1、第一部分 选修八 Unit 2.阅读理解A(2016上饶市二模) 导 学 号 42492787If youve ever had a dog, you know just how deep a connection you can develop with “mans best friend”But a dog has a much shorter life span (长度 )about 12 to 15 years longthan humans, which means every dog owner has to go through the heartbreaking moment
2、when their loving pet passes away.Why not make a clone of that dog then？This is the solution offered by a South Korean company, Sooam Biotech Research Foundation.The company has successfully cloned at least 400 dogs, mostly for US.customers, ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005.Now, Sooam B
3、iotech is planning to introduce their business to UK.dog owners, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.Meanwhile, another dog is selected to supply an egg.Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that from the skin cell and implant the egg into the womb (子宫) of a female dog.
4、The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months.To clone a dog, researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died.The whole process takes less than a day, but it comes at a shockingly high price, around 63,000 (614,000 yuan)But if you cant afford it now,
5、 you can also save the cells in a laboratory and access them at a later date.Just like identical twins of humans, they share the exact same DNA but there will still be small differences between them.“The spots on a Dalmatian clone will be different, for example， ”Insung Hwang, head of Sooam Biotech,
6、 told The Guardian.However, as magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect replica (复制品) of the original one.Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not “cloneable”Apart from genes, personality is also determined by upbringing
7、(培养 ) and environment, which are both “random elements (因素) that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome”， Professor Tom Kirkwood at Newcastle University, the UK., told The Telegraph .Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all.Kirkwood, a dog owner h
8、imself, pointed out: “An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”文章大意：当你的狗去世的时候，你是否愿意用克隆的方法来得到一只和它一模一 样的狗呢？韩国的一家公司现在就在为人们提供这样的服务。1According to the article, Sooam Biotech Research Foundation is_C_.Aworking on plans to help dog owners enjoy their
9、pets longerBoffering a way to help dogs give birth to more puppiesCproviding a service that will make copies of pet dogsDintroducing a completely new technique to clone dogs解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段前三句可知，这个组织提供克隆狗的服务，并且已经成功克隆了至少 400 只狗。故 选 C 项。2Which of the following statements about dog cloning is TRUE acco
10、rding to the article？_D_ADog cloning technology hadnt been put into practice until recently.BDog cloning is very expensive and usually takes several months to complete.CDog cloning is very popular among U S.and U.K.pet owners.DCloned dogs might develop different habits and characteristics even thoug
11、h they look very similar.解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段第三句ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005.可知，这个组织在 2005 年就在技 术上领先了，因此 这项克隆技 术并不是在最近才得到应用，故 A 项错误；根据文章第四段第一句 The whole process takes less than a day.可知，整个过程需要不到一天的时间，故 B 项错误；第二段中提到，克隆业务主要是服务于美国客户，正在向英国客户推广，因此并不是在美国和英国的客户中都很流行，故 C 项错误。文章倒数第二段中提到，个性不仅由基因决
12、定，也取决于培养和 环境因素，故 D 项正确。3Which of the following shows the correct order of the dog cloning process？_D _aAn egg is taken from another dog.bA skin cell is taken from the pet dog and saved in a laboratory.cThe egg is placed in the womb of a female dog.dThe DNA of the egg is replaced by the DNA from the
13、skin cell.eThe egg grows into a puppy in two months.Aacbde BadbceCbacde Dbadce解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，克隆狗的过程为：(1) 狗去世时提取它的皮肤细胞；(2)选择另一只狗来提供卵子；(3)用皮肤细胞中的 DNA 替换卵细胞中的 DNA；(4)在一只母狗的子宫内放入卵细胞；(5)两个月后卵子发育为一只小狗。因此正确顺序为：badce。故 选D 项。4We can learn from the article that Kirkwood_A_dog cloning.Adisapproves of Bsupp
