1、2023届北京市平谷区高三一模英语试卷第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。One day, while homeless John was asking for money, he met a woman named Gladys Kamande. She had collapsed lungs that gave her shortness of breath and she _1_ relied on some medical instrume
2、nts to breathe. Not only that, she had _2_ 12 surgeries, one of which caused her to go blind.After knowing her situation, Johns eyes _3_ with tears. Then, despite not having the resources to support himself, John found his own way to help her. He _4_ into his pocket and gave her what little money he
3、 had. At that time, John had no idea just how _5_ he was!A passerby named Njogu _6_ the whole process. “I asked him why he decided to give the only money he had,” Njogu said. “He told me he opted to give because even if he suffered the same, others would support him.” Struck by what the little boy d
4、id, Njogu shared stories and photos of the heartwarming _7_ on social media.Soon, Johns story spread across social media and generous strangers from all around the world began donating money in an effort to help. In fact, enough was raised to _8_ the treatment Gladys needed in India.But thats not wh
5、ere the good news ends. Johns simple _9_ helped him get into a childrens home. Finally, this sweet boy was adopted, giving him a family. John and Gladys were both able to get the help and the bond they formed that crucial day continues on. It just goes to show that a little _10_ can go a long way!1.
6、 A. randomlyB. seldomC. occasionallyD. constantly2. A. cut throughB. gone throughC. checked onD. got away3. A. welledB. movedC. weptD. cried4 A. touchedB. pickedC. reachedD. grabbed5. A. talentedB. proudC. specialD. right6. A. witnessedB. confirmedC. monitoredD. sought7 A. spotB. momentC. guidanceD.
7、 works8. A. spareB. adjustC. coverD. pack9. A. strategyB. habitC. predictionD. interaction10. A. kindnessB. courageC. determinationD. passion第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Elle Gianelli wanted to put a smile on the faces of the seniors who _11_(
8、live) in nursing homes. So she found a creative way to do that. Born out of her love for wearing silly socks on the golf course, Elle Gianelli launched Socks4Seniors, _12_(raise) money via GoFundMe. When _13_(ask) what the money was for, she explained it would be used to purchase bright, patterned s
9、ocks and thoughtful notes for all seniors in assisted living facilities in the country.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Scientists in Australia have built a new battery using sodium-sulphur, a type of salt from sea water. The battery can store four times more energy tha
10、n a standard lithium battery and would be cheap to make _14_ sea salt is widely available. It is also better for the environment than other batteries, _15_ use rare metals (such as lithium). Sea-salt batteries have been made before but this is easily the best model so far. The team will continue wor
11、king on the idea before this kind of the batteries _16_(go) on sale.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Now, at Hailang River in northeast Chinas Heilongjiang Province, dozens of Chinese merganser ducks are preparing to migrate south. Chinese merganser duck is an _17_(dang
12、er) species under class-one state protection. In recent years, the province has beefed up measures _18_(restore) forests, wetlands and other ecosystems. China has established 49 nature reserves _19_ a total area of 2,561, 300 hectares. Thanks to these efforts, the local population of Chinese mergans
13、ers _20_(grow) from around a dozen to nearly100 over the past few years.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEnjoy the family-friendly adventure at Dino Park in Myrtle Beach! This exciting museum gives guests the chance to come face-to-face with life-s
14、ized dinos! These beasts have a vast history that will spark imagination and allow visitors of all ages to enjoy educational fun.During your self-guided adventure through Dino Park, you will be treated to up-close views at dazzling animatronics(电子动画) of your favorite scaly dinosaurs. There are more
15、than 20 life-sized dinosaurs to discover. Along the way, you will be able to learn about some awesome dino facts and get your fill of prehistoric fun!Additionally, visitors will be able to enjoy CGI footage that gives a glimpse into the lives of the dinos. It is the perfect way to learn all about th
16、e dinosaurs through interesting facts and hands-on activities. Throughout the museum are various facts about the dinosaurs displayed on informative and colorful posters.Dino Park activitiesDino Explore Pit: The kids will have a blast diving into the Dino Explore Pit! This ball pit features 100,000 b
