1、精准培优专练2020届高三好教育精准培优专练培优点十一 阅读理解-词义猜测题一、真题在线Passage1（2019全国I卷，B）For Canaan Elementarys second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day, and right now its Chris Palaezs turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public spe
2、aking.But hes nervous. “Im here to tell you today why you should should”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “Vote for me ”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When
3、 he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathro
4、om.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，I dont know，but
5、 I want to know.”Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in p
6、ublic. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”24. What made Chris nervous？A. Telling a story.B. Making a speech.C. Taking a test.D. Answ
7、ering a question.25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Improper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jokes.26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys project is to _.A. help students see their own strengthsB. assess students public speaking skillsC.
8、 prepare students for their future jobsD. inspire students love for politics27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?A. Humorous.B. Ambitious.C. Caring.D. Demanding.Passage2（2019全国新课标II，B）“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.” Thi
9、s was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.I guess that theres probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at t
10、he heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even on At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright. Yes, Ill do it.”Im secretly relieved because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer responsi
11、bilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved
12、 to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same pe
13、ople keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community(社区)as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.In that sense, Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in
14、 the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?24. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph l？A. She knows little about the club.B. She isnt good at sports.C. She just doesnt want to volunteer.D. Shes unable to meet her schedule.25. What
15、 does the underlined phrase“tug at the heartstrings”in paragraph 2 mean?A. Encourage team work.B. Appeal to feeling.C. Promote good deeds.D. Provide advice.26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?A. She gets interested in lacrosse.B. She is proud of her kids.C. Shell work for another
16、 season.D. She becomes a good helper.27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?A. It gives her a sense of duty.B. It makes her very happy.C. It enables her to work hard.D. It brings her material rewards.Passage3（2019全国新课标III，B）For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been
17、an inspiration for Western creative. “Its no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers,” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking G
18、lass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record at
19、tendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.“China is impossible to overlook,” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion they are central t
20、o its movement.“Of course, only are todays top Western designers being influenced by China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.”Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobsand beating them hands down in design and sales,” adds Hi
21、l.For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. “The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers,” she says. “China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fash
22、ion today, you are talking about Chinaits influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”24. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?A. It promoted the sales of artworks.B. It attracted a large number of
23、 visitors.C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes.D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.25. What does Hill say about Chinese women?A. They are setting the fashion.B. They start many fashion campaigns.C. They admire super models.D. They do business all over the world.26. What do the underlined words“t
24、aking on” in paragraph 4 mean?A. learning fromB. looking down onC. working withD. competing against27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the WorldB. A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New YorkC. Differences Between Eastern and Western AestheticsD. Chinese Cult
25、ure Fueling International Fashion TrendsPassage4（2019江苏卷，B）In the 1960s，while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park，Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that，oddly，had not troubled anyone before: he couldnt find the parks volcano. It had been known for a long time tha
26、t Yellowstone was volcanic in nature thats what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. But Christiansen couldnt find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.Most of us，when we talk about volcanoes，think of the classic cone(圆锥体)shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro，which are created when eru
27、pting magma(岩浆)piles up. These can form remarkably quickly. In 1943，a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was mor
28、e thanhalf a mile across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth，all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is，however，a second less known type of volcano that doesnt involve mountain building. These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack，
