1、Unit 5 Look into ScienceLesson 25: Lets Do an Experiment!I. Learning aims:Master the new words: experiment, jar, upside, pour, correct, scientific, method, raincoat, force, pressure, conclude II. Learning important and difficult points: 1) I cover the top with a piece of cardboard and hold it there.
2、2) I am so sure of my theory that Brian can do the experiment over your head and I know you wont get wet.3) The force of the air keeps the water in the jar.4) It is strong enough to hold the water.Language Points:1. I cover the top with a piece of cardboard and hold it there. 我用纸板把上面盖住然后托住它。【用法】 句式
3、coverwith意为“用覆盖” ，类似句式 be covered with 表示“被覆盖” ，这是一个系表结构。【举例】My mother covered the table with cloth. 我妈妈用布把桌子盖住了。The bed is covered with paper. 床上盖满了纸。2. I am so sure of my theory that Brian can do the experiment over your head and I know you wont get wet. 我对布莱恩在你头上做实验的理论很有把握，并且你不会湿的。【用法】这句话中的句式 be
4、sure of意为“对有把握 ”；that Brian can do the experiment over your head是定语从句，修饰前面的名词 theory。【举例】Are you sure of this matter? 你对这件事情有把握吗？This is the book that I borrowed from the library. 这是我从图书馆借的书。3. It is strong enough to hold the water. 它力量很大 足以把水托住。【用法】句中的 enough to do意为“足以做某事” ，这里的 enough起副词作用，用在形容词或副
5、词后作状语。【举例】Allan is old enough to go to work. 艾伦到上班年龄了。Lesson 26: Keep the Candle BurningI. Learning aims:Master the new words: holder, shallow, lighter, match, examine, oxygen II. Learning important and difficult points: 1) Let the candle burn for two or three minutes.2）When the candle stops burning
6、, it has used up all the oxygen in the air.3）How far does it rise?4) Because about one fifth of the air is made up of oxygen, the water rises and fills about one fifth of the jar.Language Points:词汇详解1. When the candle stops burning, it has used up all the oxygen in the air. 当蜡烛停止燃烧时，它就用完了空气中所有的氧气了。【
7、用法】use up意思是“用完、用光” ，这是“动词 + 副词”短语。这类短语用名词作宾语时，名词可用在副词前，也可用在副词后；用代词作宾语时，代词则必须用在副词前。【举例】I gave Li Ming a lot of pencils, but he has used them up already. 我给了李明很多铅笔，但他已经把它们都用完了。2. Because about one fifth of the air is made up of oxygen, the water rises and fills about one fifth of the jar. 因为组成空气的成分大约
8、五分之一是氧气，所以水会上升并且填充瓶子的大约五分之一。【用法】短语 be made up of意为“由组成” ，后加名词或代词作介词宾语。【举例】This grade is made up of ten classes. 这个年级是由十个班组成的。【用法】句中的 one-fifth意思是“五分之一” ，这是一个分数。分数的表达一般遵循以下规则：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子大于一时，分母要用复数形式；并且其中的连字符号有时可以不要。【举例】one-fourth 四分之一 three fifths 五分之三Lesson 27: Planet DannyI. Learning aims:Ma
9、ster the new words: telescope, solar, unless, double, mystery II. Learning important and difficult points: 1) Try looking through the other end.2) Maybe Brian and I can join you after supper.3) Scientists use huge telescopes when they look for planets.4) Well, its worth a try, even if I dont find a
10、planet.Language Points:1. double【用法】作可数名词，意为“两倍、双倍” ，复数形式是 doubles。【举例】Homework is double at weekend. 在周末作业是双倍的。【用法】作形容词， 意为“双倍的、两倍的、两用的” ，在句中作定语或表语。【举例】I think you will get double harvest. 我想你们会有双倍的收成。Wed like a double room. 我们想要一个双人间。2. Maybe Brian and I can join you after supper. 晚饭后或许布莱恩和我会加入到你这
11、里。【用法】动词 join在这里表示“加入” ，如果表示“加入到某人的某种活动中”可用句式 join somebody in 。【举例】Lisa, can you join us in the game? 丽萨，你能和我们一起做游戏吗？3. Well, its worth a try, even if I dont find a planet. 好的，这值得一试，即使我没有发现行星。【用法】even if 意思是“即使、纵然” ，引导让步状语从句，表示某种条件。【举例】He will come on time even if it rains. 即使下雨,他还是会准时来的。【拓展】在口语中，e
