1、Language points for Reading I Language points for Reading II,Language Data Bank,die for 为某种事业或目的而死die for ones country/ the people/ the cause. die of 死于内因die from 死于外因die from a car accident. 由于车祸而死die by 死于暴力, 刀或剑等凶器die by the sword/hanging.,be dying for 极想得到. She is dying for a cup of water. die t
2、hrough carelessness 因过失而死 diedown 凋落, 消失 die away 消失（渐渐远去） The sound died away. 声音渐渐远去。 die out 绝种 This kind of animal is dying out.,He fought against the German Nazis and Japanese invaders during World War II. 二战时期他抵抗德国纳粹和日本侵略者。fight (fought, fought)fight for 为而战fight against 与作斗争We will have to fi
3、ght against difficulties.They told the workers to fight for their rights.,He founded the first Republic in China in 1911 after many years fighting. 经过多年斗争他于1911在中国创建了第一个共和国。found (founded, founded) 建立，创建 find (found, found)The hospital was founded in 1920.Have you found your missing pen?,He strongly
4、 believed in the three principles: nationalism; peoples rights; peoples livelihood. 他坚信三条原则：民族，民权，民生。believe in 信任，信仰Do you believe in God?We believe in our government.believe sb. = believe what sb. says 相信某人的话believe in sb. 信任某人 He believe what he said because I believe in him.,Do not talk (in) tha
5、t way. (In) this way, you can remember the spelling. Dont stand in the /my way. He is better in some way (s). He picked a pen on the way to school.,in a peaceful way,以和平的方式,那样,这样,碍事,在某些方面,在往的路上,He gave up a rich life for his ideas and fought for his country to be free from the UK in a peaceful way.
6、他为了他的思想而放弃了富裕生活，并且用和平方式为他的国家摆脱英国而进行了战斗。give up 表示主动放弃或屈服He has decided to give up smoking.give in 表示被动屈服或认输， 后面不带宾语You cant win the game, so you may as well give in.free from 摆脱（不好的东西）的，无的Keep the children free from harm.You should try to write sentences free from mistakes.,He fought for the black p
7、eople and was in prison for almost thirty years. 他为黑人而战且坐过三十年监狱。be in prison 在狱中，被监禁He has been in prison for five years.putin prison = sendto prison = throw into prison 把投入监狱The car thieves have been put in prison.He was sent to prison for ten years.,in prison,囚禁,be sent to prison (被送进监狱) be in pri
8、son (在监狱里) be thrown into prison (被投入监狱) break prison (越狱),prison表示蹲监狱时, 其前不用冠词,throw sb. into prison= send /take sb. to prison,He had been in prison for 20 years . The man was put in prison for stealing a car. Anyone who breaks the law should be thrown into prison. They all went to the prison to vi
9、sit the prisoners.,类似: bed, church, class, college, hospital, school, university, market,The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. period 期间，时期，学校的一节课，周期Lets finish this period and have a break.a period of rotation 自转周期the time when 其中when 引起定语从句This was a time
10、 when you had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.Do you still remember the time when we first met?the time 可用于引起时间状语从句，这时一般不加when。I recognized him the time I saw him.,He continued sleeping/ to sleep as if nothing had happened.,*fee: 服务费，酬金（如付予私人教师，医生等） Pay the lawyers fees (付律师费) fare: (
11、公共汽车，轮船，出租车等的)费用，票价 到伦敦的公共汽车费是多少？Ex. Travel at half/full/reduced _(半价票旅行).A bill for school _ (学费帐单).,What is the bus fare to London?,fare,fees,worry about =be worried about,I worry about your health. I am worried about your health.,I worried about your health. I was worried about your health. 担心的神色
12、 a worried look,Dont be worried. - Take it easy,out of work/job,= lose ones job = be unemployed,失业, 没有工作,His mother has been out of work for half a year. in work 有工作 Is her husband in work? out of 意为“在之外”,“向外”;表示失去,没有,用完;不再处于某种状况。反义词为into或in。, The little boy ran out of the room. He took my books out
13、 of my schoolbag. Dont run into the room. Can you put your raincoat in your pocket?,out of breath 上气不接下气 out of patience 不耐烦 out of petrol 汽油用完了 out of use 没用了 out of order 出故障了 out of control 失控了 out of danger 脱离危险了 out of sight 看不见了,out of fashion 不时兴 out of date 过时 out of repair 无法修葺 Out of sight
14、, out of mind. 眼不见, 心不烦。,as as+主语+can/could 尽可能, 尽量 = as as + possible He was running as fast as he could. =He was running as fast as possible. You must speak English as often as you can. =You must speak English _.,as often as possible,They did the experiment as carefully as they could. =They did th
15、e experiment _. Try to make as few mistakes as you can. =Try to make _.,as carefully as possible,as few mistakes as possible,We were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.,我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。 in which引导定语从句，相当于where，但意义更准
16、确。如： After three hours ride, we came to the house in which he was born.乘车3个小时后我们来到了他出生的那所房子。 Think of a place to which we can go for dinner.想一个我们可以去吃饭的地方。,accept“接受”，指的是主观上接受了 receive“收到”，指客观收到但不一定接受,我接受了他的邀请去参加晚会。 I accepted his invitation to the party 我收到了他的邀请，但我没有接受。 I received his invitation,but