14、ortsCis afraid of Dis curious about解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，柯克伍德指出，在人与宠物之间的关系中，最重要的一方面就是处理好它们离去所带来的痛苦。最后一段第一句也提到，也许用克隆的方式把宠物留在身边不是纪念它们的最好方法。由此可推测，柯克伍德是反 对克隆狗的。故选 A 项。B(2016郴州市一模) 导 学 号 42492788Scientists in Argentina have created the worlds first cow to own two human genes that will enable it to produce
15、humanlike milk, which is matchless up to now.It is a breakthrough in the area of clone.Genetic engineering was used to introduce the “mothers milk” genes into the animal before birth, according to the National Institute of Agribusiness Technology in Buenos Aires.As an adult, the cloned cow “will pro
16、duce milk that is similar to that of humans”， which will prove “a development of great importance for the nutrition of infants”， as it is said in a statement.“The cloned cow, named Rosita ISA, is the first one born in the world that owns two human genes that contain the proteins present in human mil
17、k， ” the statement said.In April, scientists in China published details of research showing that they had created GM Holstein dairy cows which produced milk containing proteins found in human breast milk.But the Argentine team says the Chinese only introduced one human gene, whereas their research i
18、nvolved two genes, meaning the milk will more closely resemble that of humans.Rosita ISA was born on April 6 and was delivered by Caesarean section because she weighed around 100 pounds, roughly twice the normal weight of Jersey cows.Adrian Mutto, from the National University of San Martin said, “Ou
19、r goal was to raise the nutritional value of cows milk by adding two human genes, the protein lactoferrin and lysozyme，which can provide newlyborn babies with antibacterial and antiviral (抗病毒) protection.”Cristina Kirchner, President of Argentina, said that the scientific institute “makes all Argent
20、ines proud”She also revealed that she had rejected the “honor” of having the cow named after her.“They came to tell me that the name is Cristina, but what woman would like to have a cow named after her? It appeared to me to be more appropriate to call it Rosita.”文章大意：文章介绍了阿根廷科学家通过添加人类基因的方式培育出了能生产“类人
21、乳”的牛。这是基因工程的一项突破。5What can we know about Rosita ISA according to the passage？_A_AIts milk has larger nutritional value than others.BIt is the first cow with a human gene.CIt is as heavy as Jersey cows.DIts milk has the same proteins as human breast milk.解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句the worlds first cow to own
22、 two human genes.可知， B 项中的 a human gene 错误；根据第七段twice the normal weight of Jersey cows.可知 C 项错误；根据第六段the milk will more closely resemble that of humans.可知，这种奶只是与母乳相似，故 D 项错误；根据第四段可知， 该克隆牛所产牛奶和母乳相似，而且根据倒数第二段可知，它所产的奶在提供 婴儿所需的营养方面有重大的 进步。故 选 A 项。6Lactoferrin and lysozyme in milk_D_.Acan offer more prot
23、eins in cow milkBhelp provide more milk from cowCcan increase the production of milkDare good for babies health解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的the protein lactoferrin and lysozyme，which can provide newlyborn babies with antibacterial and antiviral protection.可知，牛奶中的乳铁蛋白(lactoferrin)和溶菌酶(lysozyme)可以 为婴儿提供抗菌和抗病毒的
24、保护，对婴儿的健康有好处。故选 D 项。7We can infer from the last paragraph that_C_.Ait is hard to name the cowBthe president wants the cow named after herChonorable as it is, no women like the cow named after themDCristina Kirchner objects to creating the cloned cow解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第三句but what woman would like to ha
25、ve a cow named after her？可知，该反 问句表示肯定意义，表示没有一个女人愿意一头牛跟自己姓。故选 C 项 。8What would be the best title of the passage？_B_AScientists in Argentina Could Produce Human MilkBScientists Create a Cow That Produces “Human” MilkCThe Cloned Cow Would Bring About BenefitsDHow Was the Cloned Cow Born?解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段第
26、一句提出 Scientists in Argentina have created the worlds first cow to own two human genes that will enable it to produce humanlike milk，which is matchless up to now.下文围绕该 主题进行阐述。由此可知，本文主题是科学家培育出了一头能生产“类人乳”的牛。故选 B 项。.七选五 导 学 号 42492789根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。(2016东北三省四市联合体一模)Clones in Fic