29、leaving behind a vast hole，the caldera. Yellowstone obviously was of this second type，but Christiansen couldnt find the caldera anywhere.Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to t
30、he park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the photos，he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera; almost the whole park2.2 million acreswas caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles
31、acrossmuch too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.58. What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone？A. Its complicated geographical features.B. Its ever-l
32、asting influence on tourism.C. The mysterious history of the park.D. The exact location of the volcano.59. What does the second-paragraph mainly talk about？A. The shapes of volcanoes.B. The impacts of volcanoes.C. The activities of volcanoes.D. The heights of volcanoes.60. What does the underlined w
33、ord “blow-up” in the last paragraph most probably mean？A. Hot-air balloon.B. Digital camera.C. Big photograph.D. Birds view.二、对点专练Passage1I visited Elba last June, joining Mary and John on a bicycling vacation. They made the arrangements for the car, hotel and bicycles. I studied the history of the
34、island, which of course particularly features Napoleon.Napoleon (now I know) picked Elba as a place for peace when he was forced to give up the throne (王权) as Emperor of France in 1814. Far from being a prison island, Elba is beautiful with towering mountains, thick forests and sweeping bays and bea
35、ches.It is also an island filled with treasure. Very early on this island, locals discovered rich deposits of iron. Soon outsiders, too, discovered the iron and 150 other valuable minerals on this little piece of land. Long before Etruscans and other Greeks set foot on it, Dorians had moved in by th
36、e tenth century B. C. and were mining the island. The Romans ruled next, obtaining the minerals and building grand houses overlooking the sea. From the twelfth century until the nineteenth, the island was traded back and forth and was passed to France in 1802. Then came Napoleon, the new ruler of El
37、ba.I was eager to visit his house in Portoferraio. The Emperor lived with his court and his mother, but his wife, Marie Louise had ensconced herself in the splendid Viennese palace of her father, Emperor of Austria. She lived safely there and showed little interest in visiting her husband in his min
38、i-kingdom. Apparently, Napoleon wasnt troubled much by this. He was too busy riding everywhere on horseback, building roads, modernizing agriculture and, above all, sharpening his tiny army and navy into readiness for his escape.In the formal gardens behind the house it seemed to me that I could ima
39、gine the exiled (流放的) conquerors anxious thoughts. He might gaze over where I stood now, toward the lighthouse of the Stella fort, the sandy bay, and across it, the green mountains of the Tuscan coast. Napoleon spent only ten months here before making his victorious return to France and the throne.1
40、. What did the author do for the visit to Elba?A. He did research on its past.B. He arranged transportation.C. He planned bicycling routes.D. He booked accommodation.2. Who might be the earliest outsiders to Elba according to the text?A. Napoleon and his army.B. Etruscans and other Greeks.C. Dorians
41、.D. Romans.3. What does the underlined word “ensconced” probably mean?A. Settled.B. Locked.C. Cured.D. Controlled.4. What came to the authors mind during his visit to Napoleons gardens?A. Beautiful views on Elba.B. Terrible living conditions on Elba.C. Napoleons ambition to regain power.D. Hardship
42、of Napoleons return to France.Passage2Claude Monet, Pablo Picasso and Leonardo da Vinci . the art world has never lacked talent. And now, a new painter is ready to join the list, although this one isnt even human.Next month, the auction house Christies Prints and Multiples will make history by offer
43、ing the first piece of art work created by artificial intelligence (AI) for sale. The painting is a portrait of a man called Edmond De Belamy, and is expected to be sold for up to $10,000.The work, which features a man with a mysterious look on his face, was created by software developed by the Fren
44、ch art group Obvious. Laugero-Lasserre, an art collector, called the work “grotesqueand amazing at the same time”. This isnt the first example of AI-produced artwork, as AI has already been used to write poems and compose songs. However, many people doubt whether it should be called art at all.Accor
45、ding to Russian writer Leo Tolstroy (1828 -1910), art is about creating emotion (情感). Its “a means of joining people together in the same feelings,” he once said.So, if the emotion behind art is what makes it, the ability to create and use tools is what makes human beings different from other specie
46、s. And as a tool itself, the AI technology used to create the portrait is the result of a lot of effort made by several designers. Together, they “fed” the AI a huge collection of paintings from the 14th to the 18th centuries, until it was able to work out how to make similar paintings of its own.Th
47、e introduction of AI art could be the beginning of a new artistic movement. However, not everyone is ready to welcome these high-tech artists just yet.“The human mind is whats behind the AI technology. And the human mind is not a cold, hard fact,” said Oscar Schwartz, a professor of AI. “Rather, it
48、is something thats created with our opinions and something that changes over time.”5. Why does the author mention the artists in Paragraph 1?ATo introduce their works.BTo make an advertisement.CTo present a piece of news.DTo focus the topic on the AI.6. What does the underlined would “grotesque” in Paragraph 3 mean?AStrange.BSimple.CMessy.DUnderstandable.7. What can we learn about the AI-produced artwork according to Paragraph 5?A