1、考前冲刺卷考前冲刺卷(一一) 第一部分 听力(略) 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Vehicles often come into conflict with other vehicles and pedestrians when their intended courses of travel intersect(交叉)，and end up being in each others way.The general principle t
2、hat establishes who has the right to go first is called “right of way”，or “priority”It determines who has the right to use the conflicting part of the road and who has to wait.Signs，signals， markings and other features are often used to make priority clear. A driver must yield (让) the right of way t
3、o other drivers： When approaching a YIELD sign.Slow down or stop to avoid a crash. Even after the light turns green when there are vehicles in the intersection. When approaching emergency vehicles using sounding or flashing sirens(警报器) After coming to a complete stop at an intersection where there i
4、s a stop sign or a flashing red signal.If there is no stop line，stop before the crosswalk. When making a left turn on a red light after a stop from a one- way street to another one- way street with traffic moving to the left.(See Figure A) When two vehicles on different roadways arrive at a four- wa
5、y stop intersection at the same time，the vehicle should yield to the vehicle on its right.(See Figure B) When coming out of an alley， building， private road or driveway after coming to a complete stop.(See Figure C) When crossing traffic at the end of a “T” road with no traffic control signs or sign
6、als.(See Figure D) 语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些道路行驶规则。 1Whats the purpose of the text? ATo explain the law of right of way. BTo illustrate traffic signs and signals. CTo inform drivers of general traffic rules. DTo introduce traffic rules to pedestrians. 答案 A 解析 主旨大意题。文章主要描述了道路行车规则，故可推理文章的目的在于解释路权法。 故选 A。
7、 2Which is the right behavior according to the text? ADrive on once the light turns green. BKeep driving if there is no stop line. CYield to emergency vehicles at any time. DSlow down when approaching a YIELD sign. 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。 根据 A driver must yield(让) the right of way to other drivers 部分第一点 “Whe
8、n approaching a YIELD sign.Slow down or stop to avoid a crash.”可知当靠近让路标志 时，要减速或停车以避免相撞。故选 D。 3Which of the following descriptions is TRUE according to the figures? AFigure A：B should yield to A. BFigure B：A should yield to B. CFigure C：A should yield to B. DFigure D：A should yield to B. 答案 B 解析 细节理解
9、题。倒数第三点“When two vehicles on different roadways arrive at a four- way stop intersection at the same time，the vehicle should yield to the vehicle on its right.”(当两辆行 驶在不同道路上的车辆同时到达四路交叉口时，车辆应向其右侧车辆让路。)故 B 图像中 A 车辆应当给 B 车辆让行。故选 B。 B For some years，my mother worked for a charity as President and Secreta
10、ry.Selling raffle tickets(兑奖券) was her main means of bringing in the charitys much- needed funds.We girls would accompany her，selling tickets with great success.My father made and donated beautiful wooden toys，jewellery boxes and other lovely items as prizes. Now my sister was always coming up with
11、“good ideas”，most of which didnt work out to plan.But that didnt deter her.She had many just waiting to be tested.When she was eight and I was just five，we had a wonderful idea for a business adventure.We decided we would sell raffle tickets for charity，and that charity was us! So one afternoon， we
12、told our mother we were going to play in the park with our cousins as we did most days after school.But instead，we walked around the streets armed with a raffle book，a pen and a large cloth bag to carry the money. Wed accompanied our mother many times when she sold tickets，so people were familiar wi
13、th us when we appeared at their doors.Despite the blank looks they received when asking about the prizes on offer，they were very generous.Although there were no actual prizes，our mothers previous track record enabled us to sell nearly the whole book of raffle tickets. Like a little pair of lottery(彩
14、票) winners，we walked home and proudly showed off our takings.But our enjoyment of this sudden wealth was short- lived，and our plans for spending it quickly failed.Our angry mother took us back to every ticket buyer，making us apologise and give the money back.Thankfully，our sweet neighbours didnt mak
15、e a big deal of our “clever” misbehavior and thus my mothers fundraising career could continue safely.We were taught a good lesson by our mother that day.Also I remember my sisters entrepreneurial(企业家的) spirit dried up a bit after that. 语篇解读 本文是记叙文，姐妹俩假借妈妈之名出售兑奖券且企图将所得据为己有。事后在 妈妈的教育下，姐妹俩意识到自己的错误，对自己
16、的行为进行了诚恳地道歉。 4What did the authors father do? AHe got prizes ready. BHe sold hand- made items. CHe was in charge of a charity. DHe helped design raffle tickets. 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My father made and donated beautiful wooden toys， jewellery boxes and other lovely items as prizes.”可知，父亲会准备兑奖券上的奖品。
17、5What does the underlined word “deter” in Paragraph 2 mean? AEmbarrass. BShock. CDiscourage. DMislead. 答案 C 解析 词义猜测题。由转折词 But 以及下文提到的姐姐继续具体实施她的想法可知，之前的 失败并没有阻止姐姐。deter 意为“阻止”。 6What can be learned about the author and her sister while selling raffle tickets? AThey ran into their mother. BThey met so
18、me generous strangers. CThey got lost while walking around the streets. DThey took advantage of peoples trust in their mother. 答案 D 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Although there were no actual prizes，our mothers previous track record enabled us to sell nearly the whole book of raffle tickets.”可知， 姐妹俩利用 人们对妈妈的信任得以
19、出售出很多兑奖券。 7What lesson did the author and her sister learn? AHonesty is the best policy. BWhats done cant be undone. CMisfortune never comes alone. DGood advice is beyond all price. 答案 A 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our angry mother.making us apologise and give the money back.We were taught a good lesson by ou
20、r mother that day.”可知，妈妈对于姐妹俩故作 聪明的小把戏非常气愤，命令二人向奖券购买者道歉，并退还所得。根据故事情节推断，妈 妈应是教姐妹俩做人要诚实。 C The striking bright blues，yellows，and oranges of poison tree frogs are a classic example of warning coloration，sending a message to predators(捕食者) to stay away.But somewhat counterintuitively(反直觉地)，these colors
21、may be helping the frogs hide in plain sight，according to a new study. These frogs live on the forest floor in the lowland rainforests of South Americas Guiana Shield.The frogs are blue- black with a bright yellow ring around their head and back， which may be broken or joined to form a figure eight.
