1、Unit 4 Global warming,词句基础过关,课文经典回顾,重点词汇讲练,写作句型仿写,写作微技能,1. _ her /to get fat照顾她/易变胖 2. _ time/energy消耗时间/能源 3. _ early rising 主张早起 4. _ sbs memory恢复记忆 5. _ in price from 1 to 5 价格1到5美元 6. 70 miles _ hour 每小时七十英里 7. the _ age of them他们的平均年龄,tend,consume,advocate,refresh,range,per,average,8. the _ pro
2、blem这个普遍的问题 9. be _ about对抱随意的态度 10. two _ of beer两罐啤酒 11. make a _做出承诺 12. under no _ 在任何情况下决不 13. take/have a _粗略地看一下 14. a growing _ 不断增长的趋势,trend,widespread,casual,cans,commitment /promise,circumstances,glance,1. graph n.燃料 2. fuel n.资源；数据 3. data n.图表；坐标图；曲线图 4. flood n.发动机 5. motor n.洪水；水灾 6.
3、outer adj.温和的；温柔的；淡的 7. mild adj.外部的；外面的,8. nuclear adj.胡乱的；任意的 9. random adj.电的；与电有关的 10. electrical adj.核的; 核能的; 原子核的 11. microwave n.温室；花房 12. greenhouse n.微波炉；微波 13. catastrophe n.个人；个体 adj.单独的 14. individual n.大灾难；浩劫,1. Instead, he hopes that his business will grow _ (steady). 修饰动词grow，应用其副词形式s
4、teadily，表示“稳定地发展”。2. He walked down the road, _(casual) swinging his bag. 修饰非谓语swinging，应用副词。,steadily,casually,3. I admire Edison a lot because of his great _ (contribute) to the world. 空格前有形容词great修饰，所以这里应填 名词，great contribution表示“伟大的贡献”。4. These social _(phenomenon) can have very personal consequ
5、ences. 由前面的these可知，要用复数形式。,contribution,phenomena,5. There has been a gradual _(grow) in membership for the last ten years. 空格前有形容词gradual修饰，所以这里应填名词，gradual growth表示“逐渐增加”。6. David is an artist, writer and _ (educate) whos developing a new art school. 与名词artist, writer并列，一起作表语，用表示职业或身份的名词educator，表
6、示“教育家”。,growth,educator,7. “I can handle stress” is regarded as a positive _ (state) in the world of work. 本空前面有形容词positive，所以这里应填名词，positive statement表示“积极的言论”。8. There is a growing _(tend) to regard money more highly than quality of life. 在冠词后用名词，表示“倾向；趋势”。,statement,tendency,9. There are many the
7、ories about how the universe first came into _ (exist). 因come into existence是固定搭配，意为“开始存在; 产生”。句意：有许多种关于宇宙起源的理论。10. _ (present) is important if you want people to buy your products. 作主语用名词，表示“演示”。,existence,Presentation,11. Shaking the head from side to side means _(disagree) or refusal. 作mean的宾语用名词
8、，故填disagreement (不同意)。12. We are making effective measures to control environmental _ (pollute). 作control的宾语，用名词。,disagreement,pollution,13. Quantities of water _ (be) wasted in this town last year.,因“quantities of+不可数名词(单数)或可数名词复数”时，谓语动词一律用复数形式。 比较：“a quantity of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与名词的数一致： There is a s
9、mall quantity of water left in the bottle.瓶子里还剩下少量的水。 There are only a small quantity of flowers left in the garden. 花园里只剩下少量的花了。,were,1. _ 上升；增长；升起 2. _发生；造成(happen) 3. _ warming继续变暧 4. _ failure导致失败 5. _ a newspaper订阅报纸 6. _ pollution忍受污染 7. _this view反对这种观点,go up,come about,keep on,result in,subs
10、cribe to,put up with,oppose/be opposed to/be against/object to,8. _ fuel大量的燃料 9. _ my school代表我的学校 10. _大体上；基本上 11. _等等 12. _只要 13. _尽管；即使 14. _ 结果；因此,as a consequence/as a result,a quantity of/quantities of,on behalf of,on the whole,and so on,so long as,even if/though,1. There is no doubt _ the ear
11、th is becoming warmer and that it is human activity _ has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫无疑问，地球正在变暖，而地球变暖正是人类活动导致的，并非是一种无规律的自然现象。,that,that,2. _ the “greenhouse effect”, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is. 如果没有“温室效应”，地球的温度
12、将会比现在低33摄氏度。3. As Im not sure _ to start with my project, I would appreciate any suggestions you may have. 由于我不清楚我该从哪里开 始我的研究，我希望能得到你们的建议。,Without,where,4. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases，the _ (important) one of which is carbon dioxide.这 个升温过程的一些副产品就叫作“温室”气体，其中最重要的是二氧化
