1、宾语从句,How much do you know about object clauses?,什么是宾语从句,宾语从句的语序,宾语从句的时态,宾语从句的连接词,什么是宾语,I like my teacher.（名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语） I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语） I know him .（代词作宾语）,宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。 宾语由名词、代词、不定式 或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。,我们 知道 姚明 We know Yao Ming,我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员 We k
2、now,宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。,一 什么 是宾语从句？,试比较,宾o,宾o,主s,谓v,he is a famous basketball player,that,连接词,我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员,谓v,主s,有哪些句子可以做宾语？,1，陈述句，He is a famous basketball player 2,一般疑问句， Will our teachers attend the meeting ？ 3， 特殊疑问句，Which coat did you prefer?,一、连接词（引导词）1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），
3、连词由that引导(可省略)。主句的谓语动词常常是 think, hear, hope, wish, remember, forget, know, say, guess等。,Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. She says (that) she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday. Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party. He said (that) he would like to se
4、e the headmaster. I hope (that) he will be fine soon,在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句,Im sorry (that) I dont know . Were sure (that) our team will win . Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,e.g. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来） He said (that) _.
5、（他非常想念我们） The teacher told us (that) _. （地球围着太阳转）,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves around the sun,Sandy is chatting online with Millie about room colours. Try to add that to each object clause.,Talking about room colours,Millie: Did you know there is a relationship b
6、etween colours and moods?Sandy: Certainly. I think colours influence our everyday lives in many ways.,that,that,n. 关系,adv. 必定地,adj. 每天的； 日常的,Millie: How should we choose the colours for the rooms of a house?Sandy: Most people think light colours are better than dark ones.Millie: Yes. I notice light
7、colours make rooms seem larger.,that,that,Sandy: Sure. I also know blue can make us feel relaxed. Millie: Yes. My mum says blue is suitable for bedrooms. I also find some people prefer orange for their dining rooms.,that,that,that,Sandy: True, but it depends on personal taste. Anyway, we should choo
8、se the colour which makes us feel comfortable.,一般疑问句做宾语,我问他是否想去游泳,1, 改为陈述句语气， 2，用if/whether连接,I ask,Does he want to go swimming?,he wants to go swimming,If/whether,I ask,（一）宾语从句的语序,句子的两种语序: 1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序,宾语从句必须用 _,陈述语序,There is a shop near here.,Is there a shop near here?,练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：
9、1.Is there a bank near here?2.Is it on Fifth Avenue?3.Are they doing homework?,There is a bank near here,It is on Fifth Avenue,They are doing homework,4.Does she work in a hospital? 5.Did you go to Center Park?6.Do we have to wear a uniform?,she works in a hospital,you went to Center Park,we have to
10、 wear a uniform,we can wear hats in school,7.Can we wear hats in school?,由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 谓语动词常为ask, see, wonder and find out.例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. I want to find out whether he is suitable for the job or n
11、ot.,一般疑问句做宾语,注意：以下情况只用whether，不用if。,1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用。如： Let me know whether you can come or not. Let me know if you can come or not. 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如： Whether it is true or not, I cant tell.If it is true or not, I cant tell.,注意：以下情况只用whether，不用if。,3. whether可以引导带to的不定式。
12、如： I dont know whether to accept or refuse. I dont know if to accept or refuse. 4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。如： I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. I worry about if I hurt her feelings.,The Class 1, Grade 9 students are shopping. Complete the sentences by using if or whether to make object
13、 clauses.,Problems about shopping,1. Kitty cannot decide _ _,if/whether she should choose the red dress.,Should I choose the red dress?,2. Sandy doesnt know _ _,if/whether white clothes suit her.,Do white clothes suit me?,vt. 适合,3. Amy is asking _ _,if/whether the sports bag is made of cotton.,Is th
14、e sports bag made of cotton?,4. Simon is not sure _ _,if/whether the green T-shirt matches his trousers.,Does the green T-shirt match my trousers?,5. Daniel often wonders _,if/whether he should stay at home instead of going shopping with his classmates.,Should I stay at home instead ofgoing shopping
15、 with my classmates?,特殊疑问句做宾语,我想知道你最喜欢那一条领带？,特殊疑问句做宾语,Which coat did you like best?,I wonder which coat you like best.,用疑问引导，改为陈述语气。,我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？,Which tie do you like best？,特殊疑问句变成 陈述语序连接词就是疑问词本身,I wonder,I wonder,ATTENTION,which tie you like best?,练一练,What is this ? What are you doing ? Where do
16、 you live ? When does he get up ? How did you go to work? Who will you play with?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3. Can you tell me ,Daniel wants to tell his online friend Tommy about colours. Help him complete his email using that, if or whether.,How much do you know about colours
17、?,Dear Tommy, Have you ever noticed the colours around you? Colours are really interesting. A report says (1)_ blue can help us feel relaxed because it represents peace. You may wonder (2)_ it represents anything else. Yes. Blue also means sadness. I do not know (3)_ you like green.,that,if/whether,
