1、2020年高考英语调研卷&联考卷（三）本试卷6页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等 相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。.3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域 内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅 笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40
2、分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂。AAs cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line（装配线） on September 27, 1908. Only eleven cars were p
3、roduced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last centu
4、ry, the car represented what it meant to be Americangoing forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history
5、.In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with “a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.” Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrialThe cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create
6、a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.The problems of excessive（过度的）energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.Fr
7、iedman points out that the green economy（经济）is a chance to keep American strength. “The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”1Why is hamburger mentioned in pa
8、ragraph 2?ATo explain Americans love for travelling by car.BTo show the influence of cars on American culture.CTo stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.DTo praise the effectiveness of Americas road system.2What has the use of cars in America led to?ADecline of economy. BEnvironmental pro
9、blems.CA shortage of oil supply. DA farm-based society.3What is Friedmans attitude towards Americas future?AAmbiguous. BDoubtful. CHopeful. DToleraBAs a volunteer teacher, I moved into an apartment with eagerness. Sorting all the necessary paperwork out, I got ready to start my work. Great, or so I
10、thought. At 4 a.m. and at several intervals after that, I was rudely awaken by the cock that lives opposite me. Fantastic! I now have 5 extra alarms every morning.In the following weeks, I also started to notice a trend. Things in my flat started to break at the rate of one object per day, like the
11、hot water line, bowls, cups, shower, doors or glass shelves. Yes, I am clumsy but things just fell apart. If it wasnt broken, it would either be dirty or missing. Using my washing basket for the first time was pretty disgusting. When I took out my clothes, they were swiftly followed by a hundred or
12、so bugs that were living in the bottom.As for the general Lack of equipment in the hose, there was no oven. tin opener, or sharp knives. It turns out making a vegetarian burger from scratch wasnt the best idea. I had a small microwave and a grill. I thought the general understanding was never to put
13、 metal in a microwave but I went on. Smoke soon started to appear. Im not quite sure if it was the burger or the grill but as soon as I opened the door, the electricity cut out, I spent the fallowing 10 minutes in a dark, smoky room hunting for the power switch using the light from my mobile phone,
14、which broke the week after and left me without a connection to the outer world.Luckily, Im now borrowing a phone and my luck has returned. No more things have broken (probably because there is nothing left to break). I am learning how to adapt to life with limited, broken utensils (用具).4How did the
15、author feel about her new life upon her arrival?AShe was nervous to kick off the new job.BShe was annoyed with the rude students.CShe was full of enthusiasm about her new life.DShe was satisfied with five alarm clocks in her room.5What was the trend in the following weeks?AHer flat became dirtier.Bs
16、he developed disability.CThings began to go wrong.DMore clothes needed mending.6What happened when the author was making a burger?AShe suffered a big fire.BShe made a terrible mistake.CShe was seriously injured.DShe broke her phone accidentally.7What can be inferred about the author from the end of
17、the passage?AShe will go on living here.BShe will resign from her job.Cshe will more into a new flat.DShe will buy new daily necessities.CThe Wall Street Journal recently published an excellent article penned by Wendy Bounds on a hot topic here at MNN: the air-purifying qualities of the common house
18、 plant. Given that the air inside your home can be 2 to 5 times more polluted than the air outside of it, making it clean with plants like peace lily (百合花) and asparagus fern (芦笋蕨) is an economical. artistically pleasing alternative to air purifiers. So its been acknowledged that a bunch of pretty p
19、utted houseplants can help you maintain a healthier home, but a smarter home?That s the question in light of a recent study published by the Journal of Environmental Psychology showing that the presence of plants in a room, particularly in an office environment, can shrink attention span (范围). Strug
20、gling directive attention (the kind of attention that takes effort) can be refreshed through exposure ho to naturalistic environments. Basically, taking a walk through the park can clear ones head. But can a head be refreshed simply by being surrounded by houseplants?To test their theory, the studys
21、 authors rounded up a bunch of participants, put some of them in a mom with no plants and put others in a room with our plants placed around a desk, and put them all to the same series of tests. First was a Rearing Span Teat which involves reading a series of sentences aloud and remembering the Last
22、 word in each sentence. This task requires that you fluently switch between attention demanding tasks: from rending and memorizing at one moment. to writing and recalling at the next. Next came a proofreading task fallowed by another Reading Span Test.The results? Participants working in the room wi
23、th the plants improved their performance from the first Reading Span Test to the second while those working in the room lacking in greenery did not. Consequently, the benefits of working among plants is indeed evident.8What do we know from the first paragraph?AStaying indoors can help avoid the poor
24、er air outdoors.BHouseplants can Function as beautiful cheap air purifiers.CPlanting polled flowers as decorations is very interesting.DAir purifiers are the most effective to create a healthy home.9What does the underlined part in paragraph 2 probably refer to?AFocus ones attention.BDisturb ones at
25、tention.Cweaken ones attention.DTurn ones attention away.10What does the test prove?AWorking in nature helps increase productivity.BHouseplants will be in great demand in our life.CGreenery creates healthier naturalistic atmosphere indoors.DWorking among houseplants improves mental functioning.11Wha
