1、Learning about language,1. Answer keys for Ex1 on Page4:,outdoors upset be concerned about loose go through,ignore face to face calm down curtain series,Discovering useful words and expressions,2. Answer keys for Ex. 2 on page 4:,Annes sister, Margot, was very _ that the family had to move. However,
2、 she knew that she had got to _all the difficulties with her family. She found it difficult to settle and _ in the hiding place, because she was _ whether they would be discovered.,upset,go through,calm down,concerned about,She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there. What sh
3、e really missed was going _ walking the dog for her neighbour. It was such fun to watch it run _ _in the park. She wished she could tell her neighbour_ that she was sorry not to be able to do it any longer, but she knew that was too dangerous !,outdoors,loosely,face to face,3. Answer keys for Ex.3 o
4、n page 4:,When the man saw the car accident on the highway, he stopped to offer help. “How can Linda recover from her illness in this room when its so dirty and dusty ? It will only make her worse.” said the doctor.,After Peter died, George set down the story of their friendship in a book. When the
5、street lights go on at dusk , they make a beautiful picture, so different from the daytime.,5. Good friends do not concern about what they do for each other; instead they offer help when it is needed. Although Tim and Mike come from entirely different backgrounds, they became close friends.,Please d
6、raw the curtain ; the sunlight is too bright. “Sorry, I didnt break the plate on purpose .”“ Its OK. Dont worry about it.”,Grammar,直接引语和间接引语,Direct and Indirect Speech,Grammar: Direct and Indirect Speech (1),转述他人的陈述陈述句, She asked me what I was doing.,1) He said , “Im going to Beijing.”, He said that
7、 he was going to Beijing.,2) He asked, “Are you a teacher?”, He asked me if /whether I was a doctor.,3) She said , “What are you doing?”,2. 转述他人的疑问一般疑问句,3. 转述他人的问题特殊疑问句,直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化,He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “Ill give
8、you an examination next Monday. ” He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.,陈述句 用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，不可直接说told that,陈述句:,“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.,Sarah said to her frie
9、nds,that,said,didnt,she,Sarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.,Sarah,一般疑问句,He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, arent you?” He asked whether I was inte
10、rested in English.,间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等)，语序是陈述句的语序,一般疑问句: Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil? ( They asked him ),They asked him,if,It is easy to improve the condition of the soil.,it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.,asked,is,was,They asked him
11、 if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.,特殊疑问句,He said to me，“Whats your name?” He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.,原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序改
12、为陈述句语序,特殊疑问句： When do you harvest the wheat ? ( They asked him ),They asked him,When,you harvest the wheat,you harvest the wheat.,he,harvested,They asked him when he harvested the wheat.,选择疑问句,He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” He asked me whether I spoke English or French. I asked, “Will y
13、ou take bus or take train?” I asked him whether he would take bus or take train.,用whetheror表达，而不用ifor，也不用eitheror,5. 注意地点的变化,在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化,1. 注意时态的变化,2. 注意人称变化。,3. 注意指示代词的变化,4. 注意时间的变化,6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化,When you change a sentence from direct speech to indirect speech, you sometimes need to change
14、 the verb tense. You may also need to change pronouns , time in order to keep the same meaning.,Direct indirect Present past Past past and past perfect Present perfect past perfect Past perfect past perfect,The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.,谓语动词时态变化需要
15、注意几点：,1.直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变,The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”,She says that shell never forget the days in the country.,2. 如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变,The children said, “We love this game.”,They told us that they love that game.,3.主句谓语动词的时态
16、是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。,She says, “Ill never forget the days in the country.”,1. 当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候 2. 当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时 3. 当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时 4. 当引语是谚语、格言时 5. 当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时,从句时态无须改变的还有以下情况:,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,时 间
17、状 语,地点状语,方向性动词,this,that,these,those,now,then,today,that day,this week,that week,yesterday,the day before,last week,the week before,four days ago,four days before,the day before yesterday,two days before,tomorrow,the next day,next month,the next month,here,there,come,go,bring,take,Exercises:,1. He s
18、aid , “I m afraid I cant finish this work.”,2.He said , “I havent heard from him since May.”3.Tom said “I will see you next week.”,He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work.,He said that he hadnt heard from him since May.,Tom said that he would see me the next week.,4. “Why were you lat
19、e again?” The teacher said to me.5. “I dont like swimming,” said Sarah.6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.,The teacher asked me why I was late again.,Sarah said she didnt like swimming.,His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?”,
20、My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.,Anne said that she didnt know the address of her new home. Anne told her father that she had got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows. The girl said that she needed to pack up her things in the suitcase very quickly. Her fa
21、ther asked her why she chose her diary and old letters.,Answer keys to exercise 2 on page 5,“Are you very hot with so many clothes on ?” Mother asked. “What else have you hidden under your overcoat?” Margot asked her. “When shall we go back home ?” Ann asked her father. “Why did you talk so much to
22、that boy ?” Father asked Anne.,1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.”Jack told me that _ worried _.,I looked,that day,2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.”We told her that _ through the street _.,they were walking,then,3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this wee
23、k.”Mr Black said that _ a long way _.,he had walked,that week,4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.”The man thought that _ take it back _.,he would,the next day,5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?”They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house.,if we were,that,6. Jane sa
24、id, “What did he hear about a week ago?”Jane asked _ about _.,what he had heard,the week before,7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?”She asked whose house _ break into _.,he would,the next time,8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where _ holidays.,she spent her,Homework,Review the knowledge of direct speech and indirect speech and summarize the rules.,Take a break!,