27、tionStories featuring clones always draw me in.Ive read enough fiction books about clones over the years._1.E_The Lost Girl by Sangu Mandanna_2.G_Eva is Amarras clone.She learns what Amarra learns in school, eats what she eats，and studies every last detail of her life.The trouble is, no matter how h
28、ard she studies, outside of their appearances Eva and Amarra arent that much alike.To make matters more complex, she learns Amarra has a boyfriend she must learn to love as much as she does when her own heart secretly belongs to someone else.When Amarra is killed in a car crash just after their 16th
29、 birthday, Eva has to pick up her life where she left it off.Her life depends on convincing Amarras loved ones that she is Amarra._3.A_The House of Scorpion by Nancy FarmerThis is not just one of my favorite books about clones, but one of my favorite books.Between the border of the United States and
30、 Aztln, which was once Mexico, lies Opium, a land ruled by drug lords (毒枭)El Patrn is the most powerful drug lord in Opium, a man almost 20 years old._4.F_Matt is El Patrns clone.El Patrn has been using clones like Matt to keep himself alive.But before he is needed, the drug lord treats him like a p
31、rized pet.El Patrns family dislikes him，thinking him inhuman and a possible threat (威胁) to their inheritance (遗产) The older he gets, the more Matt feels trapped at every turn._5.D_ACan they accept that?BThey are very fearful and tiresome.CCloning is considered to be criminal.DIs there any way he can
32、 be free to make his own life?ECan you be attracted by the rich imagination of the stories?FEveryone is struck with fear in the heart when hearing the name.GIts unbelievable that a person has to spend the whole life learning to be someone else.文章大意：文章主要介绍作者最喜爱的两本小说：The Lost Girl 与 The House of Scorp
33、ion。解析：1本空承上启下，根据设空前两句句意“有关克隆题材的小说总是很吸引我。多年来我已经读过大量的关于克隆的小说。 ”可知， E 项(你们会被故事丰富的想像所吸引吗？)符合作者的思路，且引起下文对小说 的介绍。2根据第 2 空后两句可知，伊娃学阿玛拉所学的，吃阿玛拉所吃的，学习阿玛拉生活中所有的细节。故 G 项符合语境。 G 项中的 learning 与设空后的 learns 与 studies 相照应。3根据语境，阿玛拉在车祸中死了，而伊娃不得不扮演阿玛拉继续她的生活。而伊娃的生活则取决于能否使阿玛拉的家人们相信她就是阿玛拉，故 A 项(他们能接受吗？) 与之承接。4F 项(每个人听闻
34、这个名字都闻风丧胆。 )与第 4 空前一句中的 the most powerful drug lord 表述相符，故选 F 项。5根据设空前的 feels trapped at every turn 可知， 马特深陷囹圄，这与 D 项中的 be free 相呼应。故选 D 项。.短文改错 导 学 号 42492790假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号() ，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用()划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写
35、出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起) 不计分。(2016全国卷)The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.But in that
36、case, we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.I thought that it is a good idea.It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.答案：The summer ho
37、liday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about to do during the how whatholiday.We can between staying at home and a trip.If we stay at home，it is chose choose take takingcomfortable there is no need to spend money.But in that case, we will learn little about but and theworld.If we go on a tr
38、ip abroad，we can broaden view and gain we cannot get your our knowledges knowledgefrom books.Some classmates suggest we can / go to places of interest nearby.I can should thought thinkthat it is a good idea.It does not cost ， yet we can still learn a lot.many much1解析：第一处：howwhat。考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，are ta
39、lking about 后为宾语从句，且从句中 do 缺少宾语，故将 how 改为 what。2解析：第二处：chosechoose。考 查情态动词的用法。情态动词后接动词原形。3解析：第三处：taketaking。考 查非谓语动词。因 为 and 连接两个并列的成分，且介词后接动名词形式，所以将 take 改为 taking。4解析：第四处：butand。考 查连词。前后句之间为并列关系，故将 but 改为 and。5解析：第五处：在 world 前加 the。考查冠词。根据 语境可知，此处表示特指，故应用定冠词 the。6解析：第六处：yourour。考查代词。因为句子的主语为“we”故此处用 our。7解析：第七处：knowledgesknowledge。考 查名词的数。knowledge 为不可数名词，只能用单数形式。8解析：第八处：删除 can 或将 canshould 。考查虚拟语气。suggest 意为“建议”时，其后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气， 谓语动词用 should动词 原形，should 可以省略。9解析：第九处：thoughtthink 。考 查动词的时态。全文的时态均以一般现在时为主，故此处应用一般现在时。10解析：第十处：many much。考 查代词。表示 “钱”的多少时，要用 much 而不是many。