22、Like a fingerprint，the pattern is unique to each frog. Predators generally learn that such brightly colored frogs are poisonous and tend to avoid them.But this doesnt always work.Foolish predators ignore the warning，while some birds and snakes seem to be able to eat poisonous frogs with few ill effe
23、cts. So researchers wondered whether these poison frogs have another way of protecting themselvescamouflage(保护色)To find out，they first tested computational models of predator vision on pictures of the frogs.Their results suggested that although the frogs are obvious at close range，their colors and p
24、atterns blend(融合) with the rainforest background as viewing distance increases. To test those results，they placed model frogs on different backgrounds in a rainforest to see how wild predators reacted.Predators attacked the frogs more often when they were placed atop(在的顶上) a picture of plain soil or
25、 a colored paper square， but less often when they were on the actual rainforest floor. And humans seem to fall for the trick，too：People who saw pictures of frogs in the rainforest took longer to spot the real frogs at a distance than a frog that had been altered(使变样) so that it didnt have the same c
26、olors and patterns.Together，this suggests that although these poison frogs are highly visible at close range，from far away their colors blend together for the perfect rainforest camouflage.The researchers consider that the frogs pattern is made up of a specific distribution of colors to give it the
27、best of both worlds. 语篇解读 本文是说明文。最新研究发现，生活在南美洲的一种毒树蛙，其鲜艳的皮肤颜色 与周围的环境融为一体，使得捕食者不容易发现它们。 8What does the new study about poison tree frogs focus on? AHow their predators catch them. BHow their bright colors protect them. CWhat their bright colors are. DWhat their predators are. 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“th
28、ese colors may be helping the frogs hide in plain sight， according to a new study”可知，B 项正确。 9What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2? ASummarize the previous paragraph. BUse examples to support the topic. CAdd some background information. DIntroduce a new topic for discussion. 答案 C 解析 写作目的题
29、。第二段中作者介绍了毒树蛙的生活地点以及皮肤颜色的构成，作者写本 段的目的是提供背景知识。 10What can be learnt about the results achieved by the researchers? AThey confirmed their assumption. BThey changed their research direction. CThey needed more research data support. DThey disagreed with previous research findings. 答案 A 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段及第五
30、段的内容可知，研究者们设想毒树蛙用鲜艳的皮肤颜 色作为保护色，使自己与雨林融为一体来保护自己。为了验证这一设想，研究人员进行了两 次科学实验，实验结果均证实了这一设想。 11What do we know about the test done in the wild? AThe researchers used real frogs. BThe researchers used computational technology. CPredators had difficulty finding frogs near them. DPredators could spot frogs on
31、plain soil more easily. 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Predators attacked the frogs more often when they were placed atop(在的顶上) a picture of plain soil”可知，在野外进行的实验中，捕食者对于放 在纯地面背景上的毒蛙模型进行了更频繁的攻击，也就是说，捕食者更容易发现置于纯地面 背景上的青蛙。 D In the United States，the baby boomer generation(婴儿潮一代) include those who were born in
32、the time after World War .Those babies have retired or are now reaching the retirement age.As these adults age， many of their adult children worry about how to take care of their aging parents.In the United States it is not common for several generations to live under one roof.Once children grow up
33、and get married，they move out，leaving their aging parents to care for themselves.When these aging parents can no longer take care of themselves because of age or illness，it is not uncommon for adult children in the US to place their elderly parents in a nursing home. A nursing home is a place that o
34、ffers care for the elderly and ill.As the name suggests，nursing homes have professionals including nurses，doctors and social workers to help aging adults deal with the challenges of daily life.And their mental health could be guaranteed for elderly people to get relaxed，accompanied by those of the s
35、ame age.Most nursing homes also have social activities for the elderly to participate in and keep active.These activities range from games to dance classes， and movie nights.Nursing homes are supposed to provide three nutritious meals for their residents(住户) Nursing homes are controversial， however.
