1、第一部分 选修八 Unit 1.阅读理解A(2016西北工业大学附中第六次适应性训练) 导 学 号 42492768When early colonial settlers went to America, they took many forms of dance to their_new_home.Square dancing, one of the oldest forms of American folk dance developed from several different Old World group dances, mainly English country dance
2、s and the French quadrille (四对方舞 )In the American version of square dancing，four couples form a square and dance to music.An American addition to square dancing is the caller.What do you think a caller does?The callersomeone who calls out the dance steps in time to the musicwas a completely American
3、 invention.At first，dancers memorized all the steps for a particular dance，but eventually the dance became so complicated that it was necessary to have someone call out cues (提示) so that dancers didnt have to remember so many steps.The caller didnt just call out “dosa do your partner”；a good caller
4、also came up with colorful sayings or witty lines that he said in between the cues such as “Dont be shy and dont be afraid.Swing on the corner in a waltz promenade(步伐) ” A caller might also come up with new dance steps and routines.Although popular for years, square dancing seemed to be going out of
5、 style and fading away until the early 1930s, when Henry Ford helped revive (复苏 ) interest in it.Ford, the automobile manufacturer, used to vacation at the Wayside Inn in Massachusetts, where he enjoyed the dance program run by a man named Benjamin Lovett.Ford asked Lovett to come to Detroit and tea
6、ch dances, but Lovett said he couldnt because he had a contract with the inn.Ford solved that problem by buying the inn and Lovetts contract.He took Lovett back to Detroit, where together they established a program for teaching squares and rounds.Square dancing was updated and groups began forming a
7、ll over the country.文章大意：早期的殖民定居者到达美国时把很多形式的舞蹈带到了美国，而方形舞就是其中之一。本文介绍了方形舞的起源和 发展。1What is the best title for the passage？_B_AThe Different Steps of Square DancingBThe Origin and Development of Square DancingCWho Was the Inventor of Square DancingDWhy Did Square Dancing Go Out of Style?解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，
8、第一段介绍了方形舞的起源，第二、三段主要介绍了方形舞的发展，第四段介绍了亨利 福特使得方形舞再次流行起来。故 B 项“方形舞的起源和发展”最能概括文章主旨。2What does the underlined part “their new home” refer to？_D_AThe United Kingdom. BFrance.CAfrica. DAmerica.解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第一段第一句 When early colonial settlers went to America，they took many forms of dance to their new home.可知
9、，早期的殖民定居者去美国 时把很多形式的舞蹈也带到了他们的新家园。由此可知，their new home 在此指的是“美国” 。故选 D 项。3Why did the caller call out the steps for the dancers？_D_ABecause the dance was invented by the caller.BBecause the dancers didnt know the names of the steps.CBecause the steps were very particular.DBecause it was hard for the d
10、ancers to remember all the steps.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句but eventually the dance became so complicated that it was necessary to have someone call out cues so that dancers didnt have to remember so many steps.可知，方形舞中的舞步指 挥喊出舞步是 为了提醒舞者，从而使舞者不必记住那么多复杂的舞步。故 选 D 项。4What can we learn about Henry Ford in the l
11、ast paragraph？_C_AHe was the man who made the first car.BHe was very fond of dancing.CHe helped make square dancing popular again.DHe taught people how to dance.解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句when Henry Ford helped revive interest in it.及下文介绍他是如何做的可知，亨利福特使得方形舞再次流行起来。故选 C 项。B(2016蚌埠市一模) 导 学 号 42492769Reports te
12、ll us that Americans work more and vacation less than people in other major industrial countries.Still, millions of Americans do try to get away from home for a week or two in the summer months.Some might even have time and money to spend longer on vacation.For example, many retired Americans can be
13、 found driving around the United States in big recreational vehicles, known as RV.s.These serve as a home away from home.In fact, it might even be their only home as they see the country.Some American families get in their cars and drive to historic places like Colonial Williamsburg in Virginia.Ther
