止我而没能这么做。(2017天津卷,阅读理解B篇) The lights suddenly went off.The bulb out. 灯突然熄灭了,灯泡一定是烧坏了。
47、 (2018上海卷,听力) You in the hotel.I could put you up. 你本不必住宾馆,我可以为你提供住宿。,could have asked,must have burnt,neednt have stayed,-46-,高频词汇,难点句型,Its now so slippery that you cant ride back home. So it is!I my bike here. 现在很滑,你无法骑车回家了。 是很滑,我本不该骑车来这儿的。 Dad dinner with us,but he wasnt available. 爸爸本来是可以和我们一起吃晚饭的,但他没有空。,