13、碳。5. It takes a lot of energy _(make) things from new materials, so，if you can，buy things _(make) from recycled materials. 用新材料来做东西要花费大量的能源，因此，只要有可能，就买那些用回收材料制成的物品吧。,made,most important,to make,There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer but there is fierce debate over 1 _ it is human activi
14、ty that 2 _(cause) this global warming or whether it is just a natural phenomenon. Many 3 _ (scientist) like Dr Janice Foster believe that people have caused the increase in the earths temperature by burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy 4 _byproducts are called “g
15、reenhouse” gases, the most important one 5 _(be) carbon dioxide.,whether,has caused,scientists,whose,being,These gases trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth, 6 _which the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is. But increased amount of carbon dioxide means t
16、hat 7 _(much) heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere, 8 _ (cause) the global temperature to go up. On the other hand, scientists like George Hambley believe that any warming will be mild with few bad 9 _(environment) consequences and more carbon dioxide is 10 _(actual) a positive thing.,actually,w
17、ithout,more,causing,environmental,We know that the levels of carbon dioxide has increased greatly over last 100 to 150 years. It was a scientist was called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997. He found that from these ye
18、ars the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere went down from around 315 parts to around 370 parts per million.,All scientist accept this data. He also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that have resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. However, the attitude of scientists for
19、this rise is completely difference.,1. has have 因主语levels为复数形式，故用have。 2. 在last前加the 指在“最近多少年里”习惯上说in /over the lastyears，且与完成时连用。 3. 去掉called前的was 过去分词called作后置定语。 4. that后的from between 指代前面的from 1957 to 1997。表示“在期间”，用介词between。 5. down up 根据下文“from around 315 parts to around 370 parts per million”
20、可知应该是上升(go up)，而非下降(go down)。,6. scientist scientists “所有的科学家”，肯定不止一个，所以用复数。 7. He They 指代前句的scientists，用复数形式。 8. have has 强调句式，强调主语the burning of more and more fossil fuels，根据主谓一致，与the burning一致应为单数，故改用has。 9. for to/towards 表示“对的态度”，为the attitude to/towards。 10. difference different 作表语，应用形容词形式。,a
21、 quantity of/quantities of后既可接复数可数名词，也可接不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与quantity的单复数一致。,1. quantities of(=a large quantity of) 许多；大量的, A quantity of baskets _(be) on sale last night. Quantities of polluted water _ (be) flowing into the sea now. A large quantity of beer_ (be) consumed, which caused the fact that
22、 quantities of crops _ (be) imported last year.,were,was,are,was,注：按过去的语法是，a quantity of.作主语时，谓语动词与其后的名词的数一致。因此要填were,result in与bring about，lead to同义。,2. (原因)result in(结果)引起；导致；造成(结果)result from(原因)由于而引起, His carelessness resulted _ the accident. His illness resulted _ the bad food.,from,in, They we
23、re bitterly opposed _ the scheme. They are opposed to _(use) the mild statement.,3. be opposed to 强烈反对,using,to, 我荣幸地代表我校在此发言。 I have the honor to speak here on behalf of my school. 我代表我的同事和我本人向你表示感谢。 On behalf of my colleagues and myself, I thank you.,4. on behalf of 代表一方；作为的代言人,come up with 想出，提出；