14、e, they can experience what life was like for early Americans.If that is not exciting enough, also in Williamsburg is a water park and an amusement park with rides.Other Americans visit national parks like Yellowstone or Yosemite out in the West.They want to spend time with nature.Or they take their
15、 vacation by a lake or the ocean.They might swim or fish.But many just want to sit and enjoy the feeling of doing nothing, except maybe read a book.Some families fly to other countries on vacation.Or they go on a cruise ship (大型游轮)and stop in different ports.Cruise ships are like floating cities.But
16、 not everyone goes someplace special on vacation.This might be the only time for people to work on things like home improvement projects.And while they do that, they might think of all the fun their friends are having.文章大意：本文讲述了美国人比其他工业城市的人工作时间多，而休息时间少。当他 们休息时，大部分家庭会选择在暑假离开家出去旅游一两周，甚至更长的时间，通过不同的方式去各
17、个地方感受不一样的旅行快乐。5What can be the best title for the text？_B_AAmericans Work More and Vacation LessBWhere Americans Go on Their Summer VacationsCDifferent Places for Summer VacationsDNot All Americans Take Summer Vacations解析：主旨大意题。本文介绍 了在暑假，美国人会花 费一两周，甚至更长的时间离开家出去旅游，他们旅游的方式和地点很多，如一些人 驾车环游美国、一些人去历史悠久的地方
18、，还有一些人利用假期接近大自然，由此可推断出 B 项“美国人夏季去哪度假”作为文章标题最佳。故选 B 项。6If you want to spend time with nature, you can do the following things except _D_.Ato visit national parks Bto see the countryCto stay by a lake Dto visit historic places解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段 Other Americans visit national parks like Yellowstone.Or th
19、ey take their vacation by a lake or the ocean.maybe read a book.可知，如果想接近自然，你可以去参观国家公园，或呆在湖边或去海边玩耍，甚至可以读书。而 to visit historic places 只是能 让人们感受到早期的美国生活，不属于接近自然。故 选 D 项。7Which of the following is False？_C _APeople choose different destinations depending on different interests.BPeople interested in hist
20、ory can have fun in Colonial Williamsburg.CAll the people take vacations only to do nothing but relax themselves.DNot all Americans can afford time and money to go on a vacation.解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的 But not everyone goes someplace special on vacation.This might be the only time for people to work on
21、things like home improvement projects.可知，并不是每个美国人都会在假期放松自己去各个地方旅游，有些人也许只有在假期才能进行他们的家庭改进工作。C 项中的 All the people 和 only 用词过于绝对， C 项表述错误，故为答案。8What does the underlined sentence of the passage mean？_D_AThey fully enjoy doing their work on home improvement projects.BThey think of their work at home as a
22、special kind of vacation.CThey can imagine what fun their friends are having on vacation.DThey might envy their friends having time going on vacation.解析：词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的描述可知，有的美国人会利用假期做家庭改进的工作，而这些人是不能出去旅游的，由此可推断出画 线句表达的是他 们可能会羡慕他们的朋友有时间出去旅游。故选 D 项。.七选五 导 学 号 42492770根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两
23、项为多余项。(2016成都市二诊)Some people describe American society as a salad bowl while others think of it as a melting pot.In a bowl of salad, all the ingredients are mixed together._1.B_Together, however, the ingredients make up a unity.All the ingredients of a salad contribute to the finished product.They m
24、ay be covered with the same dressing (调味酱), but the green vegetables, tomatoes and cooked corn can all be seen for what they are.From this point of view, America is very much like a salad bowl where individual ethnic groups mix together, yet maintain their cultural uniqueness.People may work togethe
25、r during the day at similar jobs and in the same companies, but at night they may return to their ethnic groups where their own individual culture directs their way of life._2.C_Each ethnic group has its own special customs, language, food and traditions to protect and defend.This idea of the salad
26、bowl is referred to as cultural diversity；that is, American society is a collection of various cultures living together in harmony within one country._3.G_Here, society is like one large pot of soup.All cultural aspects are mixed together，sacrificing their original identity and keeping a bit of what
27、 they were to become a new reality.The longer the soup is cooked, the better the taste and the more likely it will be for the mixture to dissolve.In this sense, America can surely be seen as a melting pot where people from all over the world come to live and work together forming one nation.There ar