17、 I didnt accept.,We were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.,either. or.,(两者之中)或 (之一),You may stay either in a hotel or in a private house. I want to visit either Paris or London.Either you or I am wrong. Either of the boys likes singin
18、g. Either day is OK.,either or neither nor not onlybut also There be,neithernor,He has neither money nor social position. Neither parent cares what happens to the child. Neither of the boys likes to play such a game.,bothand,Both he and I are wrong. Both of the boys like singing.,The last thirty yea
19、rs have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 过去三十年里出现了最多的法律来剥夺我们的权利, 阻挡我们的进步,直到今天我们已经到了几乎没有任何权力的地步.see 在此句意为“见证，目睹”；(在某段时期)发生(某情况),经历,经受; 为某事发生之时，主语为时间The last few months has seen more and more t
20、raffic accidents.The city has seen many changes.,4. The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people他们在城里的住宅区都是由白人决定的。,decided by white people 作定语饰places。 = which were decided by white people 被困在楼里的人们the people trapped in the building= the people who were trapped in the buildin
21、g,过去分词作定语修饰people,定语从句作定语修饰people,only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只是在那时我们才决定以暴力对暴力。only then 此处引起倒装句，当only修饰状语位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装的结构。Only by practicing a few hours every day will you be able to master English.only 修饰主语时，句子不倒装。Only he knew how to solve the problem.,answer 在本句中意为“
22、对付”1. 接，应（与door, bell, phone等连用）2. 适应（需要等）3. answer back 顶嘴那女孩喜欢顶嘴。,I will go and answer the phone.,The plan will not answer our needs.,That girl likes answering back.,As a matter of fact, I do not like violencebut in 1936 I helped him blow up some government buildings. 事实上我不喜欢暴力但在1963年我帮他炸了一些政府大楼.a
23、s a matter of fact = in factAs a matter of fact, I dont know the truth.,as a matter of fact- in fact Finally we achieved our dream. Finally our dream _ _.,came true,make black and white people equal make + 宾语 + 宾补(名词， 形容词，动词) We will make him monitor. Our maths teacher made us interested in maths. T
24、he boss made him work fourteen hours a day.,achieve ones dream of doing sth,But I was happy to help because I knew it was to realize our dream of making black and white people equal.,但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这是为了实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。 “It was + 不定式”结构表示“按计划或安排将要做的事”，该结构在此处相当于It was time to do sth. It was (time) to
25、get rid of your bad habit of smoking. 该戒除你那抽烟的坏习惯了。,be equal to 等于，相当于 Im not equal to the position. Women demand equal pay for equal work.,You cannot imagine how the sound of the name of Robben Island made us afraid. 你想象不到听到罗本岛这个名字令我们多么害怕。 imagine n./doing sth./sb.+doing/thatCan you imagine life wi
26、thout electricity?I dint imagine becoming a writer in my childhood.I cant imagine her marrying him.Imagine that you are a bird.,Language points for Reading II,2. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evening when we should have been asleep. 在午餐的休息时间和晚上我们本应该睡觉的时候他教授我们。 should do & should have
27、doneHe should have come earlier.You should come earlier tomorrow.You should have written to your mother.My teacher said I should study harder.I should have studied harder when I was young.,should do 表示应该做，一般指现在或将来的动作，指过去的动作时应站在过去的角度。should have done 表示本应该做而没有做的。站在现在的角度上评说过去的事情。,asleep, sleep & sleep
28、y,-Is he still sleeping? -Yes, he is fast asleep. I was too sleepy to hear the end of her talk. I usually sleep seven hours a day. asleep 是表语形容词，意为“睡着的”。 sleep 是动词或名词，意为“睡觉”。 sleepy 是形容词，意为“打盹的”。,3. They were not cleverer than me, but they did pass their exams. 由于他们不如我聪明而又确实通过了考试 did pass 为强调结构，强调谓语
29、动词时，在动词原行前加do, does, did.Do be careful!I do hope you have a merry Christmas!He does speak English well!,4. I did not work again for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994. come to power = come into power 执政in power 当权，执政Things have changed a lot since he came to power.How lo
30、ng has he been in power?,5. All the terror and fear of that time came back to me. terror n. 恐怖，可怕的人或事The murder was a terror to the people in the town.fear n. 恐惧，可怕vt. 恐惧，害怕 + n./to do /thatDo you fear death?She fears to speak in our presence.I fear that we cant protect ourselves. for fear of & for
31、fear that 担心He left an hour earlier for fear of missing the train.She worried for fear that the child would be hurt.,6. I remembered the beatings and the cruelty of the guards and my friends who had died.beating n. 打、输They gave him a good beating.They gave our team quite a beating.beat n. 敲击，跳动We he
32、ard the beat of a drum.Can you hear the beat of my heart?,7. They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.reward n. 报酬，奖金He worked hard but without much reward.in reward 作为报酬She got nothing in reward for her kindness.vt. 酬谢，给以报答He rewarded me with a prize.,