17、alls offering tons of room to bounce around. It is a fun attraction for all ages to enjoy.Dig a Dino Fossil: Become a real-life archaeologist as you put your digging skills to the test! Look out for some awesome fossils as you search for the next greatest dinosaur discovery.Ride a Tyrannosaurus: Thi
18、s fun animatronic ride is perfect for kids who want to experience some thrilling fun! Climb aboard for an action-packed ride that you wont soon forget.Play Area: Kids will enjoy burning off some extra energy at the playground area. The playground features dino-themed puzzle floors, bright pictures o
19、n the walls, and play equipment featuring a slide and dinosaurs they can climb on.So, whether you are a longtime dinosaur lover or want to bring the kids to see some moving dino park exhibits, you are sure to have a great time here!21. At Dino Park, visitors _.A. can feel the joy of prehistoric time
20、sB. will be taught animatronics face to faceC. will be able to find the perfect way to see CGI filmD. can participate in hands-on poster making activities22. Which of the following will remain fresh in the minds of kids?A. Dino Explore Pit.B. Dig a Dino Fossil.C. Ride a Tyrannosaurus.D. Play Area.23
21、. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To introduce a variety of life-sized dinosaurs.B. To recommend a museum with educational fun.C. To compare the different activities at the Dino Park.D. To provide archaeologists with some clues about dinosaurs.BAndrea Speranza wanted to be a firefighter long b
22、efore she had the right word for her wish. After one childhood adventure at a construction site ended with an iron nail embedded (嵌入) in her leg and an emergency call to the fire department she found herself in awe. “As they gave me the medical treatment, I thought, they could help everybody and do
23、anything,” says the now 52-year-old.In 2000, Speranza fulfilled her dream of becoming a firefighter. Her job was exactly as fulfilling as she imagined it would be, except for one thing; she still hadnt seen another woman in her rolenot in a magazine, not on television, not in real life. Speranza dec
24、ided to help young women see that they, too, could have a career like hers.The result is Camp Courage, an immersive (沉浸式的) program for girls aged 15 to 19 who want to learn more about firefighting, paramedicine and police work. In 2006, Speranza welcomed the first 17 participants. Over the course, t
25、he girls discover the ins and outs of being first responders: learning how to put out fires, delivering first aid and so on.Camp Courage now nuns one session every year and is free to attend. To offset (抵消) costs, Speranza fundraises by holding everything from car washes to comedy nights. Campers mu
26、st submit an essay describing how they plan to help their community, or a specific individual in need. And they have to deliver on the planfrom building a bench for a senior at a bus stop to launching a local chapter of the Kids Help Phone.While Camp Courage is designed to help more women become fir
27、st responders, Speranza also has another, bigger objective in mind: building leaders. “If they can deliver a mechanical baby or climb a hundred-foot ladder, theyre not going to have a problem going through a job interview,” says Speranza. “Its a complete change in mindset, and it works.”Now hundreds
28、 of girls have passed through Camp Courage and some of them work as first responders now. Speranza feels a sense of achievement. The opportunity to recruit other girls to save lives alongside her keeps her going. Its not even measurable.24. What inspired Speranza to become a firefighter?A. Her dream
29、 now.B. A childhood accident.C. The lack of female firefighters.D. A firefighters encouragement.25. Why did Speranza decide to start Camp Courage?A. To train the girls to take the first aid course.B. To complete an immersive program about firefighting.C. To assist more females to take up some jobs l
30、ike hers.D. To motivate more females to stand on their own feet in the future.26. What do campers have to do to pass through Camp Courage?A. Raise money to pay off the cost.B. Submit an essay and deliver a speech.C. Build a bench for the disabled at a bus stop.D. Hand in a plan and then put it into
31、action.27. What can we learn from the passage?A. Ups and downs make one strong.B. Every noble work is at first impossible.C. Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.D. Joint effort is the key to solving problems.CAsk a smart home device for the weather forecast and it takes several seconds for the
32、 device to respond. This latency (延时) occurs as connected devices dont have enough memory or power to store and run the enormous machine-learning models needed for the device to understand what a user is asking of it. The model is stored in a data center that may be hundreds of miles away, where the