26、t can be a suitable title for the text?AFlowers: Grand Feast to EyesBGreenery: Effective Air-purifierCHouseplants: Visual Brain FoodDPotted Plants: Great! House-beautifierDStress in middle age can make your brain shrink and make your memory worse, scientists have discovered. The brain-reducing effec
27、ts of stress, identified in people in their 40s free from dementia - a serious mental disorder caused by brain disease or injury, were found to be caused by cortisol(皮质醇). The high levels of the stress hormone may be an early warning “sign that someone may end up with dementia, the research suggests
28、.Stress also made peoples thinking skills worse, which the Harvard Medical School study, published in the journal Neurology found. For the research, scientists led by Dr. Justin BEchouffo-Tcheugui studied 2,231 people with an average of 49 and free of dementia. He said. Our research detected memory
29、loss and brain shrinkage in middle-aged people before symptoms started to show. So its important for people to find ways to reduce stress, such as getting enough sleep, taking part in moderate exercise, making relaxation techniques part of their daily lives or asking their doctor about their cortiso
30、l levels and taking a cortisol-reducing medication if needed. He also added, Its important for physicians to give professional advice to all people with high cortisol levels.Researchers found lower scores on tests of memory and thinking in people with higher levels of cortisol than those with averag
31、e levels. In addition, people with higher cortisol levels had a smaller brain volume, with those with high cortisol levels having brains that were 88.5 per cent of the total cranial(颅骨的) volume. This was compared to 88. 7 percent of the total cranial volume for people with normal levels of the hormo
32、ne. No links were found between low levels of cortisol and brain size.Cortisol helps the body respond to stress and when we are stressed, cortisol levels increase because that is our fight - or - flight(战或逃) response. It can also help reduce inflammation(发炎) and control blood sugar and blood pressur
33、e. High cortisol levels can be caused by stress, medical conditions or medications.“Cortisol affects many different functions so it is important to fully investigate how high levels of the hormone may affect the brain, Dr Echouffo-Tcheugui said, “While other studies have examined cortisol and memory
34、, we believe our large, community-based study is the first to explore, in middle-aged people, cortisol levels and brain volume, as well as memory and thinking skills. ”12What may Dr. Echouffo-Tcheugui suggest people do about stress-reducing?AEarly to bed and early to rise.BStrengthen the social netw
35、ork.CEat food with more protein.DRide a bicycle around a lake.13Which statement about cortisol may the author agree to?AHigher cortisol levels are associated with larger brain volume.BThe more stressed one feels, the higher his cortisol levels are.CAge and gender play a big role in the participants
36、brain volume.DPeople with high cortisol levels will suffer from low blood pressure.14Whats the possible direction for future research according to Dr. Echouffo-Tcheugui?AHow high cortisol levels affect human brains.BThe link between cortisol levels and memoryCThe link between cortisol levels and bra
37、in size.DHow cortisol affects peoples response.15Why does the author write this passage?ATo suggest the efficient ways to reduce stress.BTo prevent the features and functions of cortisol.CTo explain how cortisol affects people s stress level.DTo show stress can cause memory loss and brain shrinkage.
38、第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Moving abroad, whether you are teaching, studying, volunteering or just traveling for a long period of time, is complicated. 16 Before you start working abroad, consider the following homesickness reduction techniques, so that youll be ab
39、le to enjoy your adventure.Make Your New Home a HomeYou cant bring your entire room from home abroad with you, but you can find ways to make your new space feel more like home. Spend a little time and money making your home a place youre excited to come back to every day. 17Host a Cooking Class or E
40、xchangeFood is one of the biggest causes of homesickness for almost everyone living abroad. Combine a taste of home with a social exchange by teaching your host family how to cook a dish you especially like. Its two for-one. 18.Send Gifts Back HomeStaying connected to your family and friends back ho
41、me is important. Consider giving gifts from your new country and sending them back home. 19 Also you can share your experiences abroad with your friends and family back home.Schedule Some “Me” TimeIts not a good idea to hide from your problems, but 30 minutes of pure alone time in a calming environm
42、ent can be very helpful. Try to find an empty roomeven if youre living in student housing or with a familydiam the lights, close your eyes, and just breathe deeply and relax. 20ATaking this type of break can be very calming.BMoving abroad isnt an excuse to eat fried food three times a day.COne of th
43、e most significant challenges that you face is homesickness.DLittle actions can go a long way toward creating a more comfortable space.E. Lots of things change when you move abroad, but not everything has to change.F. This will give your days a fun purpose, keep you connected to those who are import
44、ant to you.G. You get to eat delicious food, plus its an opportunity to spend some quality time with new friends!第三部分英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My six-year-old daughter Amara and I ducked into a shop to hide from the rain. I
45、 hadnt 21 to take a trip to this place. But I figured wed see what they had 22 we were there. I took my daughters hand and 23 around. Suddenly there was a 24 on my hand and my attention was being directed to the shoe section. I 25 her hand and she reached out to touch a pair of shiny black shoes.“Bu
46、y me?”“Oh, Sweetie, they are tap shoes. You arent learning tap dance.”“Buy me?” she 26 .“Well, lets try them on.” She 27 and removed her rain boots, and easily slid the new shoes on. A perfect 28 . When she stood up she heard”click”. She took a step. Click, Click. 29 recognition dawned (领悟), as she
47、made the 30 between the shoes and her moving feet. Click, Click, Click.“Buy me?” with 31 look in her eyes.“Okay, take them off and put them in the bag.”The sun had come back out as we stepped out from our little side 32 . When we were near the car, Amara reached for the bag. I gave it to her, wonder
48、ing what treasure she was looking for. The 33 , of course.I helped her wear them. Our next stop was the grocery store and these shoes were made to make noise, 34 on my little girls feet. This could be 35 Click, Click, Click people turned to look. Click, Click, Click. I could feel the 36 stares of the proper people who would never allow their daughters to wear tap shoe