28、e dozens of shared symbols._4.F_In such a culture, symbols like the flag and the nations official song serve to break down the walls which separate ethnic groups.Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot, America can be best described as a mixture of both._5.D_ABoth are correct depending on ones point o
29、f view.BThey never lose their shapes, colors or tastes.CThis is why there is so much diversity within America.DIn other words, America is a nation where there is unity in diversity.EThus, one needs to abandon ones culture to be considered “American”FThey serve to develop the various ethnic groups to
30、 create a new American culture.GThe other theory, which is also used to describe American society, is the melting pot.文章大意：有的人把美国社会描述为“沙拉碗” ，有的人 认为 它是“大熔炉” 。实际上，美国的特点并非非此即彼，而是在差异中存在统一。解析：1根据设空处前面的 a bowl of salad 及本段最后一句，分析各个选项可知，只有 B 项“它们从来不会失去它们的形状、 颜色和味道”描述的与沙拉有关。They 指代前句中的 all the ingredients(所
31、有的材料) 。故选 B 项。2根据分析，本段继续描述美国像“沙拉碗” ，前后为因果关系：“多个民族”融合，但是“保持着各自的独特性” ，使得人 们白天可能从事相似的工作，但是下班后沿用各自民族的生活方式，这就是美国“多样 性”的原因。故 选 C 项。3文章第一段提出“沙拉碗” 和“大熔炉”两个理论。第二、三两段详细描述了“沙拉碗”理论。设空处位于第四段段首，再根据本段中的 one large pot 及 a melting pot 可知选 G项，引出下文对第二个理论的描述。4本段最后三句围绕 shared symbols(共享的符号)展开：有 许多“共享的符号” ，因而“它们”有助于不同的民族
32、发展以便创造一个新的美国文化，而在这样的文化中，美国国旗和国歌这些符号有助于打破种族分裂的藩篱。F 项中 They 指代前句中的 shared symbols。故选 F项。5本段两句话总结全文：“美国将 沙拉碗和大熔炉 两大特点融合在一起。 换句话说 ，美国是一个多样性中存在 统一的国家” 。D 项中 unity in diversity 是第一句中 a mixture of both 的另一种说法。故 选 D 项。.短文改错 导 学 号 42492771假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除
33、或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号() ，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用()划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起) 不计分。(2016宝鸡市二模)Dear Lucy，How is everything going?You know, I am in Grade Three now.Our school has got a opportunity to help us apply to Columbia University, a worldfamous univer
34、sity located in the north of America.Those whose pass the selective test held by our school next week would have the chance to take part in the oral and written exams in English as well as the interview by the CU teachers next January.It has long be my dream to study abroad, I treasure this chance v
35、ery much.Now, I am trying my best to getting ready for the coming exams.Could you give me some advices on how to get good equipped with English knowledge before exams？I believe I will benefit a lot of from your valuable and timely suggestions.Im looking forward to your reply.答案：Dear Lucy，How is ever
36、ything going?You know, I am in Grade Three now.Our school has got opportunity to help us apply a an to forColumbia University, a worldfamous university located in the north of America.Those whose whopass the selective test held by our school next week have the chance to take part in the oral would w
37、illand written exams in English as well as the interview by the CU teachers next January.It has long my dream to study abroad, I treasure this chance very much.Now, I am be been so/andtrying my best to ready for the coming exams.Could you give me some on how to getting get advices adviceget equipped
38、 with English knowledge before exams？I believe I will benefit a lot of good wellfrom your valuable and timely suggestions.Im looking forward to your reply.1解析：第一处：aan opportunity 的读音以元音音素开头，其前用不定冠 词 an。故将a 改为 an。2解析：第二处：tofor apply for 意为“申请” ；apply to 意为“适用于” 。根据句意“我们学校获得一次帮助我们申请哥伦比亚大学的机会”可知此处为 app
39、ly for。故将 to改为 for。3解析：第三处：whosewho Those 后为定语从句，先行词为 Those，且在从句中作主语，指人，应用 who 引导。故将 whose 改为 who。4解析：第四处：wouldwill 全文时态是一般现在时，根据时间状语 next week 可知，应用一般将来时。故将 would 改为 will。5解析：第五处：bebeen 现在完成时 have done 结构中，动词要用过去分词形式，故将 be 改为 been。6解析：第六处：在 I 前加 so/and 句意为：出国学习一直以来都是我的梦想，因此 /而且，我非常珍惜这次机会。根据句意可知，上下文
40、之间是因果关系，或顺承关系，故用连词 so/and连接。7解析：第七处：gettingget try ones best to do.意为“尽某人最大努力做” ，其中 to 为动词不定式符号，因此应用动词原形。故将 getting 改为 get。8解析：第八处：advicesadvice advice 是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将 advices改为 advice。9解析：第九处：goodwell 修饰动词应用副词形式，故将 good 改为 well。10解析：第十处：删除 of 本句中 a lot 充当副词修饰动词 benefit，a lot of 后加名词表示“许多” 。故删除介词 of。