24、拿出；赶上 keep up with 跟上，赶上；保持联系 team up with 与合作/配合/一起工作,5. put up with 容忍，忍受(tolerate, bear, stand),(1) I hope you can _a better plan than this.(2) Its a pleasure to _ such excellent workers.,team up with,come up with,(3) If I were you I wouldnt _ his behaviour any longer.(4) We have to work hard to
25、_ these excellent students.,keep/come up with,put up with,as good as 与一样好；几乎和一样 as far as 远至；就而言 as well as 和一样好；除之外 as soon as 一就 as many/much as 多达；和一样多,6. so/as long as 只要；和一样长 (时间，长度),(1) _ Im concerned, it sounds like a great idea.(2) You can borrow my car _ you promise not to drive too fast.,a
26、s long as,As far as,(3) _ knowing some Russian, he speaks English very well. (4) _ 220 people were killed in the air crash on October 31,2015.(5) If he finds out that I am lying, I am _ dead.,as good as,As well as,As many as,(1)应采取一些可能的措施以防止我们的地球越来越热，而其中最重要的措施是限制私家车的使用。 Some possible actions should
27、be taken to keep our earth from getting warmer, _ _ is to limit the use of private cars.,the+最高级+one of + whichwhom is 其中最的是,the most,important one of which,(2) 一些良好的学习方法应被采取以改善你的学习，而其中最有效的方法是与你的同学讨论。 Some good learning methods should be adopted to improve your study, _ _ is to discuss with your cla
28、ssmates. (3)她有三个哥哥，其中最高的供职于某俱乐部。 She has three brothers，_ works for a club.,the most effective one,the tallest one of whom,of which,行文是否连贯是作文评分的一条重要依据。如何做到行文连贯呢？ 1. 梳理要点，合理排列将所有要点进行梳理，进行合理布局，使各要点之间本身具有逻辑关系，层次分明，衔接紧密。从文章布局的层面上看，一般说来，我们要按题目给定的要点顺序来写。,如何做到行文连贯,2. 增加细节，前后衔接围绕主题，根据经验常识，合理增加细节，充实内容，使前后连贯。
29、,3. 有效使用关联词语表示转折的however, but；表示递 进或补充的besides, whats more, whats worse, further more, in addition to等； 表示列举的for one thingfor another, firstly secondly last but not least等；举例用such as, for example, like等；表示总结的in short, in conclusion, in a word等。,假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下列要点写封回信。 1. 参加中文学
30、习班； 2. 看中文书刊、电视； 3. 学唱中文歌曲； 4. 交中国朋友。,请欣赏以下高考真题范文，体会其中的关联词语。,Dear Peter,Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. Here are a few suggestions. First, it is important to take a Chinese course, as youll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fel
31、low students. Then, it also helps to watch TV and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possible.,Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so youll learn and remember Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends, who
32、will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.Try and write to me in Chinese next time.Best wishes.Li Hua,(2018河南中原名校)假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Bob被选中代表他们学校参加11月15日即在长沙举办的汉语桥，他不知道如何准备，向你征求建议，请你给他写封回信，给出你的建议并表达你的美好祝愿。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Bob,Im more than glad to hear that Yours,Li H
33、ua.,请写以下作文，注意关联词的使用,Dear Bob,Im more than glad to hear that you were chosen to represent your school to participate in the Chinese Bridge to be held in Changsha on Nov.15. Im writing to share with you my suggestions on how to prepare for it.Above all, youd better spend more time strengthening your a
34、bility to use Chinese, which is the most important quality to win.,Whats more, it could be a good idea for you to surf the Internet for general introduction on China. Only by doing so can you gain basic information about China as much as possible within such a short time. Lastly, youre supposed to sign up for programs to acquire some cultural skills such as paper cutting, singing songs and so on.I do hope these tips can be helpful to you. Good luck with your competition.Yours,Li Hua.,Thank you !,