36、There have been cases across the country of staff in nursing homes treating the elderly residents badly and even robbing them.There are different states and federal agencies that are supposed to oversee(监管) nursing homes. Some people feel that it should be the responsibility of family members，especi
37、ally adult children，to care for their aging or sick parents.However，many adult children have their own children and families to take care of，and do not have the means to care for their elderly parents； others worry about medical skills needed if their elderly parents are seriously ill.And these prob
38、lems of caring for parents are bothering more and more adults in the US at present. 语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章谈论的是美国的成年子女们目前面临的“养老问题”， 介绍了“送养老院”和“在家养老”的利与弊，最后作者简要介绍了“在家养老”的实际困 难，引发读者的思考。 12What is the first paragraph mainly about? AWhen the baby boomer generation in the US were born. BWhether the elderly and
39、their children should live together. CWhy Americans put their elderly parents in nursing homes. DHow Americans look after their aging parents differently. 答案 C 解析 段落大意题。文章第一段说明了生育高峰期出生的一代人都渐渐变老，并且在美国， 几代人同住一个屋檐下的情况很少见，因此养老问题日趋迫切，一些成年子女们将年迈的父 母送到养老院。因此本段主要讲了这一行为的历史原因和文化原因。 13How many advantages of nu
40、rsing homes are mentioned? AThree. BFour. CFive. DSix. 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。文章第二段介绍了养老院的基本情况和四个优势：有专业人员负责老人 们的身体健康；与同龄人轻松相处保障了老年人的良好心理状况；多种多样的社交活动；营 养美味的饭菜。 14Whats the writers attitude toward sending parents to nursing homes? AIndifferent. BUnderstandable. CFavorable. DDisapproving. 答案 B 解析 观点态度题。文章第二段介绍了
41、养老院的相关情况，说明了养老院养老的优势；第三 段介绍了养老院存在的问题，这是人们反对养老院养老的原因之一；最后一段中 However 后 作者介绍成年子女也面临着实际困难，养老问题困扰着越来越多的美国成年人。所以作者对 “养老院养老”是理解的，知道这是“无奈之举”。 15Whats the purpose of the text? ATo discuss how to care for aging parents. BTo ask the government to oversee nursing homes. CTo prove nursing homes do more harm tha
42、n good. DTo show problems faced by American adult children. 答案 D 解析 写作意图题。通读全文可以看出，文章主要反映了美国成年子女们所面对的“养老问 题”。 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 If youre leading a group of people towards success，you must learn how to motivate others.Try one or more of the follow
43、ing ways of motivating people. Treat people kindly.As a leader，you need to treat others helping you with the utmost respect and kindness. 16 You might not know it，but its a big motivation booster when people are treated right.People enjoy knowing that theyre doing a good job and enjoy working with p
44、eople that treat them with kindness. 17 When people are fully responsible，theyll be more likely to find the motivation to complete the task.This is because，as a part of a group，they may not feel like their hard work matters，but when theyre responsible it certainly matters.They also know that they ma
45、ke a difference to the success of the project. Be a good listener.No one likes to feel like they dont matter.Having the final say doesnt mean that you neednt get any help with important decision making. 18 Always keep an open ear and youll be motivating your team to come up with good solutions and c
46、reative ideas. Set realistic goals.Think long and hard about how your goal setting abilities can teach you to motivate others.You dont want to set goals that are too easy.Your team might reach them quickly but they wont be pushed to become the best they can be. 19 Your team will quickly lose motivat
47、ion because theyll never get the feeling of having met their goals. Get to know your people.Keep lines of communication open and get to know your team by paying attention to their wants，needs，strengths and weaknesses. 20 So theyll certainly be more motivated to work hard for somebody that cares abou
48、t them. AOffer a nice clean working environment. BGive people responsibility. CPeople enjoy feeling like theyre making a difference. DPeople are smart and they will know when they have a leader that cares and a leader that doesnt. EHand out praise when its necessary. FA trustworthy neighbor also pro
49、vides a safe place to run in case of a fire. GMeanwhile，you dont want to set goals that are impossible to achieve，either. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。作为一个团队的领头人你一定要学会激励队员的潜能，以使 他们更有效地工作。作者在此给出了几个可以激励队员的方法。 16答案 E 解析 根据本段最后一句 “People enjoy knowing that theyre doing a good job and enjoy working with people that treat them with kindness.”可知人们喜欢知道他们表现很好， 也就是说 喜欢受到表扬，故 E 项“Hand out praise when its necessary.(必要的时候表扬别人)”符合上 下文语境。 17答案 B 解析 根据空后一句“When people a