12、ven if 往往用在句首。【举例】Even if he is poor, he always looks h appy. 即使他很穷，但看上去他总是很快乐。Lesson 28: The Study of Living ThingsI. Learning aims:Master the new words: Chip Taylor, biology, butterfly, migrate, fantastic, completely, grandchild, female, milkweed, chemical, puzzling II. Learning important and diff
13、icult points: 1) Fantastic facts about the butterfly have been drawing Dr. Taylors attention.2) Here, as many as 230 million butterflies spend the winter.3) But in Mexico, people cut down the trees that the butterflies need to rest on because they want more land for farming.4) This is both puzzling
14、and interesting for many scientists.Language Points:1. fantastic【用法】作形容词，意为“奇异的、极好的、了不起的” ，在句中作定语或表语。【举例】I think this is a fantastic invention. 我想这是一个了不起的发明。These flowers are so fantastic. They have many different colours. 这种花太奇异了。它们有很多不同的颜色。2. chemical【用法】作可数名词，意为“化学物质、化学制品” ，复数形式是 chemicals。【举例】Th
15、ere are no chemicals in this kind of food. 这种食品中没有化学物质。【用法】作形容词，意为“化学的、化学作用的” ，在句中作表语或定语。【举例】We can find chemical additives in many foods. 我们在很多食品中发现了化学添加剂。3. Fantastic facts about the butterfly have been drawing Dr. Taylors attention. 这些有关蝴蝶的奇异的事实引起了泰勒先生的注意。【用法】句中的 have been drawing 是现在完成进行时，它由 “助动
16、词 have (has) + been + 现在分词”构成，当主语是第三人称单数时用助动词 has，其他情况用助动词 have。现在完成进行时主要表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，这个动作是否延续下去，要根据上下文而定。它往往与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，如：all the time, this month, all day, these few days, for a year, since a week ago等。【举例】She has been playing basketball after school this week. 这个星期她放学后一直打篮球。Tony has been
17、drawing in his bedroom all the afternoon. 托尼在卧室画了一下午。4. This is both puzzling and interesting for many scientists. 对很多科学家来说这既令人费解又很有趣。【用法】连词 bothand的意思是“和都，既也” ，它可以连接句中句子成分相同的词语，如果用它连接主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。【举例】She likes both sports and music. 她既喜欢运动，又喜欢音乐。Both Li Ping and her mother take exercise every mor
18、ning. 李萍和她妈妈每天早晨都进行锻炼。Lesson 29: DNAThe Story of YouI. Learning aims:Master the new words: DNA, blueprint, general, complex, twin, copy, repeat, pattern, identify, related, grandson, granddaughter, instruction II. Learning important and difficult points: 1) In general, a blueprint is a drawing that
19、shows how to put a house together with many different parts.2) But building a living thing is far more complex than building a house.3) Except for some twins, every living thing has its own unique DNA.4) From your DNA, scientists can identify not only you, but also people who are related to you.5) Y
20、our DNA has billions of instructions that explain why you are the way you are.Language Points:1. copy【用法】作可数名词，意为“复制品、一本、一册” ，复数形式是 copies。【举例】This is just a copy. Have you found it? 这只是一个复制品。你发现了吗？ I borrowed two copies of magazines from the library. 我从图书馆借了辆本杂志。【用法】作及物动词，意为“复制、抄写” ，后加名词或代词作宾语。【举例】
21、Have you finished copying the words? 你抄写完单词了吗？【应用】根据括号中所给汉语用适当词语填空。We dont need any _（复制品）. Write them by hand.答案：copies。表示“复制品”用名词 copy，且这里是复数形式。2. repeat【用法】作及物动词，意为“重复、重述” ， 后加名词或代词作宾语。【举例】What about repeat the text for another time? 再重复一遍课文怎么样？【拓展】在口语中，当没听清对方的话或没看清对方的动作要求对法重复时，为了表示客套，要用Pardon？或