18、if/whether,Some people think (4)_ green can give us energy, but it also represents envy. Did you know(5)_ red represents good luck in China?It is often used for celebrations! Please tell me your favourite colour and (6)_ you know anything else about colours. Write back soon. Best wishes, Daniel,that
19、,that,if/whether,n. 庆祝,Daniel has some questions about colours to ask his dad, but his dad has not come home yet. Help him write a note for his dad.,1. Dad knows a lot about colours. 2. Is red just the colour of heat and power? 3. Was yellow once the colour of the rulers in ancient China? 4. Did the
20、 rulers in ancient Europe like to wear purple? 5. Do all the doctors in the world wear white uniforms?,adj. 古代的,I believe (1) _. I wonder (2) _ _. I want to know (3) _ _. I do not know (4) _ _. I am not certain (5) _ _.,if/whether red is just the colour of heat and power,that Dad knows a lot about c
21、olours,if/whether yellow was once the colour of the rulers in ancient China,if/whether the rulers in ancient Europe like to wear purple,if/whether all the doctors in the world wear white uniforms,四.宾语从句中时态的变化,填一填,was,is,will cook,is singing,has been,was playing,had learned,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们
22、可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。 （需要性原则）,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）,1) He will go to Hong Kong . 2) He is sick. 3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.,1) He_ Hong Kong .,2) He_ sick. 3) He _ a book . 4) He_,辨一辨,would go,was,was reading,his work.,had finished,确定从句的时态(
23、根据主句时态),主句时态,从 句 时 态,连 接 前,连 接 后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）,ATTENTION,He told me (that),Summer after Spring .,is,I was told (that),the sun much bigger than the moon.,is,the sun much bigge
24、r than the moon.,no news good news.,My parents told me (that),is,.Find out the mistakes and correct them.1 Could you tell me where do they live?2 She knew that Danny is a student.3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn.4 Do you know who car it is?,找错误,was,is,whose,宾语从句三要素,that（陈述句 ）,ifwhethe
25、r（一般疑问句 ）,特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句),主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态,语序,宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序,客观真理 自然现象 公式定理 名言警句 时态不变,七.本课小结,Do you know _? A. where does she live B. she lives where C. where she lives D. where she live 2. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time.A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will do,C,B,巩固练习：,I从下列A、
26、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。,4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _? what Lily was B. what was Lily C. where Lily was D. where was Lily,C,3.We dont know _. - It is said that he was born in Canada. what he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here,C,5 The gir
27、ls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.,A. took B. take C. takes D. will take,6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.,A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled,A,C,7. Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow?A. if B. weather C. what D. which,A,8. Could you tell
28、 me _?,A. when will they leave Beijing,B. when would they leave Beijing,C. when they will leave Beijing,D. when did they leave Beijing,C,9. The teacher told the children that the sun round. A. was B. is C. were D. are 10. I believe that our team the basketball match. A. win B. won C. will win D. win
29、s 11. I dont know to visit the old man. A. whether B. if C. that D. who,12. She wanted to know _ her mother liked the present. A. which B. that C. if D. what,13. Do you know if _ back next week? If he _ back, please let me know. A. he comes, will come B. will he come, comes C. he will come, comes D.
30、 will he come, will come,14.-Could you tell me how long _ the book?-Three days. A. I can keep B. Can I borrow C. I can borrow D. Can I keep 15. I want to know _ yesterday?A. why did you come late B. why you came lateC. why do you come late. D. why you come late 16.-Could you tell me _ tomorrow morni
31、ng?-Well, it will start at 9:00.A. when the meeting will start B. where will the meeting startC. where the meeting start D. when will the meeting start,17. Can you tell me ?A. what will we doB. we will do whatC. what we will doD. will we do what18.Do you know _ for Shanghai last night?- At 9:00. wha
32、t time he leaves What time does he leave C. What time he left D. What time did he leave,II.改错：,1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school.,_,Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.,2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east.,_,Father told me the sun always rises in the east.,3.He d
33、oesnt know that when she can come back.,_,He doesnt know when she can come back.,.完成句子。,1. I hear (that) he _ in an hour.,（ 我听说他一小时后回来。）,Will be back,2. He said (that) he _ very much.,（他说他非常想念我们。）,missed us,3. Ask him _.,（问问他是否能来。）,if /whether he can come,4. Can you tell me _.,（你能告诉我他在哪儿吗？）,where he
34、 is,3.玛丽想知道你能否帮她？,Mary wants to know if you can help her.,2.你能告诉我你住哪里吗？,Can you tell me where you live?,1.我想知道你喜欢什么颜色,I want to know what colour you like.,Translate,4.Danny说他明天出发去上海,Danny says that he will leave for Shanghai tomorrow.,5.我想汤姆已经完成作业了,I think that Tom has finished his homework.,宾 语 从 句 小 结,一.结构 1. 当陈述句作宾语从句时, 结构:主句+that + 主语 +谓语部分 2. 当一般疑问句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+ if(whether) +主语 +谓语部分 3.当 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+特殊疑问词+主语 +谓语部分 二主从时态关系主句 从句一般现在时 一般过去时3.(特殊):任何时态 (客观、自然现象) 三.语序：陈述语序,时态不变,时态相应变化,一般现在时,