33、 answer is computed and sent to the device.MIT researchers have created a new method for computing directly on these devices, which drastically reduces this latency. Their technique shifts the steps of running a machine-learning model to a central server where components of the model are encoded ont
34、o light waves. The waves are sent to a connected device using fiber optics (纤维光学), which enables tons of data to be sent lightning-fast through a network. The receiver then employs a simple optical device that rapidly performs computations using the parts of a model carried by those light waves.This
35、 technique leads to more than a hundredfold improvement in energy efficiency when compared to other methods. It could also improve security, since a users data do not need to be transferred to a central location for computation. This method could enable a self-driving car to make decisions in real-t
36、ime while using just a tiny percentage of the energy currently required by power-hungry computers. It could also allow a user to have a latency-free conversation with their smart home device, be used for live video processing, or even enable high-speed image classification on a spacecraft millions o
37、f miles from Earth.“Every time you want to run a neural network, you have to run the program, and how fast you can run the program depends on how fast you can pipe the program in from memory. Our pipe is massive it corresponds to sending a full feature-length movie over the internet every millisecon
38、d or so. That is how fast data comes into our system. And it can compute as fast as that,” says professor Dirk England.The neural network architecture involves storing weights in a central server that is connected to a novel piece of hardware called a smart transceiver. This smart transceiver, a thu
39、mb-sized chip(芯片), can receive and send data. Moving forward, the researchers want to update the smart transceiver chip to achieve even better performance.28. Whats the paragraph 1 mainly about?A. The cause of the latency.B. The effect of the latency.C. The advanced smart device.D. The models stored
40、 in a data center.29. How does this new method reduce latency?A. By improving the parts of a model.B. By using optics to speed up computations.C. By computing directly in remote data centers.D. By inventing a new machine-learning model.30. The author mentions a self-driving car to _.A. introduce the
41、 impact of the latencyB. explain how data is quickly computed in this systemC. demonstrate the techniques energy saving and safetyD. highlight the users satisfaction with modern technology31. What can we infer from this passage?A. The new technique will be further improved.B. Optics needs to be deve
42、loped and used urgently.C. The new computing architecture is very perfect.D. The technique was developed to send movies over the internet.DThe coronavirus pandemic has created an environment for research on social connection. One of the most common areas of inquiry over the past couple of years was
43、how our sudden mass shift to digital communication away from face-to-face affected overall social connectedness. Researchers studied nearly 3,000 adults during the pandemics early months and found that email, social media, online gaming, and texting were not fungible for in-person interactions. Voic
44、e and video calls, were somewhat better.Social connectedness is a key to happiness. Lower it, and you will be worse off and so will your loved ones, especially your kids. One 2014 survey revealed that 62 percent of U.S. children thought their parents were too distracted to listen to them. The No. 1
45、reason was parents phone use.It is clear that scrolling or surfing will reduce social connection: You do them instead of interacting. Virtual communications such as texting are by design interactive and should theoretically be less harmful. However, text messages cant convey emotion very well, becau
46、se we cant hear or see our conversational partners. These technologies are to in-person interactions what a black-and-white, pixelated (像素化的) version of the Mona Lisa is to the real thing; identifiable, but incapable of producing the same emotional effects.With communications on line, we tend to hop
47、 from person to person and thus swap depth for breadth. However, research has shown that deeper conversations bring more well-being than short communications. Meanwhile, in a recent study, teens who texted more often than their peers tended to experience more depression, more anxiety and poorer rela
48、tionships with their fathers.It might seem strange that we would voluntarily adopt technologies that hurt our happiness. One of the explanations is convenience. Vegetating (无所事事) in front of a screen is simply easier than talking with a person, and virtual communications such as texting are faster and easier than a visit or a phone call. Think of these technologies as grab-and-go food at a convenience store: Its not great, but it sure is easy and after you eat enough