22、Beg your pardon? 或 I beg your pardon?【举例】Pardon? I didnt hear your words clearly. 请重复一遍好吗？我没听清你的话。【应用】根据括号中所给汉语用适当词语填空。The teacher _（重复）the sentences and I knew its meaning at last.答案：repeated。表示“重复”用动词 repeat，且这里是一般过去时。语句详解1. But building a living thing is far more complex than building a house. 但是
23、构建一个有生命的东西 比建一座房子复杂得多。【用法】比较级前可以用 much, even, still, far, a bit, a little, a lot 等词加以修饰。【举例】This unit is much easier than that one. 这个单元比那个单元容易得多。This book is far more interesting than that one.这本书比那本 书有趣得多。答案：a little taller。此处用副词 a little作状语，修饰后面的比较级 taller。2. Except for some twins, every living t
24、hing has its own unique DNA. 除了一些双胞胎外，所有有生命的东西都在自己独特的 DNA。【用法】except for用于表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定。它不表示同类事物之间的关系，其意思是“除了以外、除去为了 、如果不是”。【举例】Smith is a good man, except for his bad temper. 史密斯除了脾气不好外，是个好人。Mother wouldnt give him any money except for books and stationery. 除了买书和文具外，妈妈不给他任何钱。Except for you, I w
25、ould pass the exam. 如果不是你，我就会通过考试。3. From your DNA, scientists can identify not only you, but also people who are related to you. 根据你的 DNA, 科学家不仅能辨别出你，而且能辨别出与你有关系的人。【用法】not onlybut also是等立连词，意思是“不但而且” ，它可以连接句中句子成分相同的部分，如果用它连接主语时，谓语动词应该以 but also后面的主语为准。【举例】She can sing not only Chinese songs but als
26、o English songs. 她不仅会唱中文歌曲，还会唱英文歌曲。Not only I but also she has finished the work. 不仅我完成了工作，她也完成了工作。【用法】短语 be related to意为“与有关系” ，后加名词或代词作介词 to的宾语。【举例】I think Danny is related to this matter. 我想丹尼与这件事情有关。Lesson 30: Science Affects UsI. Learning aims:Master the new words: affect, suggest, mobile phone
27、, discovery, amazing II. Learning important and difficult points: 1) First, get a jar full of water and a piece of cardboard.2) The higher air pressure outside the jar holds the cardboard in place.3) The experiment you did sounds interesting.4) Scientific discoveries are making our lives better and
28、better.Language Points:词汇详解1. suggest【用法】作及物动词，意为“建议、暗示” ，后加名词、代词、动名词作宾语；也可用在句式suggest somebody to do something 这一句式中，表示“建议某人做某事” 。【举例】They suggested building a new school. 他们建议建一所新学校。I suggest you to do like me. 我建议你想我一样这么做。His report suggested the huge loss. 他的报告暗示了巨大的损失。【拓展】suggestion 是它的名词形式，意为“
29、建议” ，作可数名词，复数形式是 suggestions。【举例】They gave some useful suggestions at the meeting. 在会议上他们给我们提出了一些有用的建议。【应用】用括号中所给词语的适当形式填空。Nobody _（建议）repairing the machine by ourselves, so we had to have it repaired.答案：suggested。表示“建议”用动词 suggest，且这里是一般过去时。2. discovery【用法】作可数名词，意为“发现、发觉” ，复数形式是 discoveries。【举例】Thi
30、s is an important discovery. We should pay more attention to it. 这是一个重要的发现。我们必须注意它。【拓展】discover 是及物动词，意为“发现” ，后加名词、代词或宾语从句。【举例】We have discovered their secrets. 我们已经发现了他们的秘密。【应用】用括号中所给词语的适当形式填空。Have you noticed those _ (discover)? They are helpful to us.答案：discoveries。表示“发现”用名词 discovery，且这里用复数形式。语句
31、详解1. First, get a jar full of water and a piece of cardboard. 首先，取满满一罐子水和一张硬纸片。【用法】句中的短语 full of water用在名词 jar之后作定语，不定式、介词短语、副词和定语从句都可用在名词后作定语。【举例】I have a lot of work to do. 我有很多要做的工作。 （不定式在名词后作定语）The eraser on the desk is Marys. 书桌上的橡皮是玛丽的。 （介词短语在名词后作定语）Did you meet John on your way home? 你在回家的路上遇
32、见约翰了吗？（副词在名词后作定语）This is the pen that Im looking for. 这就是我正在找的笔。 （定语从句在名词后作定语）【2. Scientific discoveries are making our lives better and better. 一些科学发现使我们的生活变得越来越美好。【用法】 “比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越” 。【举例】My sister is growing taller and taller. 我妹妹长得越来越高。Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的城市变得越来越美了。
